| Alfred Thieme | |
| Birth Date: | 2 May 1830 |
| Birth Place: | Leipzig |
| Death Date: | 2 April 1906 |
| Death Place: | Leipzig |
| Nationality: | German |
Alfred Thieme (1830 – 1906) was a German industrialist and art collector from Leipzig.
What little is known of his life was published in his art catalog, which was written by his son, the art historian Ulrich (known for Thieme-Becker) and the art historian Wilhelm von Bode. It was illustrated with engravings of artworks by Albert Krüger. He donated much of his collection, also known as the Thiemeschen Sammlung, to the Museum der bildenden Künste.
Thieme was also the father of Georg Thieme who founded a medical publishing business, today Thieme Medical Publishers.