| Afonso Arinos | |
| Pseudonym: | Olívio Barros |
| Birth Name: | Afonso Arinos de Melo Franco |
| Birth Date: | May 1, 1868 |
| Birth Place: | Paracatu, Minas Gerais, Brazil |
| Death Place: | Barcelona, Spain |
| Nationality: | Brazilian |
Afonso Arinos de Melo Franco (May 1, 1868 – February 19, 1916) was a Brazilian journalist, writer and jurist.
In the 19th century, he was recognized as one of the most influential intellectuals of his time. His work is part of Brazil's most prestigious literature and contains a strong message of social criticism.