| Alexander Shalimov | |
| Native Name: | Шалімов Олександр Олексійович |
| Native Name Lang: | uk |
| Birth Date: | 20 January 1918 |
| Birth Place: | Vvedenka, Voronezh Governorate, RSFSR |
| Death Place: | Kyiv, Ukraine |
| Resting Place: | Baikove Cemetery |
| Alma Mater: | Kuban State Medical University |
| Occupation: | physician and surgeon |
| Known For: | Shalimov National Institute of Surgery and Transplantation |
Alexander Alekseyevich Shalimov (; January 20, 1918 – February 28, 2006) was a Soviet and Ukrainian surgeon and one of the founders of the Shalimov National Institute of Surgery and Transplantation, which is named after him.
Alexander Shalimov was one of 11 children in a farmers family, which moved to Kuban (Koshekhabl) in 1925, where he attended school. From 1934 to 1936 he attended the Medical school of Kuban, which he graduated with honors. He then attended the Kuban State Medical University in Krasnodar, which he completed in 1941. In September 1944 he became the chief physician and head of the surgical department of the city Baikal City Hospital in Petrovsk-Zabaykalsky. Since 1959 he held the Chair of Thoracic Surgery and Anesthesiology at the Kharkiv National Medical University. Starting in May 1970 he held the Chair of Surgery at the Kyiv Institute of Continuing Education. Since May 1971 he was the Director of the Research Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion. After July 1972 he was the director and after April 1988 the Honorary Director of the Research Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery. At the same time he was a chief surgeon of the Ukrainian Ministry of Healthcare.
He died in 2006 in Kyiv and was buried in the Baikove Cemetery. In 2014 a monument was erected in his honor in Kyiv.
Alexander Shalimov received numerous orders and honors.