Aedes Explained

Aedes (also known as the tiger mosquito[1]) is a genus of mosquitoes originally found in tropical and subtropical zones, but now found on all continents except Antarctica. Some species have been spread by human activity: Aedes albopictus, a particularly invasive species, was spread to the Americas, including the United States, in the 1980s, by the used-tire trade.[2]

First described and named by German entomologist Johann Wilhelm Meigen in 1818, the generic name comes from the Ancient Greek Greek, Ancient (to 1453);: ἀηδής, Greek, Ancient (to 1453);: aēdēs, meaning 'unpleasant' or 'odious'. The type species for Aedes is Aedes cinereus.[3]

Systematics and phylogeny

The genus was named by Johann Wilhelm Meigen in 1818. The generic name comes from the Ancient Greek Greek, Ancient (to 1453);: ἀηδής, Greek, Ancient (to 1453);: aēdēs, meaning 'unpleasant'[4] or 'odious'.

As historically defined, the genus contains more than 950 species (see the list of Aedes species). The genus has been divided into several subgenera (Aedes, Diceromyia, Finlaya, Stegomyia, etc.), most of which have been recently treated by some authorities as full genera.[5] The classification was revised in 2009.[6]

Characteristics

Aedes mosquitoes are visually distinctive because they have noticeable black and white markings on their bodies and legs. Unlike most other mosquitoes, they are active and bite only during the daytime. The peak biting periods are early in the morning and in the evening before dusk.[7] [8]

Direct children of this genus

The genus contains 28 species that are not placed in a further subgenus:[9]

Children with uncertain position

As disease vectors

Members of the genus Aedes are known vectors for numerous viral infections, including dengue fever, yellow fever, the Zika virus,[10] and chikungunya, which are transmitted by species in the subgenus Stegomyia, and by A. aegypti and A. albopictus.[11] Infections with these viruses are typically accompanied by a fever, and in some cases, encephalitis, which can lead to death. A vaccine to provide protection from yellow fever exists, and measures to prevent mosquito bites include insecticides such as DDT, mosquito traps, insect repellents, mosquito nets, and pest control using genetically modified insects.[12] In Polynesia, the species Aedes polynesiensis is responsible for the transmission of human lymphatic filariasis.

Aedes can be detected and monitored by ovitraps.

Sequencing

The genome of the yellow fever mosquito (Aedes aegypti) was sequenced by the Broad Institute and the Institute for Genomic Research. The initial assembly was released in August 2005; a draft sequence of the genome and preliminary analysis was published in June 2007.[13] The annotated genome is available at VectorBase.[14] An updated and improved version of the Aedes aegypti genome was released in 2018.[15]

External links

Notes and References

  1. Book: Wilkerson . Richard C. . Mosquitoes of the World . Linton . Yvonne-Marie . Strickman . Daniel . Johns Hopkins University Press . 2021 . 978-1-4214-3814-6 . 1 . Baltimore, Maryland . 222 . Genera and Medically Important Species Pages . 2019041641.
  2. Hawley . William A. . Reiter . Paul . Copeland . Robert S. . Pumpuni . Charles B. . Craig . George B. . 1987-05-29 . Aedes albopictus in North America: Probable Introduction in Used Tires from Northern Asia . Science . 236 . 4805 . 1114–1116 . 10.1126/science.3576225 . 3576225 . 1987Sci...236.1114H . 0036-8075.
  3. Web site: Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit . Aedes . 2016-02-04 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20160406045909/http://www.wrbu.org/generapages/aedes.htm . 2016-04-06 . .
  4. 10.1590/0074-0276130395 . History of domestication and spread of Aedes aegypti - A Review . 2013 . Powell . Jeffrey R.. Tabachnick . Walter J. . Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz . 108 . Suppl 1 . 11–17 . 24473798 . 4109175 .
  5. Reinert JF, Harbach RE, Kitching IJ . Phylogeny and classification of Aedini (Diptera: Culicidae), based on morphological characters of all life stages . . 142 . 3 . 289–368 . 2004 . 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2004.00144.x . free .
  6. Reinert JF, Harbach RE, Kitching IJ . 2009 . Phylogeny and classification of tribe Aedini (Diptera: Culicidae) . Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society . 157 . 4 . 700–794 . 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00570.x . free .
  7. Web site: Dengue and severe dengue . . 24 October 2019.
  8. Web site: Dengue and severe dengue . . 19 May 2021.
  9. Web site: ITIS - Report: Aedes . 2022-10-07 . www.itis.gov.
  10. Web site: CDC Transmission of Zika virus . 2017-09-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170920205105/https://www.cdc.gov/zika/transmission/index.html . 2017-09-20 . dead .
  11. Web site: PAHO Statement on Zika Virus Transmission and Prevention . 2 February 2016 . Pan American Health Organization . 2016-01-26 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20160126055104/http://www.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11605&Itemid=0&lang=en . 2016-01-26 .
  12. News: EPA OKs plan to release 2.4 million more genetically modified mosquitoes . 2022-03-13 . . Fitzsimons . Tom . 11 March 2022 . en.
  13. Nene V, Wortman JR, Lawson D, Haas B, Kodira C, Tu ZJ, Loftus B, Xi Z, Megy K, Grabherr M, Ren Q, Zdobnov EM, Lobo NF, Campbell KS, Brown SE, Bonaldo MF, Zhu J, Sinkins SP, Hogenkamp DG, Amedeo P, Arensburger P, Atkinson PW, Bidwell S, Biedler J, Birney E, Bruggner RV, Costas J, Coy MR, Crabtree J, Crawford M, Debruyn B, Decaprio D, Eiglmeier K, Eisenstadt E, El-Dorry H, Gelbart WM, Gomes SL, Hammond M, Hannick LI, Hogan JR, Holmes MH, Jaffe D, Johnston JS, Kennedy RC, Koo H, Kravitz S, Kriventseva EV, Kulp D, Labutti K, Lee E, Li S, Lovin DD, Mao C, Mauceli E, Menck CF, Miller JR, Montgomery P, Mori A, Nascimento AL, Naveira HF, Nusbaum C, O'leary S, Orvis J, Pertea M, Quesneville H, Reidenbach KR, Rogers YH, Roth CW, Schneider JR, Schatz M, Shumway M, Stanke M, Stinson EO, Tubio JM, Vanzee JP, Verjovski-Almeida S, Werner D, White O, Wyder S, Zeng Q, Zhao Q, Zhao Y, Hill CA, Raikhel AS, Soares MB, Knudson DL, Lee NH, Galagan J, Salzberg SL, Paulsen IT, Dimopoulos G, Collins FH, Birren B, Fraser-Liggett CM, Severson DW . 6 . Genome sequence of Aedes aegypti, a major arbovirus vector . Science . 316 . 5832 . 1718–23 . June 2007 . 17510324 . 2868357 . 10.1126/science.1138878 . 2007Sci...316.1718N .
  14. Web site: Aedes aegypti. VectorBase. 3 November 2013. 1 August 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190801101734/https://www.vectorbase.org/organisms/aedes-aegypti. dead.
  15. Matthews BJ, Dudchenko O, Kingan SB, Koren S, Antoshechkin I, Crawford JE, Glassford WJ, Herre M, Redmond SN, Rose NH, Weedall GD, Wu Y, Batra SS, Brito-Sierra CA, Buckingham SD, Campbell CL, Chan S, Cox E, Evans BR, Fansiri T, Filipović I, Fontaine A, Gloria-Soria A, Hall R, Joardar VS, Jones AK, Kay RG, Kodali VK, Lee J, Lycett GJ, Mitchell SN, Muehling J, Murphy MR, Omer AD, Partridge FA, Peluso P, Aiden AP, Ramasamy V, Rašić G, Roy S, Saavedra-Rodriguez K, Sharan S, Sharma A, Smith ML, Turner J, Weakley AM, Zhao Z, Akbari OS, Black WC, Cao H, Darby AC, Hill CA, Johnston JS, Murphy TD, Raikhel AS, Sattelle DB, Sharakhov IV, White BJ, Zhao L, Aiden EL, Mann RS, Lambrechts L, Powell JR, Sharakhova MV, Tu Z, Robertson HM, McBride CS, Hastie AR, Korlach J, Neafsey DE, Phillippy AM, Vosshall LB . 6 . Improved reference genome of Aedes aegypti informs arbovirus vector control . Nature . 563 . 7732 . 501–507 . November 2018 . 30429615 . 6421076 . 10.1038/s41586-018-0692-z . 2018Natur.563..501M .

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Aedes".

Except where otherwise indicated, Everything.Explained.Today is © Copyright 2009-2024, A B Cryer, All Rights Reserved. Cookie policy.