Al-Mu'ayyad (newspaper) explained

Type:	Daily newspaper
Owners:	-->
Founder:	Ali Yusuf
Foundation:	1889
Language:	Arabic
Ceased Publication:	1900
Headquarters:	Cairo
Publishing Country:	Egypt

Al-Mu'ayyad (Arabic: The Supporter) was an Arabic daily newspaper published in Egypt in the period 1889 to 1900. It was one of the influential dailies of that period in Egypt.

History and profile

Al-Mu'ayyad was launched by Ali Yusuf in 1889.^{[1] [2]} He also edited the paper.^{[3] [4]} Al-Mu'ayyad was considered to be an anti-imperialist and pan-Islamic publication and received covert funding from Khedive Abbas Hilmi.^{[5] [6]} It frequently published articles praising the Khedive emphasizing his closeness to his subjects.^[7] The paper was one of the Egyptian publications which advocated Jamal al-Din al-Afghani's ijtihad view.^[8]

As of 1897 the paper had nearly six thousands subscribers like Al-Ahram and Al Muqattam.^[9] There was a heated debate between Al-Mu'ayyad and Al Muqattam during the British occupation of Egypt between 1892 and 1914 in that the latter was an ardent supporter of the British and Al-Mu'ayyad a militant supporter of the independence of Egypt.^[9]

One of the most significant contributors of Al-Mu'ayyad was Mustafa Kamil Pasha. The paper was closed down by the British authorities in 1900.^[10] Following this incident Mustafa Kamil Pasha established his own newspaper, Al Liwa, to publish his views.^[10]

Al-Mu'ayyad returned as a weekly, published until 1914.^[11]

Notes and References

1. Book: Marilyn Booth. What's in a Name? Branding Punch in Cairo, 1908 . Marilyn Booth. Hans Harder. Barbara Mittler. Asian Punches. 2013. Springer. Berlin; Heidelberg. 978-3-642-28606-3. 271. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28607-0_12. Transcultural Research – Heidelberg Studies on Asia and Europe in a Global Context. 10.1007/978-3-642-28607-0_12.
2. Book: Rashid Khalidi. et.al.. The Origins of Arab Nationalism. Columbia University Press. 1991. 978-0-231-07435-3. https://books.google.com/books?id=21v9mTP_jsUC&pg=PA278. Beth Baron. 271. New York. Mothers, Morality, and Nationalism in pre-1919 Egypt.
3. Helen A. Kitchen. "Al-Ahram": The "Times" of the Arab World. The Middle East Journal. April 1950. 4. 167. 2. 4322163.
4. Aida Najjar. . The Arabic Press and Nationalism in Palestine, 1920-1948. Syracuse University. 21. 9781083851468. PhD. 1975. Aida Najjar.
5. Encyclopedia: Abbas II (Egypt). 15th. 2010. Encyclopædia Britannica. I: A-Ak - Bayes. Chicago, IL. 978-1-59339-837-8. 8–9. registration.
6. Robert L. Tignor. Book review. The Middle East Journal. Autumn 2020. 74. 3. 466.
7. Kristin Shawn Tassin. Egyptian nationalism, 1882-1919: Elite competition, transnational networks, empire, and independence. University of Texas at Austin. 32. PhD. 2014. 2152/28411.
8. Indira Falk Gesink. "Chaos on the Earth": Subjective Truths versus Communal Unity in Islamic Law and the Rise of Militant Islam. The American Historical Review. 108. 3. 2003. 10.1086/529594. 727.
9. 2005. Stephen Sheehi. Arabic Literary-Scientific Journals: Precedence for Globalization and the Creation of Modernity. 25. 2. Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East. 10.1215/1089201X-25-2-439. 442,445. 143166875.
10. Book: Henry Louis Gates. Emmanuel Akyeampong. Steven J. Niven. 2011. Dictionary of African Biography. Oxford University Press. 9780199857258. Kamil, Mustafa (1874–1908). Haggai Erlich. 10.1093/acref/9780195382075.001.0001. https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195382075.001.0001/acref-9780195382075-e-1009. Oxford; New York.
11. Partial holdings at Web site: Al-Muʼayyad | CRL Digital Delivery System . Center for Research Libraries .