Alcântara Formation Explained
The Alcântara Formation is a geological formation in northeastern Brazil whose strata date back to the Cenomanian of the Late Cretaceous.[1]
Fossil content
Dinosaurs
| Dinosaurs |
|---|
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|
| Abelisauridae Indet.[2] | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Two shed tooth crowns | | |
| Carcharodontosauridae indet.[3] | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Teeth | | |
| Dromaeosauridae indet. | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Teeth | Possible member of Velociraptorinae | |
| Itapeuasaurus[4] | I. cajapioensis | Itapeua beach | Early Cenomanian | | A rebbachisaurid | |
| cf. Limaysaurus[5] | L. tessonei | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Vertebrae | | |
| Malawisaurus?[6] | M. sp. | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Tooth | Probably Titanosauria indet rather than Malawisaurus? | |
| Noasauridae indet. [7] | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Nine teeth | Teeth belong to an animal closely related to Masiakasaurus knopfleri. | |
| Oxalaia[8] | O. quilombensis | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Fused premaxillae; isolated and incomplete left maxilla | A spinosaurid | |
| Sauropoda indet.[9] | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Teeth | May belong to a titanosaurid or a diplodocoid rebbachisaurid | |
| Sigilmassasaurus | S. brevicollis | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Two caudal vertebrae | Referral to Sigilmassasaurus was based on similarity to presumed caudal vertebrae of the genus from the Kem Kem Group. However, these caudal vertebrae have since been separated from the genus, meaning that it is currently impossible to refer any caudal vertebrae to it. | |
| Spinosauridae indet.[10] | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Teeth | A spinosaurid different from Oxalaia. | |
| Theropoda indet. | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Claw | | |
| Titanosauria indet. | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Vertebrae | | |
| Titanosauria indet. | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Osteoderm | | |
| cf. Unenlagiinae[11] | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island, São Luís-Grajaú Basin | Early Cenomanian | Teeth | | |
|
Crocodylomorphs
| Crocodylomorphs |
|---|
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|
| Crocodylomorpha indet. | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Teeth and osteoderms | | |
| Coringasuchus[12] | C. anisodontis | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Partial right lower jaw (dentary) | Possibly a notosuchian | |
|
Fish
| Fishes |
|---|
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|
| Aegyptobatus[14] | A. cf. kuehnei | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Teeth | A distobatid hybodont | |
| Arganodus | A. tiguidiensis | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Dental plates | A ceratodontid lungfish | |
| Atlanticopristis[15] | A. equatorialis | Falésia do Sismito and Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Fourteen denticle specimens (two complete) | A sclerorhynchid | |
| Bartschichthys | B. sp. | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Spines | | |
| Ceratodus | C. brasiliensis
C. humei | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Dental plates | A ceratodontid lungfish | |
| Equinoxiodus[16] [17] | E. alcantarensis
E. schuitzei | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | One complete and eight incomplete tooth plates | A neoceatodontid lungfish | |
| Lepidotes | L. sp. | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Mineralized scales | | |
| Mawsonia[18] | M. gigas | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Palato-quadrate and post-parietal cranial material | A mawsoniid coelacanth | |
| Myliobatis | M. sp. | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | | | |
| Onchopristis | O. cf. numidus | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Rostral teeth | A sclerorhynchoid. | |
| Pycnodontiformes indet. | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Dental plate and teeth | | |
| Stephanodus | S. sp. | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Pharyngeal teeth | | |
| Tribodus | T. cf. limae | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Dorsal spines | A hybodont | |
|
Notes and References
- Rossetti, D.F. . Truckenbrodt, W. . Revisão estratigráfica para os depósitos do Albiano-Terciário Inferior (?) na Bacia de São Luís (MA), Norte do Brasil . Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi . 9 . 29–41 . 1997.
- Marcos A.F. Sales . Isabel A.P. de Oliveira . Cesar L. Schultz . 2018 . The oldest abelisaurid record from Brazil and the palaeobiogeographic significance of mid-Cretaceous dinosaur assemblages from northern South America . Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology . 508 . 107–115 . 10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.07.024 . 2018PPP...508..107S . 133650699 .
- Candeiro . C.R.A. . Martinelli . Agustin G. . Abelisauroidea and Carcharodontosauridae (Theropoda, Dinosauria) in the Cretaceous of South America. Paleogeographical and geocronological implications . Sociedade & Natureza . 2005 . 17 . 33.
- Lindoso. Rafael Matos. Medeiros. Manuel Alfredo Araújo. Carvalho. Ismar de Souza. Pereira. Agostinha Araújo. Mendes. Ighor Dienes. Iori. Fabiano Vidoi. Sousa. Eliane Pinheiro. Arcanjo. Silvia Helena Souza. Silva. Taciane Costa Madeira. July 2019. A new rebbachisaurid (Sauropoda: Diplodocoidea) from the middle Cretaceous of northern Brazil. Cretaceous Research. en. 104. 104191. 10.1016/j.cretres.2019.104191. 2019CrRes.10404191L . 201321631. 0195-6671.
- Medeiros . Manuel Alfredo . Schultz . Cesar Leandro . Rayososaurus (Sauropoda, Diplodocoidea) no meso-Cretáceo do Norte-Nordeste Brasileiro . Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia . 2004 . 7 . 2 . 275–279 . 10.4072/rbp.2004.2.22. free .
- Freire . Pedro Carvalho . Medeiros . Manuel Alfredo . Lindoso . Rafael Matos . Sauropod teeth diversity in the Laje do Coringa fossiliferous site, Eocenomanian of Northeastern Brazil . Paleontologia: Cenários de Vida . 2007 . 523–532.
- Lindoso. Rafael Matos. Medeiros. Manuel Alfredo. Carvalho. Ismar de Souza. Marinho. Thiago da Silva. August 2012. Masiakasaurus-like theropod teeth from the Alcântara Formation, São Luís Basin (Cenomanian), northeastern Brazil. Cretaceous Research. en. 36. 119–124. 10.1016/j.cretres.2012.03.002. 2012CrRes..36..119L .
- Kellner . Alexander W.A. . Sergio A.K. . Azevedeo . Elaine B. . Machado . Luciana B. . Carvalho . Deise D.R. . Henriques . 2012 . A new dinosaur (Theropoda, Spinosauridae) from the Cretaceous (Cenomanian) Alcântara Formation, Cajual Island, Brazil . Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências . 83 . 1 . 99–108 . 0001-3765 . 10.1590/S0001-37652011000100006. 21437377 . free .
- Medeiros . Manuel Alfredo . Lindoso . Rafael Motos . Mendes . Ighor Dienes . Carvalho . Ismar de Souza . The Cretaceous (Cenomanian) continental record of the Laje do Coringa flagstone (Alcântara Formation), northeastern South America . Journal of South American Earth Sciences . 2014 . 53 . 50–58 . 10.1016/j.jsames.2014.04.002. 2014JSAES..53...50M .
- Medeiros . Manuel Alfredo . Large theropod teeth from the Eocenomanian of northeastern Brazil and the occurrence of Spinosauridae . Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia . 2006 . 9 . 3 . 333–338 . 10.4072/rbp.2006.3.08. free .
- Letizio LA, Bertini RJ, Medeiros MA . New evidence of putative Unenlagiinae (Deinonychosauria, Theropoda) in the São Luís-Grajaú Basin, Albian–Cenomanian, State of Maranhão, Brazil . 2022-07-16 . Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia . 25 . 2. 157–164 . 10.4072/rbp.2022.2.05 . free .
- Kellner . A.W.A. . Pinheiro, A.E.P.. Azevedo, S.A.K.. Henriques, D.D.R.. de Carvalho, L.B.. Oliveira, G.R. . 88042701 . 2009 . A new crocodyliform from the Alcântara Formation (Cenomanian), Cajual Island, Brazil . Zootaxa . 2030 . 49–58. 10.11646/zootaxa.2030.1.4 .
- Hsiou . A. S. . Albino . A. M. . Medeiros . M. A. . Santos . R. A. B. . The oldest Brazilian snakes from the early Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) . Acta Palaeontologica Polonica . 2013 . 10.4202/app.2012.0091. 635–642. 59. 3. free . 11336/99860 . free .
- Neves . Gabrielle S. . Medeiros . Manuel Alfredo . Dutheil . Didier B. . Brito . Paulo M. . First record of Aegyptobatus (Hybodontiformes: Distobatidae) in the Cretaceous Alcântara formation (?Albian-Cenomanian) of Maranhão, Northeastern Brazil . Historical Biology . 26 July 2024 . 1–7 . 10.1080/08912963.2024.2379031.
- Pereira, A.A. . Medeiros, M.A. . 2008 . A new sclerorhynchiform (Elasmobranchii) from the middle Cretaceous of Brazil . Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia . 11 . 3 . 207–212 . 10.4072/rbp.2008.3.07. free .
- Toledo, C.E. . Sousa, E.P. . Medeiros, M.A. . Bertini, R.J. . 2011. A new genus of dipnoiformes from the Cretaceous of Brazil. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências. 83. 4. 1181–1192. 10.1590/s0001-37652011000400006. 22146953 . free. 11449/25070. free.
- Eliane Pinheiro De Sousa . Manuel Alfredo Medeiros . Carlos Eduardo Vieira Toledo . Reinaldo J. Bertini . Agostinha Araújo Pereira . Rafael Matos Lindoso . 2015 . A new species of Equinoxiodus (Dipnoi: ?Neoceratodontidae) from the Late Cretaceous of Brazil . Zootaxa . 3905 . 3 . 397–406 . 10.11646/zootaxa.3905.3.5 . 25661218 .
- Medeiros, M.A., Carvalho, M.S.S., Silva, M.A.M., Pereira, A.A., Araujo, M.N., Ferreira, N.N., Vilas Bôas, I., 2011. O senhor dos rios: Mawsonia gigas (Mawsoniidae) do Cenomaniano do Maranhão, Brasil. In: Carvalho, I.S., Srivastava, N.K., Strohschoen, J.O., Lana, C.C. (Eds.), Paleontologia: Cenários de Vida, Vol. 4. Interciência, Rio de Janeiro, pp. 575-583.
