Ajuga Explained

Ajuga,^[1] also known as bugleweed,^[2] ground pine,^[3] carpet bugle, or just bugle, is a genus of flowering plants in the Ajugeae tribe of the mint family Lamiaceae. There are over 60 species^[4] of annual or perennial, mostly herbaceous plants.^[5] They are native to Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia.^[4]

They grow to 5–50 cm (2–20 in) tall, with opposite leaves.^[6]

Species

Species accepted within Ajuga include:

• Ajuga arabica P.H.Davis – Saudi Arabia
• Ajuga australis R.Br. - Australia
• Ajuga bombycina Boiss. – Aegean Islands, Turkey
• Ajuga boninsimae Maxim. – Ogasawara-shoto (Bonin Islands of Japan)
• Ajuga brachystemon Maxim. – Uttarakhand, Nepal, northern India
• Ajuga campylantha Diels – Yunnan
• Ajuga campylanthoides C.Y.Wu & C.Chen – Tibet, central China
• Ajuga chamaecistus Ging. ex Benth. – Iran, Afghanistan
• Ajuga chamaepitys (L.) Schreb. – central + southern Europe, central + southwestern Asia
• Ajuga chasmophila P.H.Davis – Syria
• Ajuga ciliata Bunge – China, Korea, Japan
• Ajuga davisiana Kit Tan & Yildiz – Turkey
• Ajuga decaryana Danguy ex R.A.Clement – Madagascar
• Ajuga decumbens Thunb. – decumbent bugle^[7] – China, Korea, Japan, Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands
• Ajuga dictyocarpa Hayata – - China, Vietnam, Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands
• Ajuga fauriei H.Lév. & Vaniot – Korea
• Ajuga flaccida Baker – Madagascar
• Ajuga forrestii Diels – China, Tibet, Nepal
• Ajuga genevensis L. – central + southern Europe, Caucasus; naturalized in North America
• Ajuga grandiflora Stapf – South Australia
• Ajuga incisia Maxim – Honshu Island in Japan
• Ajuga integrifolia Buch.-Ham. – central + eastern Africa, southern Asia (Saudi Arabia, Iran, India, China, Indonesia, etc.), New Guinea
• Ajuga iva (L.) Schreb. – Mediterranean region from Canary Islands and Madeira to Turkey and Palestine
• Ajuga japonica Miq. – Japan
• Ajuga laxmannii (Murray) Benth. – southeastern Europe from Czech Republic to Greece; Turkey, Caucasus
• Ajuga leucantha Lukhoba – Uganda, DRoC, Ethiopia
• Ajuga linearifolia Pamp. – China
• Ajuga lobata D.Don – China, Nepal, Bhutan, Assam, Myanmar
• Ajuga lupulina Maxim. - China, Nepal, Bhutan, Assam
• Ajuga macrosperma Wall. ex Benth. – China, Nepal, Bhutan, Assam, northern + eastern India, northern Indochina
• Ajuga makinoi Nakai – Honshu Island in Japan
• Ajuga mollis Gladkova – Crimea
• Ajuga multiflora Bunge – Korean pyramid bugle – China, Korea, Chita region of Siberia, Amur, Primorye
• Ajuga nipponensis Makino – China, Korea, Japan, Vietnam, Taiwan
• Ajuga novoguineensis A.J.Paton & R.J.Johns – New Guinea
• Ajuga nubigena Diels – Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan
• Ajuga oblongata M.Bieb. – Iraq, Caucasus
• Ajuga oocephala Baker – Madagascar
• Ajuga ophrydris Burch. ex Benth. – South Africa, Eswatini, Lesotho
• Ajuga orientalis L. – eastern Mediterranean
• Ajuga ovalifolia Bureau & Franch. – China
• Ajuga palaestina - Palestine (Region), Turkey^[8]
• Ajuga pantantha Hand.-Mazz. – Yunnan
• Ajuga parviflora Benth. – Afghanistan, Pakistan, northern India, Nepal
• Ajuga piskoi Degen & Bald. – Albania, Yugoslavia
• Ajuga postii Briq. – Turkey
• Ajuga pygmaea A.Gray – China, Japan, Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands
• Ajuga pyramidalis L. – central + southern Europe
• Ajuga relicta P.H.Davis – Turkey
• Ajuga reptans L. – Europe, Algeria, Tunisia, Iran, Turkey, Caucasus; naturalized in New Zealand, North America, and Venezuela
• Ajuga robusta Baker – Madagascar
• Ajuga salicifolia (L.) Schreb. – Balkans, Crimea, southern Russia, Turkey
• Ajuga saxicola Assadi & Jamzad – Iran
• Ajuga sciaphila W.W.Sm..- southwestern China
• Ajuga shikotanensis Miyabe & Tatew – Japan, Kuril Islands
• Ajuga sinuata R.Br. – New South Wales
• Ajuga spectabilis Nakai – Korean bugle – Korea
• Ajuga taiwanensis Nakai ex Murata – Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands, Philippines
• Ajuga tenorii C.Presl in J.S.Presl & C.B.Presl – Italy
• Ajuga turkestanica (Regel) Briq. – Tajikistan, Uzbekistan
• Ajuga vesiculifera Herder – Kyrgyzstan
• Ajuga vestita Boiss. – Turkey, Iran
• Ajuga xylorrhiza Kit Tan – Turkey
• Ajuga yesoensis Maxim. ex Franch. & Sav. – Japan
• Ajuga zakhoensis Rech.f. – Iraq

Notes and References

1. Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607; OED: "Ajuga"
2. Bailey, L.H.; Bailey, E.Z.; the staff of the Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third: A concise dictionary of plants cultivated in the United States and Canada. Macmillan, New York.
3. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/246940/ground-pine Encyclopædia Britannica Online, retrieved February 04, 2010
4. 20646-1. Ajuga L..
5. Web site: Ajuga. Flora of China .
6. Book: Compassionate Herbs. Faber and Faber Limited. C. F. Leyel. 1946.
7. Book: English Names for Korean Native Plants . . 2015 . 978-89-97450-98-5 . Pocheon . 345 . 24 December 2016 . . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20170525105020/http://www.forest.go.kr/kna/special/download/English_Names_for_Korean_Native_Plants.pdf . 25 May 2017 .
8. Web site: Ajuga chamaepitys subsp. Palaestina (Boiss.) Bornm.