Akhilesh Reddy Explained

Akhilesh Reddy
Nationality:British
Fields:Neuroscience
Chronobiology
Genetics
Pharmacology
Workplaces:Francis Crick Institute
MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
Alma Mater:University of Cambridge

Akhilesh Reddy is a British physician-scientist. He completed the MB/PhD program at the University of Cambridge where he received a PhD from the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology.[1] He previously was a Wellcome Trust Senior Fellow in Clinical Sciences at the University of Cambridge and Fellow of St John's College, Cambridge. He is currently an associate professor of pharmacology at the University of Pennsylvania.[2]

Research

In 2011, Reddy's research group demonstrated the existence of circadian clocks within human red blood cells (erythrocytes).[3] Since human red blood cells lack a nucleus, and therefore DNA, the circadian clock posited by Reddy's group did not rely on the transcription and translation of DNA as its basis. The circadian clock observed in red blood cells could be interpreted as a form of biochemical or chemical clock, extending over a prolonged 24-hour timeframe.[4] Sir Christopher Dobson, a British Chemist, drew parallels between this red blood cell clock, and established short-period oscillations in chemical systems.

In collaboration with the research team led by Andrew Millar in Edinburgh, Reddy's group demonstrating 24-hour oscillations that manifest in marine algae without necessitating RNA production.[5] This demonstrated circadian rhythms in higher organisms that did not require the involvement of new RNA formation.

In 2012, Reddy's research group demonstrated that redox circadian oscillations are universally present across evolutionary epochs, spanning from bacteria to humans. To show this, they used peroxiredoxin proteins, a novel molecular perspective into circadian dynamics.[6] Michael Rosbash stated this finding challenged conventional animal models that emphasized PER-CLK transcription. Rosbash underscored the emerging consideration of metabolism and peroxiredoxin hyperoxidation in the orchestration of circadian rhythms.[7]

In 2018, Reddy's team showed the link between core glucose metabolism and circadian transcriptional oscillations, as well as non-canonical circadian rhythms in clock-less fruit fly cells.[8] These findings show that there continues to be an incomplete understanding of molecular circadian rhythms in a range of organisms.[9]

Controversy

In December 2019, Reddy underwent a hearing at the Medical Practitioners Tribunal regarding alleged overpayment by both University College of London and the University of Cambridge.[10] Reddy was suspended for nine months from the medical practice in the United Kingdom; the case is subject to an appeal in the High Court, and sanctions have not yet been applied.

Awards

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Dr Akhilesh Reddy Bio at the Lister Institute . 16 May 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151106084333/http://www.lister-institute.org.uk/dr-akhilesh-reddy/ . 6 November 2015 . dead.
  2. Web site: Akhilesh B. Reddy, MA MB BChir PhD FRCP . Perelman School of Medicine . University of Pennsylvania . 12 January 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200112192738/https://www.med.upenn.edu/apps/faculty/index.php/g275/p9140206 . 12 January 2020 . live .
  3. Circadian clocks in human red blood cells . . 469 . 7331 . 498–503 . 10.1038/nature09702 . 26 January 2011 . John S. . O'Neill . Akhilesh B. . Reddy . 21270888 . 3040566. 2011Natur.469..498O .
  4. Dobson . Christopher M. . 2014 . Dynamics and Timekeeping in Biological Systems . Annual Review of Biochemistry . 83 . 1 . 159–164 . 10.1146/annurev-biochem-013014-102724 . 24606145. free .
  5. Circadian rhythms persist without transcription in a eukaryote . Nature . 469 . 7331 . 26 January 2011 . John S. . O'Neill . Gerben . van Ooijen . Laura E. . Dixon . Carl . Troein . Florence . Corellou . François-Yves . Bouget . Akhilesh B. . Reddy . Andrew J. . Millar . 10.1038/nature09654 . 554–558 . 21270895 . 3040569. 2011Natur.469..554O .
  6. Peroxiredoxins are conserved markers of circadian rhythms . 485 . 7399 . Nature . 459–464 . Rachel S. Edgar . Edward W. Green . Yuwei Zhao . Gerben van Ooijen . Maria Olmedo . Ximing Qin . Yao Xu . Min Pan . Utham K. Valekunja . Kevin A. Feeney . Elizabeth S. Maywood . Michael H. Hastings . Nitin S. Baliga . Martha Merrow. Martha Merrow . Andrew J. Millar . Carl H. Johnson . Charalambos P. Kyriacou . John S. O'Neill . Akhilesh B. Reddy . 10.1038/nature11088 . 16 May 2012 . 22622569 . 3398137. 2012Natur.485..459E .
  7. Rosbash . Michael . 2017-06-09 . A 50-Year Personal Journey: Location, Gene Expression, and Circadian Rhythms . Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology . en . a032516 . 10.1101/cshperspect.a032516 . 1943-0264 . 28600396. free . 9 . 12 . 5710103 .
  8. Rey . Guillaume . Milev . Nikolay B . Valekunja . Utham K . Ch . Ratnasekhar . Ray . Sandipan . Silva Dos Santos . Mariana . Nagy . Andras D . Antrobus . Robin . MacRae . James I . Reddy . Akhilesh B . 2018-08-01 . Metabolic oscillations on the circadian time scale in Drosophila cells lacking clock genes . Molecular Systems Biology . 14 . 8 . e8376 . 10.15252/msb.20188376 . 1744-4292 . 6078164 . 30072421.
  9. Ode . Koji L . Ueda . Hiroki R . 2018-09-24 . Lost in clocks: non-canonical circadian oscillation discovered in Drosophila cells . Molecular Systems Biology . 14 . 9 . e8567 . 10.15252/msb.20188567 . 1744-4292 . 6151625 . 30249605.
  10. News: Cambridge and UCL professor 'did not notice' double salaries . BBC News . 2019-12-31 . 2020-01-12 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200102223203/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-cambridgeshire-50956380 . 2 January 2020 . live .
  11. Web site: ASCI - The American Society for Clinical Investigation. the-asci.org. 18 May 2015.
  12. Web site: 2012 Lister Prize for Ak Reddy . 2012-05-10 . Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science . 2020-01-13 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200113161554/https://www.mrl.ims.cam.ac.uk/blog/2012-lister-prize-for-ak-reddy/ . 13 January 2020 . live .
  13. Web site: Colworth Medal for Trust Fellow. Wellcome Trust Blog. 18 May 2015. Mun-Keat. Looi. https://web.archive.org/web/20150421014740/http://blog.wellcome.ac.uk/2011/03/03/colworth-medal-for-trust-fellow/. 21 April 2015. dead.
  14. Web site: Dr Akhilesh Reddy awarded Colworth Medal. St John. 18 May 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20160303231203/http://www.joh.cam.ac.uk/dr-akhilesh-reddy-awarded-colworth-medal. 3 March 2016. live.
  15. Web site: The Colworth Medal . www.biochemistry.org . 2020-01-13 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20140506015138/http://www.biochemistry.org/awards/thecolworthmedal.aspx . 6 May 2014 .
  16. Web site: Foulkes Foundation Medal " The Foulkes Foundation. foulkes-foundation.org. 18 May 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20160303212233/http://www.foulkes-foundation.org/category/foulkes-medal/. 3 March 2016. dead. dmy-all.
  17. Web site: Foulkes Foundation Medal Academy of Medical Sciences. www.acmedsci.ac.uk. 18 May 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304002326/http://www.acmedsci.ac.uk/about/objectives/promoting-excellence/foulkes-foundation-medal/. 4 March 2016. live.
  18. Web site: FEBS Anniversary Prize der GBM – Homepage der Gesellschaft für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie e.V.. gbm-online.de. de. 23 October 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171023230856/https://www.gbm-online.de/preise-und-auszeichnungen-details/febs-anniversary-prize-der-gbm.html. 23 October 2017. live.
  19. News: Biography The Francis Crick Institute. The Francis Crick Institute. 23 October 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171024042904/https://www.crick.ac.uk/research/a-z-researchers/researchers-p-s/akhilesh-b-reddy/biography/. 24 October 2017. dead.

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