Alfredo Alcala Explained

Birth Name:	Alfredo P. Alcala
Birth Place:	Talisay, Negros Occidental, Philippine Islands
Death Place:	Los Angeles, California, United States
Nationality:	Filipino
Pencil:	y
Ink:	y
Notable Works:	Ukala Voltar Savage Sword of Conan Swamp Thing
Awards:	Inkpot Award, 1977 Inkwell Awards Stacey Aragon Special Recognition Award (SASRA) (2021)^[1] ^[2]
Birth Date:	23 August 1925

Alfredo P. Alcala (August 23, 1925 – April 8, 2000) was a Filipino comics artist, born in Talisay, Negros Occidental in the Philippines. Alcala was an established illustrator whose works appeared in the Alcala Komix Magazine. His 1963 creation Voltar introduced him to an international audience, particularly in the United States. Alcala garnered awards in science fiction during the early part of the 1970s.^[3]

Biography

Alfredo Alcala's lifelong interest in comic books began in childhood. He dropped out of school in his early teens to pursue a career in art, initially as a sign painter and commercial artist. Subsequently he took employment in an ironworker's shop, designing lamps and household furniture, as well as a church pulpit. During the Japanese occupation of the Philippines in World War II he drew revealing pictures of their gear and position for the American forces.^[4]

Inspired by the work of Lou Fine and other cartoonists, Alcala commenced his comic book career in October 1948, beginning with an illustration in Bituin Komiks (Star Comics). By the end of the year he was drawing for Ace Publications, the Philippines' largest publishing company. Ace was the publisher of four titles (Filipino Komiks, Tagalog Klassiks, Espesial Komiks, and Hiwaga Komiks), each featuring his work. Ukala (1950) was one of his first major comics.

Though his career rapidly expanded, Alcala never used assistants to complete his work. He said, "I somehow felt that the minute you let someone else have a hand in your work no matter what, it's not you anymore. It's like riding a bicycle built for two."^[5]

He eventually became a star of the Filipino comics scene, so famed that a periodical bore his name, the Alcala Komiks Magasin. In 1963 he created the comic book Voltar whose titular character predated Frazetta's interpretation of Conan the Barbarian which bore a more than passing resemblance. Voltar became an award-winning success at home and abroad. Alcala's mature artistic style reflected his interest in the woodcuts and etchings of Renaissance master Albrecht Dürer and the drawings of Australian illustrator Walter Jardine and U.S. illustrator Franklin Booth which bore the look of engravings. He has also cited the work of British artist Frank Brangwyn as a major influence.

Fellow cartoonist Tony DeZuniga was the first Filipino artist to relocate to the United States to work for DC Comics in 1970, followed by Nestor Redondo and Gerry Talaoc.^[6] In 1971 Alcala began a decade of work for both DC and Marvel Comics on horror and fantasy titles, eventually moving to New York City in 1976. He was one of the artists on the licensed movie tie-in series Planet of the Apes^[7] and also helped recruit up-and-coming Filipino artists such as Alex Niño to U.S. publishers. In 1975, Alcala and writer Jack Oleck created Kong the Untamed for DC Comics.^[8] Later that year, Alcala drew Marvel Treasury of Oz, a comics adaptation of The Marvelous Land of Oz.^[9] Alcala joined Warren Publishing in 1977 and drew 39 stories for that publisher from 1977 to 1981. His series Voltar was reprinted in issues #2–9 of The Rook. Alcala executed 12 five panel comic strips for the men's magazine Adam. The strip, Terra O'Hara, was written by Donald (Don) F. Glut and it appeared in 12 successive issues of Adam from December 1979, through November 1980. In the early 1980s he penciled the Star Wars newspaper strip.^[10] In 1983 he teamed with the penciller Jack Kirby on Destroyer Duck from Eclipse Comics. and around that same time he also inked comic books such as Conan the Barbarian over John Buscema's pencils and inked Don Newton's pencil artwork in Batman.

With the failure of DC's and Warren's horror titles in the 1980s, many of the Filipino contributors turned to the field of animation in California, and in the 1990s Alcala followed suit. He also illustrated the novel Daddy Cool written by Donald Goines. His last work in comics was for Paradox Press' The Big Book of Thugs in 1996.

On April 8, 2000, Alcala died from cancer in Southern California. He is survived by his wife Lita and two sons, Christian Voltar and Alfred Jr.

Awards

Alcala received an Inkpot Award in 1977.^[11] In 2021, he was awarded the Inkwell Awards Stacey Aragon Special Recognition Award (SASRA) (2021).

Selected bibliography

Comics work (interior pencil art, except where noted) includes:

DC Comics

• All-Star Squadron (inks over other artists pencils) #52, 54, 57 (1985–86)
• America vs. the Justice Society (inks) #1–4 (1985)
• Arak, Son of Thunder (full art): #13–15; (inks): #10–12, 16–25, Annual #1 (1981–84)
• Batman (inks) #349, 354–355, 357, 362–381, 383, 385, Annual #10 (1982–1986)
• DC Comics Presents (inks) #48 (1982)
• Detective Comics (inks) #520, 526, 531, 534, 543–544, 576–577 (1982–87)
• Forbidden Tales of Dark Mansion #10–11, 13 (1973)
• Ghosts #9, 15, 17–19, 21, 24–25, 28, 33–34, 52 (1972–77)
• Hellblazer (inks) #8–9, 18–22 (1988–89)
• House of Mystery #209, 217, 219–220, 222, 224–228, 251–252, 254, 256 (1972–78)
• House of Secrets #100, 104–107, 109, 115, 117, 119–120, 122, 125 (1972–74)
• Infinity, Inc. (inks) #10, 43, Annual #1 (1985–87)
• Kamandi (inks) #47, 49–50 (1976–77)
• Kong the Untamed #1–3 (1975)
• Masters of the Universe (inks) #1–2 (1982–83)
• Our Army at War #251 (1972)
• Plop! #1–3 (1973–74)
• Secrets of Sinister House #6, 10, 12–14 (1972–73)
• The Shadow Annual (inks) #1 (inks) (1987)
• Shadow War of Hawkman (inks) #1–4 (miniseries, 1985)
• Swamp Thing vol. 2 (inks) #30, 41, 45, 49, 51–52, 54–59, 61–85, 90–93, 95–101 (1984–90)
• The Unexpected #138, 140, 144, 150, 151–153, 156–157, 168–169, 177, 191 (1972–79)
• Vigilante (inks) #24–25 (1985–86)
• Weird Mystery Tales #5, 10, 13–14 (1973–74)
• Weird War Tales #9, 11, 15–16, 20, 23, 25–29, 35, 42–44, 72, 74 (1972–79)
• Weird Western Tales (El Diablo) #16–17 (1973)
• Witching Hour #24, 27, 33, 41, 43 (1972–74)
• World of Smallville (inks) #1–4 (miniseries, 1988)
• World's Finest Comics (inks) #309, 312–314, 318–321, 323 (1984–86)
• Young All-Stars (inks) #5 (1987)

Eclipse Comics

• Destroyer Duck (inks) #1–7 (1982–1984)

Marvel Comics

• Conan the Barbarian (full art): #137, 225; (inks over other artists pencils): #209–219, 223 (1982–89)
• Captain Marvel #35 (1974)
• Doctor Strange vol. 2 #19 (1976)
• Dracula Lives (inks) #9 (1974)
• Freddy Krueger's A Nightmare on Elm Street (inks) #1–2 (1989)
• Giant-Size Chillers #1 (1975)
• Howard the Duck vol. 2 (inks) #7 (1980)
• The Incredible Hulk Annual (inks) #8 (1979); vol.1 #221, 222 (1978)
• Iron Man (inks) #112 (1978)
• Ka-Zar (inks) #6, 8 (1974–75)
• Kull the Destroyer #17 (1976)
• Man-Thing #14, Giant-Size #3 (1975)
• Marvel Comics Presents (inks) #16, 53 (1989–90)
• Marvel Comics Super Special (inks) #2 (1977)
• Marvel Preview #14 (1978)
• Marvel Two-in-One (inks) #42 (1978)
• Planet of the Apes #7–11, 17–21, 24 (1975–76)
• The Rampaging Hulk (then The Hulk!) (inks) #1–3, 5, 8, 15, 17–20, 22–26 (1977–81)
• Dazzler (inks) #1 (1981)
• Savage Sword of Conan (full art): #55, 75, 80, 83, 89, 216, 223; (inks over John Buscema pencils): #2, 4, 7, 12, 15–20, 23–24, 28, 67, 76; (inks over other artists pencils): #34, 59, 69, 180, 184, 189 (1974–94)
• Tales of the Zombie #7–9 (1974–75)
• Tarzan (inks) #9–10 (1977–78)
• Vampire Tales (full art): #6, 8; (inks): #9–10 (1974–75)

Warren Publishing

• Creepy #94, 99, 101–102, 104, 108, 125, 130 (1978–81)
• Eerie #96, 99–101, 104–105, 113 (1978–80)
• Rook Magazine (full art): #2–9; (inks): #1 (1979–81)
• Vampirella #90 (1980)

Further reading

• McDonald, Heidi and Philip Yeh. Secret Teachings of a Comic Book Master: The Art of Alfredo Alcala (IHAC, 1994; reissued by Dover Publications, 2015)

External links

• • Alfredo Alcala at Mike's Amazing World of Comics
• Alfredo Alcala at Wizards Keep Ltd.
• News: Pinoy comics pioneers celebrated in new docu. March 23, 2012. GMA News. March 25, 2012. Tulad. Victoria Camille. https://web.archive.org/web/20160508071141/http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/252515/lifestyle/pinoy-comics-pioneers-celebrated-in-new-docu. May 8, 2016. live.

Notes and References

1. https://www.firstcomicsnews.com/2021-inkwell-awards-voting-results/ First Comic News - 2021 INKWELL AWARDS VOTING RESULTS
2. https://inkwellawards.com/award-recipients/2021-winners/ 2021 Winners - Inkwell Awards Official Site
3. Web site: Alfredo Alcala. July 29, 2012. Lambiek Comiclopedia. https://web.archive.org/web/20160429204309/https://www.lambiek.net/artists/a/alcala_a.htm. April 29, 2016. live.
4. Web site: Alfredo Alcala. Mark. Evanier. Mark Evanier. May 5, 2000. News From ME. https://web.archive.org/web/20160414154636/http://www.newsfromme.com/pov/col290/. April 14, 2016. live.
5. Web site: Obituary: Alfredo Alcala, 1925-2000. Tom. Spurgeon. Tom Spurgeon. May 30, 2000. The Comics Reporter. https://web.archive.org/web/20160303193521/http://www.comicsreporter.com/index.php/resources/longbox/2073/. March 3, 2016. live. February 13, 2009.
6. Web site: Filipino Artists . The Power of Comics . November 5, 2019.
7. Book: Sanderson, Peter. Peter Sanderson. Gilbert. Laura, ed.. 1970s. Marvel Chronicle A Year by Year History. Dorling Kindersley. 2008. London, United Kingdom. 166. 978-0756641238. Marvel launched a new black-and-white magazine based on Twentieth Century Fox's Planet of the Apes movies in August [1974]. Doug Moench was the principal writer, and artists included Mike Ploog, Tom Sutton, Alfredo Alcala, and George Tuska..
8. Book: McAvennie, Michael. Dolan. Hannah, ed.. 1970s. DC Comics Year By Year A Visual Chronicle. Dorling Kindersley. 2010 . London, United Kingdom. 978-0-7566-6742-9. 164. Writer Jack Oleck and artist Alfredo Alcala focused on a primitive, powerful theme with which to depict the prehistoric warrior Kong in his debut issue: a growing son's bond with his mother..
9. Abramowitz. Jack. The Secrets of Oz Revealed. Back Issue!. 61. 29–32. TwoMorrows Publishing. December 2012. Raleigh, North Carolina.
10. Web site: From World War to Star Wars: Comic Books. Cole. Horton. July 17, 2015. StarWars.com. https://web.archive.org/web/20150929122422/http://www.starwars.com/news/from-world-war-to-star-wars-comic-books. September 29, 2015. live. While comic fans know him for his legendary speed at drawing a page, Star Wars fans might be more familiar with his work on Han Solo at Stars' End, a syndicated strip adaptation of Brian Daley’s novel. The strip with Alcala’s art ran in newspapers in 1980 and 1981..
11. Web site: Inkpot Award Winners . Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. https://web.archive.org/web/20120709055558/http://www.hahnlibrary.net/comics/awards/inkpot.php. July 9, 2012. live.