Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay explained

Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay
Presenter:	Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS)
Year:	1940
Holder Label:	Most recent winner
Holder:	Justine Triet and Arthur Harari Anatomy of a Fall (2023)

The Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay is the Academy Award (also known as an Oscar) for the best screenplay not based upon previously published material. It was created in 1940 as a separate writing award from the Academy Award for Best Story. Beginning with the Oscars for 1957, the two categories were combined to honor only the screenplay.

See also the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay, a similar award for screenplays that are adaptations of pre-existing material.

Eligibility

Screenplays are eligible if they are not based on "previously published material". The Writer's Branch of the academy determines if a screenplay is adapted or original, based on possible sources in question, interviews given about the film and the film's publicity materials, and sometimes places screenplays in a different category than the Writers Guild of America. For the 75th Academy Awards, Gangs of New York was nominated as an original screenplay despite being based on the book The Gangs of New York because the writers based the film on the book's historical research but largely invented the characters and plot.^[1] For the 89th Academy Awards, Moonlight was campaigned as an original screenplay, being based on an unpublished play, but was ultimately placed in the adapted screenplay category, which it won.^[2] Similarly, Whiplash was considered an adapted screenplay at the 87th Academy Awards despite being written as an original screenplay because a scene from the script was produced as a proof-of-concept short film. However, 2008's Frozen River, which similarly had a proof-of-concept short film screened at film festivals, was nominated as an original screenplay.^[3]

Superlatives

Woody Allen has the most nominations in this category with 16, and the most awards with 3 (for Annie Hall (1977), Hannah and Her Sisters (1986), and Midnight in Paris (2011)). Paddy Chayefsky and Billy Wilder have also won three screenwriting Oscars: Chayefsky won two for Original Screenplay (The Hospital and Network) and one for Adapted Screenplay (Marty), while Wilder won one for Adapted Screenplay (The Lost Weekend, shared with Charles Brackett), and two for Original Screenplay (Sunset Boulevard, shared with Brackett and D. M. Marshman Jr., and The Apartment, shared with I. A. L. Diamond)

Woody Allen also holds the record as the oldest winner (76) for Midnight in Paris.^[4] Ben Affleck is the youngest winner (25) for Good Will Hunting, co-written with Matt Damon (27).

Richard Schweizer was the first to win for a foreign-language film, Marie-Louise. Other winners for a non-English screenplay include Albert Lamorisse, Pietro Germi, Claude Lelouch, Pedro Almodóvar, Bong Joon-ho, Han Jin-won, Justine Triet and Arthur Harari. Lamorisse is additionally the only person to win or even be nominated for Best Original Screenplay for a short film (The Red Balloon, 1956).^[5]

Frances Marion (The Big House) was the first woman to win for her original script, although she won Best Writing, which then included both original and adapted screenplays before a separate award for Best Original Screenplay was introduced. Muriel Box (The Seventh Veil) was the first woman to win in this category; she shared the award with her husband, Sydney Box. They are also the first of two married couples to win in this category; Earl W. Wallace and Pamela Wallace (Witness) are the others.

In 1996, Joel Coen and Ethan Coen became the only siblings to win in this category (for Fargo).^[6] Francis Ford Coppola (Patton, 1970) ^[7] and Sofia Coppola (Lost in Translation, 2003) are the only father-daughter pair to win.^[8] The Lucas Bros are the only African-American siblings to receive a nomination in this category (Judas and the Black Messiah, 2021).^[9]

Preston Sturges was nominated for two different films in the same year (1944): Hail the Conquering Hero and The Miracle of Morgan's Creek. Oliver Stone achieved the same distinction in 1986, for Platoon and Salvador. Maurice Richlin and Stanley Shapiro were nominated in 1959 for both Operation Petticoat and Pillow Talk and won for the latter.

Jordan Peele became the first and only African-American to win in this category for 2017's Get Out.^[10]

Bong Joon-ho and Han Jin-won became the first Asian writers to win either Screenplay award, for 2019's Parasite.^{[11] [12]} This was also the most recent of 10 occasions when Oscars in this category have been awarded to writers for both screenplay AND story on one film (sometimes they have been completely different, and sometimes the credited screenplay author also contributed to the story alongside at least one other credited scribe).

Winners and nominees

Winners are listed first in the colored row and denoted by double dagger (‡), followed by the other nominees.

1940s

Year	Film	Nominee
1940 (13th) ^[13]	The Great McGinty
Angels Over Broadway
Dr. Ehrlich's Magic Bullet	, &
Foreign Correspondent	&
The Great Dictator
1941 (14th) ^[14]	Citizen Kane	&
The Devil and Miss Jones
Sergeant York	,, &
Tall, Dark and Handsome	&
Tom, Dick and Harry
1942 (15th) ^[15]	Woman of the Year	&
One of Our Aircraft Is Missing	&
Road to Morocco	&
Wake Island	&
The War Against Mrs. Hadley
1943 (16th) ^[16]	Princess O'Rourke
Air Force
In Which We Serve
The North Star
So Proudly We Hail!
1944 (17th) ^[17]	Wilson
Hail the Conquering Hero
The Miracle of Morgan's Creek
Two Girls and a Sailor	&
Wing and a Prayer
1945 (18th) ^[18]	Marie-Louise
Dillinger
Music for Millions
Salty O'Rourke
What Next, Corporal Hargrove?
1946 (19th) ^[19]	The Seventh Veil	&
The Blue Dahlia
Children of Paradise
Notorious
Road to Utopia	&
1947 (20th) ^[20]	The Bachelor and the Bobby-Soxer
Body and Soul
A Double Life	&
Monsieur Verdoux
Shoeshine	,, &
1948 (21st)	N/A ^[21] ^[22]	-
1949 (22nd) ^[23]	Battleground
Jolson Sings Again
Paisan	,,, &
Passport to Pimlico
The Quiet One	, &

1950s

Year	Film	Nominees
1950 (23rd) ^[24]	Sunset Boulevard	, &
Adam's Rib	&
Caged	&
The Men
No Way Out	&
1951 (24th) ^[25]	An American in Paris
Ace in the Hole	, &
David and Bathsheba
Go for Broke!
The Well	&
1952 (25th) ^[26]	The Lavender Hill Mob
The Atomic City
Breaking the Sound Barrier
Pat and Mike	&
Viva Zapata!
1953 (26th) ^[27]	Titanic	, &
The Band Wagon	&
The Desert Rats
The Naked Spur	&
Take the High Ground!
1954 (27th) ^[28]	On the Waterfront
The Barefoot Contessa
Genevieve
The Glenn Miller Story	&
Knock on Wood	&
1955 (28th) ^[29]	Interrupted Melody	&
The Court-Martial of Billy Mitchell	&
It's Always Fair Weather	&
Mr. Hulot's Holiday	&
The Seven Little Foys	&
1956 (29th) ^[30]	The Red Balloon
The Bold and the Brave
Julie
La Strada	&
The Ladykillers
1957 (30th) ^[31]	Designing Woman
Funny Face
Man of a Thousand Faces	Screenplay:, & ; Story:
The Tin Star	Screenplay: ; Story: &
I Vitelloni	Screenplay: & ; Story: Fellini, Flaiano &
1958 (31st) ^[32]	The Defiant Ones	& ^[33]
The Goddess
Houseboat	&
The Sheepman	Screenplay: & ; Story: Grant
Teacher's Pet	&
1959 (32nd) ^[34]	Pillow Talk	Screenplay: & ; Story: &
The 400 Blows	&
North by Northwest
Operation Petticoat	Screenplay: Shapiro & Richlin; Story: &
Wild Strawberries

1960s

Year	Film	Nominees
1960 (33rd) ^[35]	The Apartment	&
The Angry Silence	Screenplay: ; Story: &
The Facts of Life	&
Hiroshima, Mon Amour
Never on Sunday
1961 (34th) ^[36]	Splendor in the Grass
Ballad of a Soldier	&
General Della Rovere	, &
La Dolce Vita	,, &
Lover Come Back	&
1962 (35th) ^[37]	Divorce Italian Style	, &
Freud	Screenplay: & ; Story: Kaufman
Last Year at Marienbad
That Touch of Mink	&
Through a Glass Darkly
1963 (36th) ^[38]	How the West Was Won
America America
8½	,, &
The Four Days of Naples	Screenplay:,, & ; Story: Campanile, Franciosa, Loy &
Love with the Proper Stranger
1964 (37th) ^[39]	Father Goose	Screenplay: & ; Story:
A Hard Day's Night
One Potato, Two Potato	Screenplay: ; Story:
The Organizer	, &
That Man from Rio	,, &
1965 (38th) ^[40]	Darling
Casanova 70	,,,, &
Those Magnificent Men in Their Flying Machines	&
The Train	&
The Umbrellas of Cherbourg
1966 (39th) ^[41]	A Man and a Woman	Screenplay:
Blowup	Screenplay:, & ; Story: Antonioni
The Fortune Cookie	&
Khartoum
The Naked Prey	&
1967 (40th) ^[42]	Guess Who's Coming to Dinner
Bonnie and Clyde	&
Divorce American Style	Screenplay: ; Story:
La Guerre Est Finie
Two for the Road
1968 (41st) ^[43]	The Producers
The Battle of Algiers	&
Faces
Hot Millions	&
2001: A Space Odyssey	&
1969 (42nd) ^[44]	Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid
Bob & Carol & Ted & Alice	&
The Damned	Screenplay:, & ; Story: Badalucco
Easy Rider	, &
The Wild Bunch	Screenplay: & ; Story: Green &

1970s

Year	Film	Nominees
1970 (43rd) ^[45]	Patton	&
Five Easy Pieces	Screenplay: ; Story: Eastman &
Joe
Love Story
My Night at Maud's
1971 (44th) ^[46]	The Hospital
Investigation of a Citizen Above Suspicion	&
Klute	&
Summer of '42
Sunday Bloody Sunday
1972 (45th) ^[47]	The Candidate
The Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie	Screenplay & Story: ; Collaboration:
Lady Sings the Blues	, &
Murmur of the Heart
Young Winston
1973 (46th) ^[48]	The Sting
American Graffiti	, &
Cries and Whispers
Save the Tiger
A Touch of Class	&
1974 (47th) ^[49]	Chinatown
Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore
The Conversation
Day for Night	, &
Harry and Tonto	Josh Greenfeld &
1975 (48th) ^[50]	Dog Day Afternoon
Amarcord	&
And Now My Love	&
Lies My Father Told Me
Shampoo	&
1976 (49th) ^[51]	Network
Cousin, Cousine	Screenplay & Story: Adaptation:
The Front
Rocky
Seven Beauties
1977 (50th) ^[52]	Annie Hall	&
The Goodbye Girl
The Late Show
Star Wars
The Turning Point
1978 (51st) ^[53]	Coming Home	Screenplay: & ; Story:
Autumn Sonata
The Deer Hunter	Screenplay: ; Story:,, & Washburn
Interiors
An Unmarried Woman
1979 (52nd) ^[54]	Breaking Away
All That Jazz	&
...And Justice for All.	&
The China Syndrome	, &
Manhattan	&

1980s

Year	Film	Nominees
1980 (53rd) ^[55]	Melvin and Howard
Brubaker	Screenplay: ; Story: Richter &
Fame
Mon oncle d'Amérique
Private Benjamin	, &
1981 (54th) ^[56]	Chariots of Fire
Absence of Malice
Arthur
Atlantic City
Reds	&
1982 (55th) ^[57]	Gandhi
Diner
E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial
An Officer and a Gentleman
Tootsie	Screenplay: & ; Story: Gelbart &
1983 (56th) ^[58]	Tender Mercies
The Big Chill	&
Fanny and Alexander
Silkwood	&
WarGames	&
1984 (57th) ^[59]	Places in the Heart
Beverly Hills Cop	Screenplay: ; Story: & Petrie
Broadway Danny Rose
El Norte	&
Splash	Screenplay:, & ; Story: Friedman &
1985 (58th) ^[60]	Witness	Screenplay: & ; Story: Kelley, E. Wallace &
Back to the Future	&
Brazil	, &
The Official Story	&
The Purple Rose of Cairo
1986 (59th) ^[61]	Hannah and Her Sisters
Crocodile Dundee	Screenplay:, & ; Story: Hogan
My Beautiful Laundrette
Platoon
Salvador	&
1987 (60th) ^[62]	Moonstruck
Au Revoir Les Enfants (Goodbye, Children)
Broadcast News
Hope and Glory
Radio Days
1988 (61st) ^[63]	Rain Man	Screenplay: & ; Story: Morrow
Big	&
Bull Durham
A Fish Called Wanda	Screenplay: ; Story: Cleese &
Running on Empty
1989 (62nd) ^[64]	Dead Poets Society
Crimes and Misdemeanors
Do the Right Thing
Sex, Lies, and Videotape
When Harry Met Sally...

1990s

Year	Film	Nominees
1990 (63rd) ^[65]	Ghost
Alice
Avalon
Green Card
Metropolitan
1991 (64th) ^[66]	Thelma & Louise
Boyz n the Hood
Bugsy
The Fisher King
Grand Canyon	&
1992 (65th) ^[67]	The Crying Game
Husbands and Wives
Lorenzo's Oil	&
Passion Fish
Unforgiven
1993 (66th) ^[68]	The Piano
Dave
In the Line of Fire
Philadelphia
Sleepless in Seattle	Screenplay:, & ; Story: Arch
1994 (67th) ^[69]	Pulp Fiction	Screenplay: ; Story: & Tarantino
Bullets over Broadway	&
Four Weddings and a Funeral
Heavenly Creatures	&
	&
1995 (68th) ^[70]	The Usual Suspects
Braveheart
Mighty Aphrodite
Nixon	, &
Toy Story	Screenplay:,, & ; Story:,, & Stanton
1996 (69th) ^[71]	Fargo
Jerry Maguire
Lone Star
Secrets & Lies
Shine	Screenplay: ; Story:
1997 (70th) ^[72]	Good Will Hunting	&
As Good as It Gets	Screenplay: & ; Story: Andrus
Boogie Nights
Deconstructing Harry
The Full Monty
1998 (71st) ^[73]	Shakespeare in Love	&
Bulworth	Screenplay: & ; Story: Beatty
Life Is Beautiful	&
Saving Private Ryan
The Truman Show
1999 (72nd) ^[74]	American Beauty
Being John Malkovich
Magnolia
The Sixth Sense
Topsy-Turvy

2000s

Year	Film	Nominees
2000 (73rd) ^[75]	Almost Famous
Billy Elliot
Erin Brockovich
Gladiator	Screenplay:, & ; Story: Franzoni
You Can Count on Me
2001 (74th) ^[76]	Gosford Park
Amélie	Screenplay: & ; Dialogue: Laurant
Memento	Screenplay: ; Story:
Monster's Ball	&
The Royal Tenenbaums	&
2002 (75th) ^[77]	Talk to Her
Far from Heaven
Gangs of New York	Screenplay:, & ; Story: Cocks
My Big Fat Greek Wedding
Y Tu Mamá También	&
2003 (76th) ^[78]	Lost in Translation
The Barbarian Invasions
Dirty Pretty Things
Finding Nemo	Screenplay:, & ; Story: Stanton
In America	, &
2004 (77th) ^[79]	Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind	Screenplay: ; Story:, & Kaufman
The Aviator
Hotel Rwanda	&
The Incredibles
Vera Drake
2005 (78th) ^[80]	Crash	Screenplay: & ; Story: Haggis
Good Night, and Good Luck	&
Match Point
The Squid and the Whale
Syriana
2006 (79th) ^[81]	Little Miss Sunshine
Babel
Letters from Iwo Jima	Screenplay: ; Story: & Yamashita
Pan's Labyrinth
The Queen
2007 (80th) ^[82]	Juno
Lars and the Real Girl
Michael Clayton
Ratatouille	Screenplay: ; Story: Bird, &
The Savages
2008 (81st) ^[83]	Milk
Frozen River
Happy-Go-Lucky
In Bruges
WALL-E	Screenplay: & ; Story: & Stanton
2009 (82nd) ^[84]	The Hurt Locker
Inglourious Basterds
The Messenger	&
A Serious Man	Coen Brothers
Up	Screenplay: & ; Story: Docter, Peterson &

2010s

Year	Film	Nominees
2010 (83rd) ^[85]	The King's Speech
Another Year
The Fighter	Screenplay:, & ; Story:, Johnson & Tamasy
Inception
The Kids Are All Right	&
2011 (84th) ^[86]	Midnight in Paris
The Artist
Bridesmaids	&
Margin Call
A Separation
2012 (85th) ^[87]	Django Unchained
Amour
Flight
Moonrise Kingdom	&
Zero Dark Thirty
2013 (86th) ^[88]	Her
American Hustle	&
Blue Jasmine
Dallas Buyers Club	&
Nebraska
2014 (87th) ^[89]	Birdman	,, &
Boyhood
Foxcatcher	&
The Grand Budapest Hotel	Screenplay: ; Story: Anderson &
Nightcrawler
2015 (88th) ^[90]	Spotlight	&
Bridge of Spies	& Coen Brothers
Ex Machina
Inside Out	Screenplay:, & ; Story: & Docter
Straight Outta Compton	Screenplay: & ; Story: Berloff, &
2016 (89th) ^[91]	Manchester by the Sea
Hell or High Water
La La Land
The Lobster	&
20th Century Women
2017 (90th) ^[92]	Get Out
The Big Sick	&
Lady Bird
The Shape of Water	Screenplay: & ; Story: del Toro
Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri
2018 (91st) ^[93]	Green Book	Brian Currie, &
The Favourite	Deborah Davis &
First Reformed
Roma
Vice
2019 (92nd) ^[94]	Parasite	Screenplay: & ; Story: Bong
Knives Out
Marriage Story
1917	&
Once Upon a Time in Hollywood

2020s

Year	Film	Nominees
2020/21 (93rd) ^[95] ^[96]	Promising Young Woman
Judas and the Black Messiah	Screenplay: & ; Story: Berson, King, &
Minari
Sound of Metal	Screenplay: & ; Story: &
The Trial of the Chicago 7
2021 (94th) ^[97]	Belfast
Don't Look Up	Screenplay: ; Story: &
King Richard
Licorice Pizza
The Worst Person in the World	&
2022 (95th)	Everything Everywhere All at Once
The Banshees of Inisherin
The Fabelmans	&
Tár
Triangle of Sadness
2023 (96th)	Anatomy of a Fall	Arthur Harari & Justine Triet
	The Holdovers	David Hemingson
	Maestro	Bradley Cooper & Josh Singer
	May December	Screenplay: Samy Burch; Story: Burch & Alex Mechanik
	Past Lives	Celine Song

Multiple wins and nominations

Multiple wins

Wins	Screenwriter
3
Woody Allen
2
Charles Brackett
Paddy Chayefsky
Quentin Tarantino
Billy Wilder

Multiple nominations

Nominations	Screenwriter
16	Woody Allen
6	Federico Fellini
5	Ingmar Bergman
	Mike Leigh
4	Pete Docter
	Melvin Frank
	Tullio Pinelli
	Stanley Shapiro
	Quentin Tarantino
	Billy Wilder
3	Sergio Amidei
	Paul Thomas Anderson
	Wes Anderson
	Warren Beatty
	Robert Benton
	Paddy Chayefsky
	Ethan Coen
	Joel Coen
	Nora Ephron
	Ennio Flaiano
	Ruth Gordon
	Tonino Guerra
	Garson Kanin
	Barry Levinson
	Kenneth Lonergan
	Paul Mazursky
	Martin McDonagh
	Norman Panama
	Jack Rose
	William Rose
	Andrew Stanton
	Oliver Stone
	Preston Sturges

Age superlatives

Record	Writer	Film	Age (in years)
Oldest winner	Woody Allen	Midnight in Paris	76	^[98]
Oldest nominee		Blue Jasmine	78
Youngest winner	Ben Affleck	Good Will Hunting	25	^[99]
Youngest nominee	John Singleton	Boyz n the Hood	24	^[100]

See also

• Academy Award for Best Story
• Golden Globe Award for Best Screenplay
• BAFTA Award for Best Original Screenplay
• Independent Spirit Award for Best Screenplay
• Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Screenplay
• List of Big Five Academy Award winners and nominees
• List of Academy Award–nominated films
• Writers Guild of America Award for Best Original Screenplay

Notes and References

1. News: Turner . Julia . 2003-02-13 . Why Is Gangs of New YorkNominated for the Best Original Screenplay Oscar? . en-US . Slate . 2023-11-05 . 1091-2339.
2. Web site: Davis . Clayton . 2023-09-13 . 'Barbie' Sets Oscar Campaign for Original Screenplay — Will the Academy Agree? (EXCLUSIVE) . 2023-09-14 . Variety . en-US.
3. News: Harris . Aisha . 2015-01-06 . Is the Whiplash Screenplay Adapted, or Original? The WGA and the Academy Can't Agree. . en-US . Slate . 2023-09-17 . 1091-2339.
4. Web site: Will this year's Oscar nominations break any records?]. Guinness World Records. Mike . Janela. 15 January 2014.
5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c2KdnI1N8AU Writing Winners: 1957 Oscars
6. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QeaYhL1BXpQ "Sling Blade" and "Fargo" winning Writing Oscars-official YouTube channel
7. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-0Bo9WU1-C8 M*A*S*H and Patton Win Writing Awards: 1970 Oscars
8. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Skit7AZtuw4 Sofia Coppola winning Best Original Screenplay-Oscars on YouTube
9. News: Wilstein . Matt . 2021-04-13 . These Twin Comedians Are Taking the Oscars by Storm . 2024-07-11 . The Daily Beast . en.
10. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kExKwBLdFzc "Get Out" wins Best Original Screenplay-Oscars on YouTube
11. https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/oscars-bong-joon-hos-parasite-wins-south-koreas-first-oscar-1277161 Oscars: Bong Joon Ho's 'Parasite' Wins South Korea's First Oscar|Hollywood Reporter
12. Web site: Joyce Eng . 'Parasite's' Bong Joon Ho and Han Jin Won would be the first Asian writers to win an Oscar – GoldDerby . Goldderby.com . 2020-02-07 . 2020-02-16.
13. News: The 13th Academy Awards (1941) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
14. News: The 14th Academy Awards (1942) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
15. News: The 15th Academy Awards (1943) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
16. News: The 16th Academy Awards (1944) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
17. News: The 17th Academy Awards (1945) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
18. News: The 18th Academy Awards (1946) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
19. News: The 19th Academy Awards (1947) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
20. News: The 20th Academy Awards (1948) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
21. Best Original Screenplay was consolidated in 1948 for a singular Best Screenplay award. The winner was The Treasure of the Sierra Madre, adapted from the novel of same name.
22. News: The 21st Academy Awards (1949) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
23. News: The 22nd Academy Awards (1950) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
24. News: The 23rd Academy Awards (1951) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
25. News: The 24th Academy Awards (1952) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
26. News: The 25th Academy Awards (1953) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
27. News: The 26th Academy Awards (1954) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
28. News: The 27th Academy Awards (1955) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
29. News: The 28th Academy Awards (1956) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
30. News: The 29th Academy Awards (1957) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
31. News: The 30th Academy Awards (1958) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
32. News: The 31st Academy Awards (1959) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
33. In 1958, Nedrick Young was blacklisted and writing under the pseudonym Nathan E. Douglas. The Academy's Board of Governors voted in 1993 to restore Young's nomination and award.
34. News: The 32nd Academy Awards (1960) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
35. News: The 33rd Academy Awards (1961) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
36. News: The 34th Academy Awards (1962) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
37. News: The 35th Academy Awards (1963) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
38. News: The 36th Academy Awards (1964) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
39. News: The 37th Academy Awards (1965) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
40. News: The 38th Academy Awards (1966) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
41. News: The 39th Academy Awards (1967) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
42. News: The 40th Academy Awards (1968) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
43. News: The 41st Academy Awards (1969) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
44. News: The 42nd Academy Awards (1970) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
45. News: The 43rd Academy Awards (1971) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
46. News: The 44th Academy Awards (1972) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
47. News: The 45th Academy Awards (1973) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
48. News: The 46th Academy Awards (1974) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
49. News: The 47th Academy Awards (1975) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
50. News: The 48th Academy Awards (1976) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
51. News: The 49th Academy Awards (1977) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
52. News: The 50th Academy Awards (1978) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
53. News: The 51st Academy Awards (1979) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
54. News: The 52nd Academy Awards (1980) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
55. News: The 53rd Academy Awards (1981) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
56. News: The 54th Academy Awards (1982) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
57. News: The 55th Academy Awards (1983) Nominees and Winners . August 27, 2013 . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) . dead . https://archive.today/20120905/http://www.oscars.org/awards/academyawards/legacy/ceremony/55th-winners.html . September 5, 2012 .
58. News: The 56th Academy Awards (1984) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
59. News: The 57th Academy Awards (1985) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
60. News: The 58th Academy Awards (1986) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
61. News: The 59th Academy Awards (1987) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
62. News: The 60th Academy Awards (1988) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
63. News: The 61st Academy Awards (1989) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
64. News: The 62nd Academy Awards (1990) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
65. News: The 63rd Academy Awards (1991) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
66. News: The 64th Academy Awards (1992) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
67. News: The 65th Academy Awards (1993) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
68. News: The 66th Academy Awards (1994) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
69. News: The 67th Academy Awards (1995) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
70. News: The 68th Academy Awards (1996) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
71. News: The 69th Academy Awards (1997) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
72. News: The 70th Academy Awards (1998) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
73. News: The 71st Academy Awards (1999) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
74. News: The 72nd Academy Awards (2000) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
75. News: The 73rd Academy Awards (2001) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
76. News: The 74th Academy Awards (2002) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
77. News: The 75th Academy Awards (2003) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
78. News: The 76th Academy Awards (2004) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
79. News: The 77th Academy Awards (2005) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
80. News: The 78th Academy Awards (2006) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
81. News: The 79th Academy Awards (2007) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
82. News: The 80th Academy Awards (2008) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
83. News: The 81st Academy Awards (2009) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
84. News: The 82nd Academy Awards (2010) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
85. News: The 83rd Academy Awards (2011) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
86. News: The 84th Academy Awards (2012) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
87. News: The 85th Academy Awards (2013) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
88. News: The 86th Academy Awards (2014) Nominees and Winners. April 10, 2014. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
89. News: The 87th Academy Awards (2015) Nominees and Winners. January 15, 2015. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
90. News: The 88th Academy Awards (2015). January 14, 2016. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
91. News: The 89th Academy Awards (2016). January 24, 2017. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
92. News: The 90th Academy Awards (2017). January 23, 2018. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
93. News: The 90th Academy Awards (2018). February 25, 2019. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
94. Web site: The 92nd Academy Awards 2020. 19 March 2024 .
95. Web site: Complete list of nominees for the 93rd Academy Awards. ABC News. March 15, 2021. March 15, 2021.
96. The eligibility period for the 93rd ceremony was extended through to February 28, 2021, due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
97. Web site: Complete list of nominees for the 93rd Academy Awards. ABC News. March 15, 2021. March 15, 2021.
98. Web site: Oscar Nominations by the Numbers: Fun Facts and Shocking Stats. The Hollywood Reporter. 16 January 2014. April 3, 2020.
99. Web site: 'Good Will Hunting' Oscar flashback: Ben Affleck, Matt Damon wrote their own screenplay 20 years ago to boost careers. Goldderby. 30 December 2017. April 3, 2020.
100. Web site: How John Singleton Made History at the Oscars. IndieWire. 29 April 2019. April 3, 2020.