Activated protein C–protein C inhibitor explained

Activated protein C–protein C inhibitor (APC-PCI) is a complex of activated protein C (APC) and protein C inhibitor (PCI).[1] [2] [3] It has been measured in coagulation testing to evaluate coagulation, thrombosis, and other cardiovascular complications.[4] It is a marker of thrombin generation and indicates hypercoagulability.[5] The half-life of APC-PCI is either 40 minutes or 140minutes.

Ethinylestradiol-containing birth control pills have been found to increase levels of APC-PCI to a similar degree as thrombin–antithrombin complex (TAT) and to a greater extent than D-dimer. However, only APC-PCI was able to differentiate between a second- and third-generation birth control pill.

Another complex related to APC-PCI is the activated protein C–α1-antitrypsin (APCAT) complex.

Notes and References

  1. Merlini PA, Ardissino D . Laboratory Measurement of Thrombin Activity--What Every Clinician Scientist Needs to Know . Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis. 2 . 2 . 85–92 . 1995 . 10608009 . 10.1007/BF01064374 . 28203940 .
  2. Lippi G, Cervellin G, Franchini M, Favaloro EJ . Biochemical markers for the diagnosis of venous thromboembolism: the past, present and future . Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis. 30 . 4 . 459–71 . November 2010 . 20213258 . 10.1007/s11239-010-0460-x . 23806848 .
  3. Davies RS, Abdelhamid M, Wall ML, Vohra RK, Bradbury AW, Adam DJ . Coagulation, fibrinolysis, and platelet activation in patients undergoing open and endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm . Journal of Vascular Surgery. 54 . 3 . 865–78 . September 2011 . 21684711 . 10.1016/j.jvs.2011.04.010 . free .
  4. Misra S, Kumar A, Kumar P, Yadav AK, Mohania D, Pandit AK, Prasad K, Vibha D . Blood-based protein biomarkers for stroke differentiation: A systematic review . Proteomics – Clinical Applications. 11 . 9–10 . September 2017 . 28452132 . 10.1002/prca.201700007 . 13676815 .
  5. Bremme K, Hamad RR, Berg E, Strandberg K, Stenflo J . The APC-PCI concentration as an early marker of activation of blood coagulation. Thrombosis Research. 130 . 4 . 636–9 . October 2012 . 22154243 . 10.1016/j.thromres.2011.11.006 .

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