| Al-Malazz | |
| Governing Body: | Baladiyah Al Malaz |
| Native Name Lang: | ar |
| Pushpin Map: | Saudi Arabia#Asia |
| Demographics1 Info1: | Arabic |
| Demographics1 Title1: | Official |
| Demographics Type1: | Language |
| Founder: | Saud bin Abdulaziz |
| Native Name: | حي الملز |
| Subdivision Name2: | Riyadh |
| Subdivision Type2: | City |
| Subdivision Name: | Saudi Arabia |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Caption: | Al-Malazz, 2023 |
| Settlement Type: | Neighbourhood |
| Named For: | Al-Malaz Square |
| Established Title: | Established |
| Established Date: | 1954 |
Al-Malazz (Arabic: حي الملز|translit=ḥaī al-Malaz), formerly al-Riyadh al-Jadidah (The New Riyadh)[1] and the Red Sea neighborhood,[2] is a commercial and residential neighborhood and the seat of the sub-municipality of its namesake, al-Malaz, in downtown Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Named after the al-Malaz Square (now King Abdullah Park), it was built between 1954 and 1957 by King Saud bin Abdulaziz as a housing project for government employees and was later developed into a full-fledged district. The neighborhood has a large presence of overseas Syrian community alongside native Saudi nationals.[3]
It is the very first modern locality in the city, alongside the al-Nassiriyah district, which replaced the vernacular Najdi architecture with a modern one.[4] The area is also popular for hosting several iconic landmarks, supermarkets, streets and government ministries.[5]
Prior to its development and during the early days of Saudi Arabia's establishment, the area had several names such as Abu Makhruq, Wattah[6] [7] and al-Khirbat. The area barely had buildings or streets except an equestrian field, known as al-Malaz Square, where King Abdulaziz ibn Saud enjoyed horse racing shows and from where the locality adopted the name Al Malaz by the end of his reign,[8] which was later shifted to Jenadriyah Farm in 2002.[9] After the ascension of King Saud bin Abdulaziz to the throne in 1953, he initiated the relocation of government ministries from Jeddah to Riyadh.[10] In order to meet the accommodation needs of the employees, he launched the 'Al-Malaz Housing Project' of almost 750 villas for the same. According to scholar Faisal al-Mubarak, Al-Malaz was a large-scale housing development encompassing 754 single-family homes, 340 apartment units, and a plethora of supporting facilities including a municipal hall, a library, a fire station, schools, a market, and recreation and health facilities.[11]
In 1957, the first campus of Riyadh University was established in the area, followed by Riyadh Zoo. In 1958, the Al Yamamah Hotel was completed. The Royal Secondary Industrial Institute was built in 1959. The neighbourhood saw rapid development and expansion during the economic boom of the late 1970s and early 1980s,[12] which later included several shopping centres, schools and restaurants.