Akademik Shokalskiy Explained

MV Akademik Shokalskiy (Russian: Академик Шокальский) is an ice-strengthened ship, built in Finland in 1982 and originally used for oceanographic research.[1] In 1998 she was fully refurbished to serve as a research ship for Arctic and Antarctic work; she is used also for expedition cruising. She is named after the Russian oceanographer Yuly Shokalsky.[2]

For two weeks from 25 December 2013 Akademik Shokalskiy was trapped in thick ice in Commonwealth Bay, Antarctica, while operating an expedition for the Australasian Antarctic Expedition 2013–2014. The scientists and passengers were evacuated on 2 January.

Use as cruise ship

The ship has two passenger decks, with dining rooms, a bar, a library, and a sauna, and accommodates 54 passengers.[3] She is owned by the Russian Federation's Far Eastern Hydrometeorological Research Institute, Vladivostok and was previously chartered to Aurora Expeditions, an Australian expedition cruise line. It is currently operated by Chimu Adventures an Australian Tour operator departing from Hobart to East Antarctica. In 2011, Akademik Shokalskiy sailed cruises along the coast of Russia, including the Northeast Passage, and to East Antarctica.[4] [5]

Icebound in Antarctica

In 2013 Akademik Shokalskiy was chartered by the Australasian Antarctic Expedition 2013–2014 to celebrate the centenary of the previous expedition under Douglas Mawson, and to repeat his scientific observations.[6] The expedition had nine scientific goals related to observations, mapping, and measurements of environmental, biological, and marine changes associated with climate change.[6] On 8 December 2013 the ship, with 74 people on board — four journalists, 19 scientists, 26 tourists, the expedition leader's wife and two children, and 22 crew members — sailed from Bluff in New Zealand to Antarctica.[7] [8] Around 07:20 AEDT on 25 December 2013, the ship broadcast a distress message after becoming trapped in heavy ice a few miles from the coast of Antarctica, east of the French base Dumont D'Urville and approximately south of Hobart.[7] Chinese icebreaking research vessel Xuě Lóng, French research vessel and Australian icebreaker were dispatched by the Australian Maritime Safety Authority to assist with the rescue operation of Akademik Shokalskiy.[7]

Xuě Lóng, which arrived first, was prevented by thick sea ice from coming closer than about from Akademik Shokalskiy. However it remained in open water nearby as it carried a helicopter, which ultimately was deployed later for the rescue operation.[9] L'Astrolabe also turned back after encountering heavy ice.[9] Aurora Australis, arriving two days later, abandoned its attempt about from the stranded ship, as the ice was too thick to be broken and because of the risk of also becoming trapped in the ice.[10]

On 2 January 2014, Akademik Shokalskiys 52 passengers were evacuated to Aurora Australis by Xuě Lóngs helicopter, which transferred them between temporary ice helipads alongside each vessel.[11] The original plan was to helicopter the passengers to Xuě Lóng, then transfer them to Aurora Australis by boat, but the Chinese icebreaker had become trapped by ice.[11] After the rescue, Aurora Australis continued on her original mission to resupply Casey Station, before returning to Hobart on 22 January.[12] [13] The 22 Akademik Shokalskiy crew were required by their employment contracts to stay aboard until the ship could be freed.[14]

On 4 January 2014, the American heavy icebreaker was dispatched from Sydney, Australia to assist Akademik Shokalskiy and Xuě Lóng at the request of Australian authorities.[15] However, on 8 January the Australian Maritime Safety Authority confirmed that both vessels had broken free and were proceeding to open water, and later the same day Polar Star was released to scheduled duties.[16] On 14 January Akademik Shokalskiy returned to the port of Bluff.[17]

Environmental writer Andrew Revkin criticized the scientists on board Akademik Shokalskiy, stating that "important and costly field research in Antarctica has been seriously disrupted" by an "unessential" mission.[18] He also commended an article by Professor Michael Robinson of University of Hartford, which noted that the expedition aimed to use Mawson's observations as a baseline for their own scientific findings "that will illuminate Antarctica's future, not its past. As such, the voyage will prove to be well worth the time and effort."[19]

References

Notes

External links

Notes and References

  1. News: Doug. Wright. Ex-navy vessel in new role. Otago Daily Times. 29 November 2010. 25 April 2011.
  2. News: Introducing Akademik Shokalskiy. The Expeditioner. August 2010. Aurora Expeditions. 2. 25 April 2011. 27 March 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110327105830/http://www.auroraexpeditions.com.au/files/uploads/expeditioner/expeditioner_aug2010.pdf. dead.
  3. Web site: Не удается найти требуемую страницу. www.rs-head.spb.ru.
  4. Web site: Matt. Hannafin. Aurora Expeditions Introduces New Russian Arctic Cruises. Frommers.com Cruise Blog. Frommer's. 24 November 2010. https://archive.today/20120730160113/http://www.frommers.com/community/blogs/cruise.cfm?plckController=Blog&plckScript=blogScript&plckElementId=blogDest&plckBlogPage=BlogViewPost&plckPostId=Blog:52f8da68-7f6d-4edc-b082-451715e6da97Post:2a8f8bce-a135-4400-9572-3a34a04028f1. dead. 30 July 2012. 25 April 2011.
  5. Web site: Aurora Expeditions. Antarctica 2011–12. October 2010. 25 April 2011. 21 August 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110821170106/http://www.auroraexpeditions.com.au/images/uploads/brochures/antarctica_2011_12.pdf. dead.
  6. Web site: Spirit of Mawson. Australasian Antarctic Expedition 2013-2014. 30 December 2013.
  7. Web site: Antarctic Rescue. Australian Maritime Safety Authority. 13 January 2014. 30 December 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131231005836/http://www.amsa.gov.au/media/media-releases/2013/index.asp. 31 December 2013. dead.
  8. News: Pearlman. Jonathan. Antarctica ship passengers prepare ice helipad after latest rescue bid fails. 30 December 2013. The Telegraph. 30 December 2014. London.
  9. News: Chinese icebreaker turns back from Antarctic rescue mission . Martinez . Michael . Yan . Holly . Yan . Cy . 28 December 2013 . CNN . 15 January 2016.
  10. News: Aurora Australis abandons attempt to save Akademik Shokalskiy in Antarctica . Phillips . Nicky . Traveller . Fairfax Media . 30 December 2013 . 15 January 2016.
  11. News: Akademik Shokalskiy rescue: tears of joy as passengers come in from the cold . Phillips . Nicky . Traveller . Fairfax Media . 3 January 2014 . 15 January 2016.
  12. News: Australian Associated Press . 16 January 2016 . Australian icebreaker heading home . SBS . 15 January 2016.
  13. News: Australian Associated Press . Antarctic cruise routes face scrutiny . SBS . 22 January 2014 . 15 January 2016.
  14. Web site: Dell'Amore . Christine . Antarctic Ship Rescue: 5 Lessons From the Trapped-Vessel Drama . https://web.archive.org/web/20140102213731/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/01/140102-antarctica-ship-trapped-ice-rescue-akademik-shokalskiy-world-science/ . dead . 2 January 2014 . 4 January 2014 . National Geographic . 15 January 2016.
  15. News: Yahoo News . 4 January 2014 . US icebreaker heads to Antarctic to help stuck ships . https://web.archive.org/web/20140108051226/http://news.yahoo.com/us-icebreaker-heads-antarctic-help-stuck-ships-210419227.html . 8 January 2014 . 15 January 2016.
  16. Web site: Antarctic rescue operations complete. Australian Maritime Safety Authority. 15 January 2016. 8 January 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20160303214654/http://amsa.gov.au/media/documents/080114_Rescueoperationscomplete.pdf. 3 March 2016. dead.
  17. News: Akademik Shokalskiy arrives in Bluff . 15 January 2016 . The Southland Times . 14 January 2014.
  18. News: Revkin. Andrew. Rescue Efforts for Trapped Antarctic Voyage Disrupt Serious Science. 5 January 2014. The New York Times. 31 December 2013.
  19. News: Robinson. Michael. Ship Stuck in Antarctica Raises Questions About Worth of Reenacting Expeditions. https://web.archive.org/web/20140102065543/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/12/131230-antarctica-ship-ice-rescue-expedition-reenactment-opinions-mawson/?now=2013-12-30-00:01. dead. 2 January 2014. 5 January 2014. National Geographic Daily News. 30 December 2013.

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