African American resorts explained

During the decades of segregation in the United States, African Americans established various resorts.[1] The resorts were self-contained commercial establishments. Varying resort accommodations included rooms for rent, meals and fine food, cocktail bars, dancing, sporting facilities (such as golf, horseback riding, tennis, swimming pools, fishing, badminton), and beaches.[2] Also in some cases entire communities (or towns) were known as resort areas for African Americans. The Negro Motorist Green Book helped guide African Americans to accommodating and safe places,[3] including Idlewild, Michigan, which was among the most well known.[4]

California

Colorado

Florida

Indiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Mississippi

New Jersey

New York (state)

North Carolina

Pennsylvania

South Carolina

Virginia

Washington, D.C.

West Virginia

Wisconsin

See also

Further reading

Notes and References

  1. Algeo . Katie . August 2013 . Underground Tourists/Tourists Underground: African American Tourism to Mammoth Cave . Tourism Geographies . en . 15 . 3 . 380–404 . 10.1080/14616688.2012.675514 . 1461-6688.
  2. Book: https://books.google.com/books?id=riksVFZN9XsC&pg=PA132 . Ebony . June 1963 . Johnson Publishing Company . 18 . 132 . en . Resorts . 0012-9011.
  3. Web site: January 7, 2019 . Before the Green Book, These Resorts Offered Hidden Safe Havens for Black Americans . HISTORY.
  4. Nelson . Angela M. . Idlewild: The Rise, Decline, and Rebirth of a Unique African American Resort Town . The Journal of American Culture . en . 38 . 4 . 426–427 . 10.1111/jacc.12478 . ProQuest.
  5. Web site: Walser . Lauren . June 10, 2016 . National Trust for Historic Preservation . Exploring Los Angeles County's Historic African-American Beaches . 2023-09-03 . savingplaces.org . en-US.
  6. Web site: Moultrie . George . February 21, 2013 . History of African American resorts . Lake County Star.
  7. Web site: Meares . Hadley . 2020-05-04 . A Look Back at California's Long-Lost Black Beaches and Vacation Spots . 2023-09-03 . LAmag . en.
  8. Web site: Five Views: An Ethnic Historic Site Survey for California (Black Americans) .
  9. Web site: 2021-02-12 . Nearly 100 Years Later, Black-Owned And Operated Lincoln Hills Recognized In Colorado History - CBS Colorado . 2023-09-04 . CBS News . en-US.
  10. Web site: 2022-02-16 . Gilpin County's historic Black-owned resort Lincoln Hills celebrates 100 years . 2023-09-04 . Denver 7 Colorado News (KMGH) . en.
  11. Web site: Manhattan Beach, a resort for African-Americans, once flourished in Hanna Park dunes. The Florida Times-Union.
  12. Web site: Recovering Manhattan Beach: Florida's First African American Beach Resort in the Segregated South | Beaches Museum. 28 April 2020 .
  13. Web site: Preserving Black Historical Resorts Is a Radical Act.
  14. Web site: The Inkwell, Martha's Vineyard (1890s-) • . 8 February 2013 .
  15. News: Nugent . Tom . 1 January 2003 . Idlewild, 'the Resort That Segregation Built' . Washington Post . 3 August 2023.
  16. Missouri Avenue
  17. Web site: DeSanto . John . December 22, 2019 . Story of Greenwood Forest Farms is our history . 2023-09-04 . Times Herald-Record . en-US.
  18. News: Dunning . Jennifer . 1998-12-08 . Peg Leg Bates, One-Legged Dancer, Dies at 91 . en-US . The New York Times . 2023-09-04 . 0362-4331.
  19. Web site: Green Books .
  20. Web site: BLACK HISTORY: The history of Freeman Beach. February 23, 2019.
  21. Web site: When Luxury Was a Luxury: The Rise and Fall of NC's First All-Black Resort - Cardinal & Pine. cardinalpine.com. 6 August 2021 .
  22. Web site: Hillside Inn – Where Southern Hospitality Reigns |1993-7 | ROUTES . 10 September 2020 .
  23. Web site: Va.'s Historic Black Beaches Spotlighted in New Exhibit . 21 September 2021 .
  24. Web site: Green Books. community.village.virginia.edu.
  25. News: Hodge . Paul . 1982-01-07 . Park Service to Determine Future of Historic Hains Point . en-US . Washington Post . 2023-09-04 . 0190-8286.
  26. Web site: Wisconsin's first Black-owned resort property receives historic marker . 17 October 2022 .