Academy of Military Medical Sciences explained

Order:st
S:军事
T:中國人民解放軍軍事科學院軍事醫學研究院
P:Zhōngguó Rénmín Jiěfàngjūn Jūnshì Kēxuéyuàn Jūnshì Yīxué Yánjiūyuàn

The Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS) of the People's Liberation Army Academy of Military Sciences is a Chinese military medical research institute.[1] [2] It was established in Shanghai in 1951.[3] It has been based in Beijing since 1958.

In October 2011, the drug "Night Eagle", developed to help soldiers cope with sleep deprivation during missions, was unveiled in an exhibition marking the institute's 60th anniversary.[4]

In December 2014, the Chinese government announced that the Academy of Military Medical Sciences had developed an Ebola virus vaccine candidate that had been approved for clinical trials.[1] [2]

In December 2021, the United States Department of Commerce added the Academy of Military Medical Sciences to the Entity List, accusing it of aiding in the persecution of Uyghurs in China.[5]

COVID-19 vaccine

See main article: Convidecia and Zhongyianke Biotech–Liaoning Maokangyuan Biotech COVID-19 vaccine. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the AMMS partnered with CanSino Biologics to develop Convidecia. The development team, led by Chen Wei, registered a Phase 1 trial in March 2020 and a Phase 2 trial in April 2020.[6] [7] It conducted its Phase III trials in Argentina,[8] Chile,[9] Mexico,[10] Pakistan,[11] Russia,[12] and Saudi Arabia[13] with 40,000 participants.

In February 2021, global data from Phase III trials and 101 COVID cases showed the vaccine had a 65.7% efficacy in preventing moderate symptoms of COVID-19, and 91% efficacy in preventing severe disease.[14] It has similar efficacy to the Janssen vaccine, another one-shot adenovirus vector vaccine with 66% efficacy in a global trial.[15] [16] Convidecia is also similar to other viral vector vaccines like the Oxford–AstraZeneca vaccine and Sputnik V vaccine.[17] Its single-dose regimen and standard refrigerator storage requirement (2°to 8 °C) could make it a favorable vaccine option for many countries.

Convidecia is approved for use by some countries in Asia,[18] [19] [20] Europe,[21] [22] and Latin America.[23] [24] [25] Production capacity for Ad5-NCov should reach 500 million doses in 2021. Manufacturing will take place in China,[26] Malaysia, Mexico,[27] and Pakistan.[28]

The vaccine was the first one approved outside of clinical trials in an expedited decision, which authorized its use only by the Chinese military.[29]

See also

External links

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Notes and References

  1. Web site: China's Ebola vaccine enters clinical trials. https://web.archive.org/web/20141223182455/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2014-12/18/c_133864720.htm. dead. December 23, 2014. 19 December 2014.
  2. News: China approves experimental Ebola vaccine for clinical trials. Reuters. 18 December 2014. 19 December 2014.
  3. Web site: China sends thousands of doses of anti-Ebola drug to Africa. Financial Times. October 15, 2014. Patti Waldmeir.
  4. Web site: PLA eyes 'Night Eagle' to make army of night owls. South China Morning Post. 5 January 2017. 16 October 2011.
  5. News: Knutson. Jacob. December 16, 2021. U.S. sanctions Chinese tech companies over abuse of Uyghurs. Axios. December 16, 2021.
  6. News: Xie. John. China Announces Phase 2 of Clinical Trials of COVID-19 Vaccine. Voice of America. 15 April 2020. 18 April 2020.
  7. Web site: The Lancet: First human trial of COVID-19 vaccine finds it is safe and induces rapid immune response . . 22 May 2020 . 24 December 2020 .
  8. Web site: 14 December 2020. Comenzará en la Argentina un nuevo estudio de vacuna recombinante contra el SARS-CoV-2. 2020-12-15. infobae. es-ES.
  9. Web site: Gob.cl - Article: Science Minister: "We Work With Maximum Rigor So That Science And Technology Benefit People'S Health". 2020-11-21. Government of Chile.
  10. Web site: 2020-11-10. Chinese Covid vaccine trials to be expanded to five more states. 2020-11-11. Mexico News Daily.
  11. Web site: Phase III Trial of A COVID-19 Vaccine of Adenovirus Vector in Adults 18 Years Old and Above - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov. 2020-10-21. clinicaltrials.gov.
  12. News: 2020-12-07 . Russia approves clinical trials for Chinese COVID-19 vaccine Ad5-Ncov: Ifax . Reuters . 2020-12-07.
  13. News: 9 August 2020. CanSino to start Phase III trial of COVID-19 vaccine in Saudi. Reuters. 9 August 2020. Eltahir N.
  14. Web site: 8 February 2021. CanSinoBIO's COVID-19 vaccine 65.7% effective in global trials, Pakistan official says. 2021-02-08. Reuters.
  15. News: 2021-02-08. China's CanSino Covid Vaccine Shows 65.7% Efficacy. Bloomberg.com. 2021-02-10.
  16. Web site: It's not just Johnson & Johnson: China has a single-dose COVID-19 vaccine that has 65% efficacy. 2021-02-11. Fortune.
  17. News: 2020-06-10. Coronavirus Vaccine Tracker. The New York Times. 2020-12-12. 0362-4331. Zimmer C, Corum J, Wee SL.
  18. News: Liu. Roxanne. 2021-02-25. China approves two more domestic COVID-19 vaccines for public use. Reuters. 2021-02-26.
  19. Web site: 2021-04-25. Pakistan purchases over 30 million COVID doses from China: sources. 2021-04-26. ARY NEWS. en-US.
  20. Web site: Malaysia to receive CanSino vaccine this month The Malaysian Insight. 2021-04-03. www.themalaysianinsight.com. en.
  21. News: Ashok. Rashmi. 2021-03-22. UPDATE 2-China's CanSino Biologics COVID-19 vaccine receives emergency use approval in Hungary. Reuters. 2021-03-22.
  22. Web site: 2021-03-03. Membrii NITAG au venit cu recomandări privind utilizarea vaccinurilor împotriva COVID-19 în Republica Moldova. 2021-05-21. Ministerul Sănătății, Muncii și Protecţiei Sociale. en.
  23. News: 2021-02-11. 'Our gratitude always': From China's CanSino, Mexico welcomes biggest vaccine shipment yet. Reuters. 2021-02-11.
  24. Web site: 2021-06-11. Argentina issues emergency approval to China's single-dose Cansino COVID-19 vaccine. 2021-06-11. Reuters.
  25. Web site: ISP Approves Emergency Use And Importation Of Cansino Vaccine To Fight COVID-19. 2021-04-08. Institute of Public Health of Chile.
  26. Web site: China can hit 500-mln-dose annual capacity of CanSinoBIO COVID-19 vaccine this year. 2021-02-28. finance.yahoo.com.
  27. News: Solomon. Daina Beth. 2021-02-28. China's CanSino says first vaccines packaged in Mexico will be ready in March. Reuters. 2021-03-12.
  28. Web site: 2021-05-24. Pakistan develops homemade anti-Covid vaccine 'PakVac'. 2021-05-25. The Express Tribune. en.
  29. News: 2020-06-29 . CanSino's COVID-19 vaccine candidate approved for military use in China . Reuters . 2020-12-13.