Alexander Hamilton Church Explained

Alexander Hamilton Church (28 May 1866^[1] – 11 February 1936^[2]) was an English efficiency engineer, accountant and writer on accountancy and management, known for his seminal work of management^[3] and cost accounting.^{[4] [5]}

Biography

Church was born in Uxbridge near London to Richard Stephen Hamilton Church and Jane Grace Quick Clemence,^[6] both American. His father was the grandson of Philip Schuyler, a general in the American Revolution and a United States Senator from New York. There were some rumors that his father was an illegitimate son of Alexander Hamilton, who had married another of General Schuyler's daughters.^[7] Alexander H. Church grew up in England, where he received a liberal education.^[8]

Church started his career at the British National Telephone Company. Over the years he became a technical expert in electrical engineering and started working as manager in an electrical manufacturing business. He rejoined the telephone company and organized and opened their factory at Birmingham, England. Subsequently he became secretary for multiple manufacturing companies. For a period of seven years he was European manager for The Engineering Magazine.^[9] Late 19th century he was mentored by J. Slater Lewis (author of "The Commercial Organization of Factories"), and started writing on accountancy and management, publishing his first article in the Engineering Magazine in 1890.

Church moved to the United States between 1900 and 1905,^[10] where he started working as consulting engineer In the next decade with his consulting firm^[11] made a special study of factory organization and manufacturing efficiency.^[9] He further wrote the notable works "The Proper Distribution of Expense Burden" (1908) and "Production Factors in Cost Accounting and Works Management" (1910).^[9]

Work

Church became known as one of the pioneers in reducing the commercial organization of factories to the basis of a science, a work in which he was associated with J. Slater Lewis in Britain. He also worked with Hans Renold, who is credited for introducing scientific management to England.^[12]

In the United States Church worked with L.P. Alford and developed a systems of management principles partly based on the ideas of Charles Babbage. Their theory contrasted Taylor's shop management principles,^[12] and paved the way to modern industrial management.^[13]

Church first book "The Proper Distribution of Expense Burden" was published as a series of articles in the Engineering Magazine in 1901, and as book in 1908. This became a reference for accounting both in The United States and England.^[14]

Selected publications

Books:

• 1908. The Proper Distribution of Expense Burden (second edition, 1913)
• 1910. Production Factors in Cost Accounting and Works Management
• 1914. Science and Practice of Management
• 1917. Manufacturing Costs and Accounts
• 1923. Making an Executive

Articles, a selection:

• Church, Alexander Hamilton, “The Meaning of Commercial Organization,” in The Engineering Magazine, December 1900. Vol. 20, pp. 391–398
• Church, Alexander Hamilton, “The Proper Distribution of Establishment Charges.” in Engineering Magazine, July to Dec. 1901.
• Church, A. H. "Premium, Piece-work and Expense Burden." in: Engineering Magazine, Vol. 46, New York, 1913. pp. 7–18, 207–216.

Further reading

• T. Boyns (2003) In memoriam: Alexander Hamilton Church's system of 'scientific machine rates' at Hans Renold Ltd., c.1901 – c.1920 Accounting Historians Journal 30: 3–44
• Jelinek M. (1980) Toward Systematic Management: Alexander Hamilton Church Business History Review 54: p. 63–79.
• Joseph A. Litterer, "Alexander Hamilton Church and the Development of Modern Management," Business History Review 35 (Summer 1961), p. 214.
• Vangermeersch, Richard. "Church, Alexander Hamilton (1866–1936." In History of Accounting: An International Encyclopedia, edited by Michael Chatfield and Richard Vangermeersch. New York: Garland Publishing, 1996. pp. 124–125.

External links

• The Contributions of Alexander Hamilton Church to Accounting and Management

Notes and References

1. Wells & Dean (1993, 63) stated, that "Alexander Hamilton Church was born on 28 May 1866. His parents did not register the birth immediately, waiting until the fourth of July!..." Source: M.C. Wells, G.W. Dean (1993) ABACUS, A Journal of Accounting, Finance and Business Studies
2. Eastern Academy of Management. Meeting, David A. Ralston, Gary N. Powell (1983). Management in 1984: conceptual, empirical, and pedagogical perspectives. p. 170
3. Prechel, Harland. Big business and the state: historical transitions and corporate transformations, 1880s–1990s. SUNY Press, 2000.
4. [Fleischman, Richard K.]
5. [Kaplan, Robert S.]
6. [Boyns, Trevor]
7. Boyns (2003) explained:
   "Alexander Hamilton Church was born on 28 May 1866 to Richard Stephen Hamilton Church and Jane Grace Quick Clemence. His parents were subsequently married on 23 October 1867, when the former was 69 years old and the latter 28 (details from a copy of the marriage certificate obtained by the author from the General Register Office)."
8. [Michael Chatfield]
9. Factory and Industrial Management, Vol. 46. McGraw-Hill publishing Company, Incorporated, 1914. p. xc.
10. James R. Huntzinger. Lean Cost Management: Accounting for Lean by Establishing Flow. J. Ross Publishing, 15 mei 2007. p. 69-70
11. [Daniel A. Wren]
12. Richard Vangermeersch (1996) "Church, Alexander Hamilton (1866–1936." In History of Accounting: An International Encyclopedia, edited by Michael Chatfield and Richard Vangermeersch. New York: Garland Publishing, 1996. p. 124.
13. William Jaffe (1957). L.P. Alford and the Evolution of Modern Industrial Management. New York University Press.
14. Jayanta K Nanda (2006) Management Thought. p.81