| Algernon Lee Butler | |
| Office: | Senior Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina |
| Term Start: | August 2, 1975 |
| Term End: | September 5, 1978 |
| Office1: | Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina |
| Term Start1: | 1961 |
| Term End1: | 1975 |
| Predecessor1: | Office established |
| Successor1: | John Davis Larkins Jr. |
| Office2: | Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina |
| Term Start2: | August 31, 1959 |
| Term End2: | August 2, 1975 |
| Appointer2: | Dwight D. Eisenhower |
| Predecessor2: | Donnell Gilliam |
| Successor2: | Seat abolished |
| Birth Name: | Algernon Lee Butler |
| Birth Date: | 2 August 1905 |
| Birth Place: | Clinton, North Carolina |
| Education: | University of North Carolina School of Law read law |
Algernon Lee Butler (August 2, 1905 – September 5, 1978) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina.
Born in Clinton, North Carolina, Butler attended the University of North Carolina School of Law, and read law in 1928 to enter the bar. He entered private practice in Clinton in 1928, and was a member of the North Carolina House of Representatives in 1931, and a county attorney of Sampson County, North Carolina from 1938 to 1951.
On July 28, 1959, Butler was nominated by President Dwight D. Eisenhower to a seat on the United States District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina vacated by Judge Donnell Gilliam. Butler was confirmed by the United States Senate on August 28, 1959, and received his commission on August 31, 1959. He served as Chief Judge from 1961 to 1975, assuming senior status on August 2, 1975, and serving in that capacity until his death on September 5, 1978.