| Alexei Barbăneagră | |
| Office: | Defense and National Security Advisor to the President – Secretary of the Supreme Security Council |
| President: | Nicolae Timofti |
| Term Start: | 11 April 2012 |
| Term End: | 23 December 2016 |
| Predecessor: | Iurie Richicinschi |
| Successor: | Artur Gumeniuc |
| Birth Date: | 3 December 1945 |
| Birth Place: | Handrabura, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union |
| Party: | Popular Front of Moldova |
| Alma Mater: | Moldova State University |
| Profession: | Jurist |
| Office2: | 1st Minister of Justice |
| Termstart2: | 6 June 1990 |
| Termend2: | 5 April 1994 |
| Primeminister2: | Mircea Druc Valeriu Muravschi Andrei Sangheli |
| President2: | Mircea Snegur |
| Successor2: | Vasile Sturza |
| Honorific Suffix: | OR |
Alexei Barbăneagră (born 3 December 1945) is a lawyer from the Republic of Moldova, who served as Minister of Justice from 6 June 1990 to 5 April 1994 in Mircea Druc Cabinet.