| Region: | Shiraz |
| Era: | early Timurid period |
| Al-Sharif al-Jurjani | |
| Birth Date: | 1339 CE |
| Birth Place: | Ṭāḡu near Astarabad in Gorgān[1] |
| Death Date: | 1414 CE |
| Death Place: | Shiraz |
| Religion: | Islam |
| Denomination: | Sunni |
| Jurisprudence: | Hanafi |
| Creed: | Ash'ari |
| Main Interests: | Kalam((arabic grammar)) (Islamic theology), Mantiq (logic), Falkiat |
| Notable Works: | Jurjani Definitions, Sharh al-Mawaqif |
| Influences: | Abu Mansur al-Maturidi, Abu Hasan al-Ash'ari,[2] Adud al-Din al-Iji,[3] Akmal al-Din al-Babarti |
| Influenced: | Shams al-Din al-Fanari, Ali Qushji |
Ali ibn Mohammed al-Jurjani (1339–1414)[4] (Persian) was a Persian[5] encyclopedic writer,[4] scientist, and traditionalist theologian. He is referred to as "al-Sayyid al-Sharif" in sources due to his alleged descent from Ali ibn Abi Taleb.[1] He was born in the village of Ṭāḡu near Astarabad in Gorgan (hence the nisba "Jurjani"),[1] and became a professor in Shiraz.[4] When this city was plundered by Timur in 1387, he moved to Samarkand, but returned to Shiraz in 1405, and remained there until his death.[4]
The author of more than fifty books,[6] of his thirty-one extant works, many being commentaries on other works, one of the best known is the Taʿrīfāt (تعريفات "Definitions"),[7] which was edited by G Flügel (Leipzig, 1845), published also in Constantinople (1837), Cairo (1866, etc.), and St Petersburg (1897).[4]