Alain Carpentier Explained

Alain Frédéric Carpentier
Birth Date:	1933 8, df=yes
Birth Place:	Toulouse, Haute-Garonne
Fields:	Heart Surgery
Workplaces:	Pierre and Marie Curie University
Known For:	Mitral Valve Repair
Awards:	Prix mondial Cino Del Duca (1996), Medallion for Scientific Achievement (2005), Lasker Prize (2007)

Alain Frédéric Carpentier (born 11 August 1933) is a French surgeon whom the President of the American Association for Thoracic Surgery calls the father of modern mitral valve repair. He is most well known for the development and popularization of a number of mitral valve repair techniques. In 1996, he performed the first minimally invasive mitral valve repair in the world and in 1998 he performed the first robotic mitral valve repair with the DaVinci robot prototype.^[1] He is the recipient of the 2007 Lasker Prize.

Biography

He received his MD from the University of Paris in 1966 and his PhD from the same university in 1975. A professor emeritus at Pierre and Marie Curie University, in the 1980s Carpentier published a landmark paper on mitral valve repair entitled The French Correction. A visiting professor at Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City, he currently heads the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery at the Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou in Paris. In 1986, he and Gilles Dreyfus performed the first artificial heart implant in Europe.^[2]

Carpentier is a member of the French Academy of Sciences and sits on the Board of Directors of the World Heart Foundation. The recipient of numerous awards, including the 1996 Prix mondial Cino Del Duca, in 2005 the American Association for Thoracic Surgery (AATS) bestowed its Medallion for Scientific Achievement for only the fifth time in its history. In announcing Carpentier as the recipient, the AATS also noted that he is "one of the foremost medical philanthropists in the world, having established a premier cardiac center in Vietnam a decade ago where over 1,000 open-heart cases are now performed annually. In addition, he has founded cardiac surgery programs in 17 French-speaking countries in Africa."In October 2001 he received an Honorary Doctor of Medicine and Surgery degree from University of Pavia.^[3]

In 2006, Carpentier received considerable media attention in the United States as the surgeon who performed an emergency mitral valve repair procedure on Charlie Rose when the PBS television interviewer fell ill while en route to Damascus to interview Syrian President Bashar al-Assad.

In 1989, Carpentier pioneered work to use the patient's own skeletal muscle (the latimissus dorsi muscle) to repair the failing myocardium, a procedure known as cardiomyoplasty, which has since advanced into the exciting realms of tissue engineering science.^{[4] [5]} In 2008, Carpentier announced a fully implantable artificial heart will be ready for clinical trial by 2011, and for alternative to transplant in 2013. It was developed and will be manufactured by him, Biomedical firm Carmat, and venture capital firm Truffle. The prototype uses electronic sensors and is made from chemically treated animal tissues, called "biomaterials," or a "pseudo-skin" of biosynthetic, microporous materials, amid another US team's prototype called 2005 MagScrew Total Artificial Heart, and Japan and South Korea researchers are racing to produce similar projects.^{[6] [7]} The first clinical trial are under process since 2013.

From 2009 to 2012, Carpentier was vice-president and then president of the French Academy of Sciences.^[8]

Publications

• Alain Carpentier, David Adams and Farzan Filsoufi (2010). Carpentier's reconstructive valve surgery. Missouri: Saunders Elsevier. 368 pp. . Illustrated by Alain Carpentier and Marcia Williams.
• Chauvaud S, Carpentier A . Ebstein's anomaly: the Broussais approach . Multimedia Manual of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. 74 . 2 . 438–43 . June 2008 . 24415583. 10.1510/mmcts.2007.003038.
• Cortes-Morichetti M, Frati G, Schussler O . Association between a cell-seeded collagen matrix and cellular cardiomyoplasty for myocardial support and regeneration . Tissue Engineering . 13 . 11 . 2681–7 . November 2007 . 17691866 . 10.1089/ten.2006.0447 . etal.
• Chachques JC, Azarine A, Mousseaux E, El Serafi M, Cortes-Morichetti M, Carpentier AF . MRI evaluation of local myocardial treatments: epicardial versus endocardial (Cell-Fix catheter) injections . Journal of Interventional Cardiology . 20 . 3 . 188–96 . June 2007 . 17524110 . 10.1111/j.1540-8183.2007.00255.x.
• Martinod E, Seguin A, Holder-Espinasse M . Tracheal regeneration following tracheal replacement with an allogenic aorta . The Annals of Thoracic Surgery . 79 . 3 . 942–8; discussion 949 . March 2005 . 15734409 . 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2004.08.035. etal.
• Chachques JC, Duarte F, Cattadori B . Angiogenic growth factors and/or cellular therapy for myocardial regeneration: a comparative study . The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery . 128 . 2 . 245–53 . August 2004 . 15282461 . 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2004.04.007. etal. free .
• 14992951 . 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2003.09.081 . 77 . 3 . Cellular cardiomyoplasty: clinical application . March 2004 . Ann. Thorac. Surg. . 1121–30 . Chachques JC, Acar C, Herreros J. etal. 10171/18566 . free . ]
• Martinod E, Seguin A, Pfeuty K . Long-term evaluation of the replacement of the trachea with an autologous aortic graft . The Annals of Thoracic Surgery . 75 . 5 . 1572–8; discussion 1578 . May 2003 . 12735581 . 10.1016/S0003-4975(03)00120-6. etal.
• Chachques JC, Argyriadis PG, Fontaine G . Right ventricular cardiomyoplasty: 10-year follow-up . The Annals of Thoracic Surgery . 75 . 5 . 1464–8 . May 2003 . 12735563 . 10.1016/S0003-4975(02)04823-3. etal. free .
• Zakine G, Martinod E, Fornes P . Growth factors improve latissimus dorsi muscle vascularization and trophicity after cardiomyoplasty . The Annals of Thoracic Surgery . 75 . 2 . 549–54 . February 2003 . 12607671 . 10.1016/S0003-4975(02)04332-1. etal.
• Grinda JM, Latremouille C, Berrebi AJ . Aortic cusp extension valvuloplasty for rheumatic aortic valve disease: midterm results . The Annals of Thoracic Surgery . 74 . 2 . 438–43 . August 2002 . 12173826 . 10.1016/S0003-4975(02)03698-6. etal. free .

Honors

• Honorary degree, University of Pavia, 2001

References

• News: AATS to honor Professor Alain Carpentier . 10–13 April 2005 . AATS Daily News . 1 . 8 July 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100705063447/http://www.aats.org/multimedia/files/AnnualMeeting/2005/AATS05_DailyNews_Tuesday.pdf . 5 July 2010 . dead .

Notes and References

1. Book: Adams . David . Cohn . Lawrence . Cardiac Surgery in the Adult 5/e . McGraw Hill .
2. https://www.orlandosentinel.com/1986/02/19/artificial-heart-15/ Artificial Heart
3. Web site: Volti di laureati ad honorem . 2023-01-19 . Associazione Laureati UniPV . it-IT.
4. Book: A., Carpentier, Alain, 1933- Chachques, Juan-Carlos. Grandjean, Pierre. Cardiac bioassist. 1997. Futura Pub. Co. 978-0879936471. 35651227.
5. Chachques. Juan C.. Shafy. A.B. Abdel. Duarte. Fabricio. Cattadori. Barbara. Goussef. Nathalie. Shen. Lin. Carpentier. Alain. 2002. From Dynamic to Cellular Cardiomyoplasty. Journal of Cardiac Surgery. en. 17. 3. 194–200. 10.1111/j.1540-8191.2002.tb01199.x. 12489902. 42923537. 0886-0440. free.
6. News: 27 October 2008 . Total artificial heart to be ready by 2011: research team . . 8 July 2009 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20091201135112/http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5iIwgL3sqXqQD-rnoeEOjEYgZId3g . 1 December 2009 .
7. News: Adam . Sage . 28 October 2008 . Scientists develop artificial heart that beats like the real thing . https://web.archive.org/web/20100106163636/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/health/article5026788.ece . dead . 6 January 2010 . . 8 July 2009 . London.
8. Web site: Présidents de l'Académie des sciences de 1666 à nos jours . 2015-02-12 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20141112092133/http://www.academie-sciences.fr/academie/membre/liste_president.htm . 12 November 2014 .