| Agnos | |
| Commune Status: | Commune |
| Arrondissement: | Oloron-Sainte-Marie |
| Canton: | Oloron-Sainte-Marie-1 |
| Insee: | 64007 |
| Postal Code: | 64400 |
| Mayor: | André Bernos[1] |
| Term: | 2020 - 2026 |
| Intercommunality: | Haut Béarn |
| Coordinates: | 43.164°N -0.618°W |
| Elevation M: | 250 |
| Elevation Min M: | 247 |
| Elevation Max M: | 535 |
| Area Km2: | 9.18 |
Agnos (in French pronounced as /aɲɔs/; Occitan (post 1500);: Anhòs) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwestern France. Agnos is part of the urban area (unité urbaine) of Oloron-Sainte-Marie.[2]
The inhabitants of the commune are known as Agnosiens or Agnosiennes.[3]
Agnos is located just 2 km south of Oloron-Sainte-Marie and some 25 km southwest of Pau. It can be accessed on the D155 road from Bidos in the northeast coming southwest to the village then continuing southeast to Gurmençon. The D555 road also passes through the commune from the north and joins the D155 northeast of the village.[4] The commune is mixed farmland and forests with the forests scattered throughout the commune.
The river Mielle, a tributary of the Gave d'Oloron (Adour basin), flows through the commune.
The commune name in béarnais is Anhos. Michel Grosclaude suggested that Agnos came from a Latin man's name Annius with an Aqitaine suffix -ossum the whole meaning "domain of Annius".
The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.
| Name | Spelling | Date | Source | Page | Origin | Description | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agnos | Anhos | 1364 | Raymond | Village | |||
| Aynhos | 14th century | Raymond | Census | ||||
| Aignos | 1675 | Raymond | Reformation | ||||
| Agnos | 18th century | Grosclaude | |||||
| Agnos | 1750 | Cassini | |||||
| La Baig | La Baig | 1863 | Raymond | Forest |
Sources:
Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, 1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. [5]
Origins:
Paul Raymond noted on page 3 of his 1863 dictionary that in 1385 Agnos had seventeen fires and depended on the bailiwick of Oloron.[5]
The commune was merged with Gurmençon on 1 February 1973 to form the commune called Val-du-Gave d'Aspe. It was restored to its previous status on 1 January 1983.
List of Successive Mayors of Agnos[10]
The town is part of five inter-communal organisations:
The activity of the commune is mainly agricultural (farming, polyculture). The town is part of the Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) of ossau-iraty.
The Church has a Trinitarian steeple (the presence of a Bell-gable or campenard). It contains many items which are registered as historical objects (although some were destroyed by fire in 1968):
The Forests of Bugangue[18] and Labaigt are inter-association woods managed by the National Office of Forests (ONF)[19] which provide valuable shelter for preserving local flora and fauna. Many species are protected. An arboretum is a result of collaboration with the ONF.[20]
The Mielle, a small stream that rises in Agnos, is listed in the Natura 2000 program for three rare species: white-clawed crayfish, European pond turtles, and the rare European mink which does not exist anywhere in France except in the south-west.
The Pyrenees are rich in scenery and the village of Agnos is the starting point of one of the most attractive routes for cycling across the foothills: From Agnos to Mail Arrouil and back (four hours of cycling or seven hours of walking) in a variety of environments, moors, rocks, meadows with views of the Pyrenees. This route, like many others, is managed by the local hiking plan of the Community of communes of Piémont Oloronais (CCPO).[21]