| Ali Sher Khalji | |
| Office: | Governor of Northwest Bengal |
| Term: | 1221-1227 |
| Father: | Iwaz Khalji |
| Children: | Malik Balkha Khalji |
| Relatives: | Khalji dynasty |
| Module: | |
ʿAlī Sher bin ʿIwaz Khaljī (Bengali: আলী শের খলজী, Persian: علی شیر بن عوض خلجی; fl. 1221) was a former governor of northwest Bengal (Birbhum) serving under his father,[1] Sultan Iwaz Shah of the Khalji dynasty of Bengal.[2] His name finds mention in the earliest known stone inscription mentioning a Muslim ruler of Bengal.[3]
Khalji's grandfather Husayn Khalji was an inhabitant of Garmsir. The family belonged to the Sunni Muslim Khalaj tribe,[4] [5] [6] a tribe of Turkic origin that after migration from Turkestan had later settled in Afghanistan for over 200 years.[7] [8] [9] Khalji was the son and heir of Iwaz Khalji, a deputy of Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khalji who participated in the Muslim conquest of Lakhnauti in Bengal. His father served as Bengal's governor twice under the Delhi Sultanate and also independently ruled as a Sultan.[10]
Khalji was appointed by his father to be the governor of northwestern Bengal,[11] a territory which spanned Birbhum and neighbouring areas.[12] In his governorship, a khanqah was endowed by Ibn Muhammad of Maragheh in 7 Jumada al-Akhir 618 AH (August 1221) in Sian, Suri Sadar.[13] This khanqah now holds the mazar (mausoleum) of Muslim preacher Makhdum Shah.[14] Indian epigraphist Z. A. Desai is of the opinion that Khalji was not merely a governor, but actually a Sultan who was ruling after his father's death. However, most historians reject this unconventional assumption.[15] [16]
Sukhamay Mukherjee equates Ali Sher Khalji with Muizuddin, a name found in another inscription during Iwaz Khalji's reign that refers to him as his son.[17]
"His ancestors, after having migrated from Turkistan, had lived for over 200 years in the Helmand valley and Lamghan, parts of Afghanistan called Garmasir or the hot region, and had adopted Afghan manners and customs. They were, therefore, wrongly looked upon as Afghans by the Turkish nobles in India as they had intermarried with local Afghans and adopted their customs and manners. They were looked down as non Turks by Turks."
. 2022-07-20 . 2021-10-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211007124818/https://books.google.com/books?id=Bdw9AAAAMAAJ . live ."The prejudice of Turks was however misplaced in this case, for Khaljis were actually ethnic Turks. But they had settled in Afghanistan long before the Turkish rule was established there, and had over the centuries adopted Afghan customs and practices, intermarried with the local people, and were therefore looked down on as non-Turks by pure-bred Turks."
. 2022-07-20 . 2018-12-25 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181225221323/https://books.google.com/books?id=vyEoAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT178%20 . live ."The Khaljis were a Turkish tribe but having been long domiciled in Afghanistan, had adopted some Afghan habits and customs. They were treated as Afghans in Delhi Court.
.