| Adelaide | |
| Name Etymology: | Queen Adelaide |
| Map Size: | 250 |
| Pushpin Map: | Australia Northern Territory |
| Pushpin Map Size: | 250 |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location of the Adelaide River mouth in the Northern Territory |
| Subdivision Type1: | Country |
| Subdivision Name1: | Australia |
| Subdivision Type2: | Territory |
| Subdivision Name2: | Northern Territory |
| Subdivision Type4: | LGA |
| Subdivision Name4: | Coomalie, Litchfield |
| Subdivision Type5: | Townships |
| Subdivision Name5: | Adelaide River |
| Length: | 238km (148miles) |
| Discharge1 Avg: | 1980m3/s |
| Source1 Elevation: | 149m (489feet) |
| Mouth: | Adam Bay |
| Mouth Location: | Clarence Strait |
| Mouth Coordinates: | -12.2167°N 145°W |
| Mouth Elevation: | 0m (00feet) |
| Basin Size: | 7640km2 |
| Custom Label: | National park |
| Custom Data: | Litchfield National Park |
| Extra: | [1] |
The Adelaide River is a river in the Northern Territory of Australia.
The river rises in the Litchfield National Park and flows generally northwards to Clarence Strait, joined by eight tributaries including the west branch of the Adelaide River, Coomalie Creek, Margaret River and Marrakai Creek, before discharging into its mouth in Adam Bay in the Clarence Strait. The river descends over its 238km (148miles) course.[1] The catchment area of the river is 7640km2.[2]
The Adelaide River is crossed by both the Stuart Highway, adjacent to the township of Adelaide River, and the Arnhem Highway near Humpty Doo.
The Adelaide River is well known for its high concentration of saltwater crocodiles, along with other wildlife including white-bellied sea eagles, whistling kites, freshwater crocodiles, bull sharks and black flying-fox. Its lower reaches form part of the Adelaide and Mary River Floodplains Important Bird Area. Waters of this river are also home to endangered speartooth shark and critically endangered largetooth sawfish. The river also contains a notable introduced population of Siamese fighting fish. [3]
Indigenous Australians including the Warray and Kungarakan owned the lands among the river for millennia.
Lieutenant Fitzmaurice, under the command of John Lort Stokes, sighted the river on a boating expedition. The expedition was part of the Admiralty surveying ship HMS Beagle's voyage in 1839, and the river was named in honour of Queen Adelaide.[4]