| Aknīste | |
| Settlement Type: | Town |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: |  Latvia |
| Subdivision Type1: | Municipality |
| Subdivision Name1: | Jēkabpils Municipality |
| Established Title: | Town rights |
| Established Date: | 1991 |
| Pushpin Map: | Latvia |
| Pushpin Label Position: | above |
| Pushpin Mapsize: | 300 |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location in Latvia |
| Coordinates: | 56.15°N 69°W |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal code |
| Postal Code: | LV-5208 |
| Area Code Type: | Calling code |
| Area Code: | +371 652 |
| Timezone1: | EET |
| Utc Offset1: | +2 |
| Timezone1 Dst: | EEST |
| Utc Offset1 Dst: | +3 |
Aknīste (; Lithuanian: Aknysta; Polish: Oknista) is a town in Jēkabpils Municipality in the Selonia region of Latvia, situated near the Lithuanian border. The town is located near the river Dienvidsusēja. Prior to the 2009 administrative reforms, it was part of Jēkabpils District.
The town name, Aknīste, was first mentioned in 1298. From the 17th century, the settlement was a panhandle of Lithuania, and after the partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, it became a part of the Kovno Governorate of the Russian Empire. During 1918, it was part of Lithuania, but in 1921, Lithuania exchanged Aknīste for Palanga.
The settlement was the site of a mass killing of Jewish residents, during the Nazi occupation of the Baltic States.[1] After German occupation forces arrived in Aknīste around the 25th of June, they created defence groups (Schutzmänner) mainly composed of Latvians. The Aknīste group was commanded by the Latvian War of Independence veteran J. Valdmanis, who had fought against Bolshevik forces as a partisan during the war. On the 17th (or the 4th depending on the source) of July 1941, local Jews were rounded up into the hotel "Austrija", with O. Baltmanis, the commander of the Ilūkste region SS einsatzgruppe, an unknown SS oberleutnant, and two SS soldiers present, under the premises that the Jews were to be transported to the Daugavpils ghetto. On the 18th of July, under the orders of O. Baltmanis, and disobeying of said order by J. Valdmanis, the Jews were executed in the yard of the hotel by Baltmanis' Schutzmänner gathered from other parts of Ilūkste.[2]
In 1991, Aknīste was granted its town status.