Alexander H. Popkin Explained

Alexander H. Popkin, Ph.D. (November 7, 1913 – January 23, 1987) was an American scientist and inventor with 33 US patents and 18 scientific publications.[1]

Early life and education

Popkin was born in New York City, on the lower east side of Manhattan. He received a B.S. in chemistry from Brooklyn College in 1934, an M.S. in organic chemistry from Pennsylvania State University in 1935, and a Ph.D. in organic chemistry from Pennsylvania State University in 1939. He was a member of the honorary societies of Sigma Xi and Phi Lambda Upsilon.

Career

Sun Chemical Company

Dr. Popkin began his career at Sun Chemical Company, working there from 1939 - 1945. He was group head in charge of organic research on new pigments, dyes, and resins for use in printing ink formulations. During World War II, there was a major effort related to new pigments, dyes, and resins from non-critical raw materials. He was involved in confidential research for the National Defense Research Committee (NDRC), and he was added to American Men of Science in 1944.[2]

Maltbie Chemical Company

In 1945 he became director of research at Maltbie Chemical Company with responsibility for the supervision and coordination of organic research and pharmaceutical development, and an advisor to the export department on matters relating to foreign registry of company products, and advisor to the advertising department on matters of dosage forms and labeling.

Esso Research and Engineering Company (formerly Standard Oil Development Company)

From 1946 - 1968, Popkin worked at Esso Research and Engineering Company, Linden, NJ in research and development in the areas of motor lubricants, lubricant additives, gasolines, gasoline additives, aviation lubricants, new applications for asphalts related to water conservation and materials of construction, as well as studies in air pollution.

Between 1947 and 1970, he obtained 33 US patents as the inventor or co-inventor. The patents were assigned to the following companies: Sun Chemical Company (4 patents), Standard Oil Development Company (9 patents), and Esso Research and Engineering Company (20 patents). His inventions included a major gasoline additive, first Esso commercial low-cost aviation synthetic jet engine lubricant, first Esso military low-cost aviation synthetic jet engine lubricant, two major Esso aviation mineral oil piston engine lubricants, and two major Esso motor oil additives. Some of these inventions were developed into Uniflo Motor Oil 5W-20, a new synthetic lubricant for car and truck engines, and Esso Extra Gasoline containing a detergent additive, which was marketed and advertised as "Put a Tiger in Your Tank."

After taking early retirement from Esso in 1968, he continued working for Esso as a consultant doing research projects in the US Patent office in Washington, DC.

Esso Research and Engineering became Exxon and then ExxonMobil.

US Patents

!US Patent Number!Title!Inventor(s)!Assignee Company!Patent Application Date!Patent Issue Date
2,431,889Mixtures of Diamino Diphenyl Azo CompoundsAlexander H. PopkinSun Chemical CorporationMay 2, 1942Dec 2, 1947
2,433,784AminobipphenylsulfonanilideAlexander H. PopkinSun Chemical CorporationApr 12, 1943Dec 30, 1947
2,440,117Process for Preparing SulfonamidesAlexander H. PopkinSun Chemical CorporationMar 11, 1944Apr 20, 1948
2,441,671Process for Preparing SulfonamidesAlexander H. PopkinSun Chemical CorporationMar 11, 1944May 18, 1948
2,448,823Triphenylmethane Dyestuff and Pigment Dyestuffs and Process for Making the SameAlexander H. PopkinSun Chemical CorporationMar 11, 1944Sept 7. 1948
2,559,521Synthetic LubricantPaul V, Smith, Jr. and Alexander H. PopkinStandard Oil Development CompanyNov 27, 1948July 3, 1951
2,582,708Lubricating Oil AdditivesSamuel B. Lippincott and Alexander H. PopkinStandard Oil Development CompanyOct 1, 1948Jan 15, 1952
2,585,862Synthetic Lubricants Paul V. Smith, Jr. and Alexander H. PopkinStandard Oil Development CompanyNov 1, 1945Feb 12, 1952
2,601,063Glycol Esters of Alkyl-Mercapto-Carboxylic AcidsPaul V. Smith, Jr., Louis A. Mikeska, and Alexander H. PopkinStandard Oil Development CompanySept 24, 1948June 17, 1952
2,604,453New Copolymer CompositionsAlexander H. PopkinStandard Oil Development CompanyDec 30, 1948July 22, 1952
2,623,018Extreme Pressure LubricantElmer B. Cyphers and Alexander H. PopkinStandard Oil Development CompanyDec 17. 1949Dec 23, 1952
2,677,662Lubricating Oil AdditivesLouis A. Makeska, Samuel B. Lippincott, and Alexander H. PopkinStandard Oil Development CompanyAug 2, 1948May 4, 1954
2,683,119Compounded LubricantPaul V. Smith, Jr., Louis A. Mikeska, and Alexander H. PopkinStandard Oil Development CompanyNov 16, 1949July 6, 1954
2,689,223Viscosity Index ImproversAlexander H. Popkin and Thomas S. TutwilerStandard Oil Development CompanyJune 22, 1951Sept 14, 1954
2,703,783Process for the Clarification of Lubricating Oil Additive ConcentratesAlexander H. PopkinEsso Research and Engineering CompanyApr 28, 1950Mar 8, 1955
2,721,877Lubricating Oil Additives and a Process for Their PreparationAlexander H. Popkin and James F. BlackEsso Research and Engineering CompanyAug 22, 1951Oct 25, 1955
2,721,878Strong Acid as a Polymerization Modifier in the Production of Liquid PolymersAlexander H. PopkinEsso Research and Engineering CompanyAug 18, 1951Oct 25, 1955
2,721,879Aldehydes as Polymerization Modifiers in the Production of Liquid PolymersAlexander H. Popkin and James M. PhelanEsso Research and Engineering CompanyAug 18, 1951Oct 25, 1955
2,761,766Combustion TestAlexander H. PopkinEsso Research and Engineering CompanyMay 1, 1953Sept 4, 1956
2,762,774Four Depressant-Detergent Additive CombinationAlexander H. PopkinEsso Research and Engineering CompanyApr 21, 1953Sept 11, 1956
2,785,128Metal Salts of Organic Acids of PhosphorusAlexander H. PopkinEsso Research and Engineering CompanySept 20, 1954Mar 12, 1957
2,810,744Polymerization Process for Preparing Lubricant Additives and ProductsAlexander H. PopkinEsso Research and Engineering CompanyMar 25, 1955Oct 22, 1957
2,849,398Mineral-Based Lubricating Oils and Methods for Using SameLeonard E. Moody and Alexander H. PopkinEsso Research and Engineering CompanyAug 19, 1953Aug 26, 1958
2,906,729Method for Color Improvement of Polymetric Four Point DepressorsAlexander H. PopkinEsso Research and Engineering CompanyAug 31, 1953Sept 29, 1959
3,034,877Leaded GasolinesAlexander H. PopkinEsso Research and Engineering CompanyAug 5, 1957May 15, 1962
3,047,372Anti-Knock GasolineAlexander H. PopkinEsso Research and Engineering CompanyNov 29, 1957July 31, 1962
3,099,682Preparation, Treatment and Storage, Under a Nitrogen Blanket, of the Diesters of Dicarboxylic Acids and Oxo AlcoholsAlexander H. PopkinEsso Research and Engineering CompanyDec 24, 1959July 30, 1963
3,325,565Mixed Monoalkyl and Dialkyl Esters of Phosphoric Acid Partially Neutralized with a Primary Alkyl AmineAlexander H. PopkinEsso Research and Engineering CompanyOct 1, 1963Jun 13, 1967
3,334,977Gasoline CompositionAlexander H. PopkinEsso Research and Engineering CompanyOct 23, 1963Aug 8, 1967
3,382,139Cementitious Compositions for Bituminous SubstratesAlexander H. Popkin, George M. Kagan, and Roman SlyshEsso Research and Engineering CompanyDec 24, 1964May 7, 1968
3,384,466Amine-Phosphates as Multi-Functional Fuel AdditivesAlexander H. PopkinEsso Research and Engineering CompanyFeb 21, 1967May 21, 1968
3,509,240Primary Amine Salts of Mono-and Di-Alkyl Phosphoric Acid Esters That Have Been Heat TreatedAlexander H. PopkinEsso Research and Engineering CompanyFeb 20, 1967April 28, 1970
3,511,676Nonionic Asphalt EmulsifiersMervin E. Conn and Alexander H. PopkinEsso Research and Engineering CompanySept 18, 1967May 12, 1970

Publications

Professional Associations and Activities

References

  1. News: February 5, 1987 . Dr. Alexander Popkin, Scientist, Inventor . New Jersey Jewish News . 2022-12-22.
  2. Book: American Men of Science: A Biographical Directory . Bowker . 1949 . Cattell . Jaques . Jaques Cattell . 8th . Lancaster, PA. . 1971.
  3. Marker . Russell E. . Russell Earl Marker . Kamm . Oliver . Fleming . George H. . Popkin . Alexander H. . Wittle . Eugene L. . April 1, 1937 . Sterols. X. Cholesterol Derivatives . Journal of the American Chemical Society . 59 . 4 . 619–621 . 10.1021/ja01283a007 . ACS Publications.
  4. Whitmore . Frank C. . Frank C. Whitmore . Popkin . A. H. . Whitaker . J. S. . Mattil . K. F. . Zech . J. D. . October 1, 1938 . The Action of Primary Grignard Reagents on t-Butylacetyl Chloride . Journal of the American Chemical Society . 60 . 10 . 2462–2464 . 10.1021/ja01277a048 . ACS Publications.
  5. Whitmore . Frank C. . Karnatz . F. A. . Popkin . A. H. . October 1, 1938 . Isomerization during the Preparation of n-Amyl Chloride . Journal of the American Chemical Society . 60 . 10 . 2540–2542 . 10.1021/ja01277a076 . ACS Publications.
  6. Whitmore . Frank C. . Meyer . R. E. . Pedlow Jr. . G. W. . Popkin . A. H. . November 1, 1938 . The Reducing Action of Primary Grignard Reagents with Trimethylacetyl Chloride . Journal of the American Chemical Society . 60 . 11 . 2788–2789 . 10.1021/ja01278a069 . ACS Publications.
  7. Whitmore . Frank C. . Whitaker . J. S. . Mattil . K. F. . Popkin . A. H. . November 1, 1938 . The Action of Primary Grignard Reagents with t-Butylacetyl Chloride. II1 . Journal of the American Chemical Society . 60 . 11 . 2790–2792 . 10.1021/ja01278a070 . ACS Publications.
  8. Whitmore . Frank C. . Wittle . E. L. . Popkin . A. H. . June 1, 1939 . The Common Basis of Intramolecular Rearrangements. VI.1 Reactions of Neopentyl Iodide . Journal of the American Chemical Society . 61 . 6 . 1586–1590 . 10.1021/ja01875a073 . ACS Publications.
  9. Whitmore . Frank C. . Popkin . A. H. . Pfister . J. R. . June 1, 1939 . Reaction of Neopentyl Chloride with Sodium . Journal of the American Chemical Society . 61 . 6 . 1616–1617 . 10.1021/ja01875a524 . ACS Publications.
  10. Whitmore . Frank C. . Fenske . M. R. . Fenske equation . Quiggle . D. . Bernstein . H. . Carney . T. P. . Lawroski . S. . Popkin . A. H. . Wagner . R. B. . Wheeler . W. R. . Whitaker . J. S. . April 1, 1940 . Attempted Separation of Isomeric Hexenes by Fractional Distillation . Journal of the American Chemical Society . 62 . 4 . 795–800 . 10.1021/ja01861a029 . ACS Publications.
  11. Whitmore . Frank C. . Popkin . A. H. . Bernstein . Herbert I. . Wilkins . John P. . January 1, 1941 . The Common Basis of Intramolecular Rearrangements. VII.1 Inapplicability of a Free Radical Mechanism. Formation of 1,1-Dimethylcyclopropane and Neopentane by the Action of Sodium on Neopentyl Chloride. Relation to the Mechanism of the Wurtz Reaction . Journal of the American Chemical Society . 63 . 1 . 124–127 . 10.1021/ja01846a029 . ACS Publications.
  12. Whitmore . Frank C. . Whitaker . J. S. . Mosher . W. A. . Breivik . O. N. . Wheeler . W. R. . Miner Jr. . C. S. . Sutherland . L. H. . Wagner . R. B. . Clapper . T. W. . Lewis . C. E. . Lux . A. R. . Popkin . A. H. . March 1, 1941 . Grignard Reductions. IX.1,2,3 Further Studies on the Reduction of Acid Halides . Journal of the American Chemical Society . 63 . 3 . 643–654 . 10.1021/ja01848a004 . ACS Publications.
  13. Whitmore . Frank . Meyer . R. . Pedlow, Jr. . G. . Popkin . A. . December 1, 1942 . Additions and Corrections. The Reducing Action of Primary Grignard Reagents with Trimethylacetyl Chloride . Journal of the American Chemical Society . December 1, 1942 . 64 . 12 . 3067 . 10.1021/ja01264a601 . ACS Publications.
  14. Popkin . Alexander H. . November 1, 1943 . Derivatives of Biphenylsulfonamides. I. Preparation of p-(o-Aminophenyl)-benzenesulfonamide.1 . Journal of the American Chemical Society . 65 . 11 . 2043–2045 . 10.1021/ja01251a001 . PCS Publications.
  15. Popkin . Alexander H. . Perretta . Gertrude M. . November 1, 1943 . Derivatives of Biphenylsulfonamide. II.1 Derivatives of p-(o-Aminophenyl)-benzenesulfonamide.2 . Journal of the American Chemical Society . 65 . 11 . 2046–2048 . 10.1021/ja01251a002 . ACS Publications.
  16. Popkin . A. H. . McVea . G. B. . May 1, 1944 . Orientation in the Biphenyl System. The Preparation of 2- and 4-Aminobiphenyl-4'-sulfonamides . Journal of the American Chemical Society . 66 . 5 . 796–798 . 10.1021/ja01233a041 . ACS Publications.
  17. Popkin . A. H. . Perretta . G. M. . Selig . R . May 1, 1944 . Orientation in the Biphenyl System.1 Derivatives of 2-Aminobiphenyl2 . Journal of the American Chemical Society . 66 . 5 . 833–834 . 10.1021/ja01233a052 . ACS Publications.
  18. Book: Dukek . W. G. . Synthetic Lubricants . Popkin . A. H. . Reinhold Publishing Corporation . 1962 . Gunderson . Reign C. . New York, NY . New York, NY . 1962 . 151–245 . Chapter 5, Dibasic Acid Esters . Hart . Andrew W..
  19. Black, J. F. and Popkin, A. H., "New Roles for Asphalt in Controlling Man's Environment," Presentation at Annual Meeting, National Petroleum Refiners Association, San Antonio, Texas, 3–5 April 1967.
  20. Book: Black . James F. . https://books.google.com/books?id=ftTXuHU-7C4C&pg=PA729 . Water for Peace: Water supply technology . Popkin . Alexander H. . United States Watershed Management . 1968 . Washington, DC . 729–736 . Low - Cost Drinking Water from Asphalt Catchments.

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