| Alexander Schlichter | |
| Width: | 200px |
| Term Start: | 31 December 1917 |
| Term End: | 25 February 1918 |
| Successor: | Alexander Tsiurupa |
| Premier: | Vladimir Lenin |
| Birth Date: | 1 September 1868 |
| Birth Place: | Lubny, Poltava Oblast, Russian Empire |
| Death Place: | Kiev, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Soviet Union |
| Party: | RSDLP (1898–1903) RSDLP (Bolsheviks) (1903–1918) Russian Communist Party (1918–1940) |
| Office: | People's Commissar of Food of the RSFSR |
| Office2: | People's Commissar of Agriculture of the RSFSR |
| Termend2: | 17 November 1917 |
| Termstart2: | 13 November 1917 |
| Predecessor2: | Vladimir Milyutin |
| Successor2: | Andrei Kolegayev |
| Predecessor: | Ivan Teodorovich |
| Premier2: | Vladimir Lenin |
| Profession: | Professor, economist, political scientist |
| Alma Mater: | National University of Kharkiv University of Bern |
| Resting Place: | Baikove Cemetery |
| Native Name Lang: | ru |
Alexander Grigorievich Schlichter (Ukrainian: Олександр Григорович Шліхтер; 1 September [<nowiki/>[[Old Style and New Style dates|O.S.]] 20 August] 1868 – 2 December 1940) was a Ukrainian Bolshevik politician, Soviet statesman, political scientist and economist.
Schlichter's grandfather, originally from western Germany (Württemberg), settled in what is the present-day Poltava Oblast of Ukraine in 1818. Schlichter was ethnically one-quarter German and three-fourths Ukrainian.
Following studies at Kharkiv University, Schlichter joined a student the social democratic circle in 1891. He was involved in the technical production of the illegal Bolshevik paper Proletary while it appeared in the Russian Empire (1904–1906).After the Bolshevik seizure of power he succeeded Vladimir Milyutin as People's Commissar for Agriculture. He also was People's Commissar for Food of the R.S.F.S.R., Commissar Extraordinary for Food in Siberia. In 1919, he became People's Commissar for Food of Ukraine.
In 1920, he was Chairman of the Tambov Gubernia Executive Committee, and was involved in suppression of the Tambov Rebellion.[1] [2]
In April 1927, he attended the Fourth Congress of Soviets as commissar of agriculture in the Ukrainian Republic. There, he described 10% of the rural population of Ukraine as being "surplus".[3]
After 1930 he was mostly involved in scientific activity. He was a full member of the Communist Academy from 1930, an Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR and from 1928, Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Byelorussian SSR from 1933. He became a Doctor of Economics in 1936. From 1931 to 1938, Schlichter was Vice-President of Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, at the same time the director of the All-Ukrainian Institute of Marxism-Leninism and then president of the All-Ukrainian Association of Marxist–Leninist Institutions (VUAMLIN) from 1930 to 1936.
He was one of the initiators and active supporters of promoting the theories of Trofim Lysenko.[4]