| Office: | Minister of National Economy |
| Term Start: | 9 July 1928 |
| Term End: | 12 September 1929 |
| Primeminister: | Benito Mussolini |
| Predecessor: | Giuseppe Belluzzo |
| Successor: | Giuseppe Bottai |
| Birth Date: | 25 November 1876 |
| Birth Place: | Caltanissetta, Kingdom of Italy |
| Death Place: | Florence, Kingdom of Italy |
| Resting Place: | Vinci cemetery, Florence |
| Spouse: | Dolores Corsi |
| Alma Mater: | University of Florence |
| Children: | 2 |
| Occupation: | Academic |
Alessandro Martelli (1876–1934) was an Italian academic and politician. He served as the minister of national economy in the cabinet led by Benito Mussolini between 1928 and 1929.
Martelli was born in Caltanissetta on 25 November 1876. He graduated from the Institute of Higher Studies in Florence in July 1900.
Following his graduation Martelli joined the academy and became professor of mineralogy and geology at the University of Florence between 1910 and 1927. He also served as a faculty member at the University of Rome in the field of geology in 1927.
Martelli participated in both Italo-Turkish War (1911–1912) and World War I. He took part in March on Rome in October 1922. He was elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 1924 for the National Fascist Party and served there for two terms. In 1926 he was made undersecretary of transports.[1] On 9 July 1928 he was appointed minister of national economy, replacing Giuseppe Belluzzo in the post.[2] Martelli's term ended on 12 September 1929. Following this incident the ministry was replaced by the ministry of guilds.
Later he served as the head of the Italian automotive gasoline company Agip.[3] Martelli was named as a senator in March 1934.[4]
In February 1904 Martelli married Dolores Corsi with whom he had two sons. He died in Florence on 5 October 1934 and was buried there in the Vinci cemetery.[5]
Martelli was the recipient of the following:[6]