Academic grading in Italy explained
See also: University training credit.
There are two grading systems used in Italy:
To someone familiar with both the Italian and the U.S. college systems, Italian grades are best translated into American grades (and vice versa) according to the following table:
Scuola primaria, scuola secondaria di primo e secondo grado
In Italian primary and secondary school a 10-point scale is used, 6 being the minimum grade for passing. Traditionally in the most prestigious high schools (Liceo Classico, Liceo Scientifico, Liceo Linguistico and Liceo delle Scienze Umane), grades vary within a limited range, between 2 and 8, often with each professor applying his/her own custom. When a professor wants to apply a more precise scale, instead of using the full 1–10 scale (which would have made their scale not comparable with that of other professors) they would often insert a plethora of symbols and decimals: the range between 5 and 6 would then be covered, in sequence, by 5+, 5½ and 6−. Sufficiency starts at 6. The "+" symbol stands for "+0.25" (5+=5.25) and the "-" symbol stands for "-0.25" (6-=5.75). Some professors, however, also use symbols such as 5++, 5/6 and 6--, which have no precise value. There has been a push in recent years to uniform the system to the 0–10 scale. A grade below 6 is considered insufficient, while a grade below 4 is considered to be extremely insufficient.
In high school, if a student, at the end of the year, reports an insufficient grade average in a certain subject (5 or below), he or she has to take a reparatory exam in September, before school begins; if the result of the reparatory exam is again not sufficient, the student cannot pass to the next year and will have to repeat it. A student who, at the end of the year, has more than 3 insufficient subjected will not pass to following class and will have to repeat the year. This is anyway subject to the judgment of professors, who can evaluate what to do according to the case.
ECTS grading Scale| ECTS Grade | % of successful students | Corresponding Italian grades |
|---|
| A-A+ | 95%-100% | 9,5-10 |
| A- | 90%-95% | 9-9,5 |
| B+ | 80%-90% | 8-9 |
| C | 60%-80% | 6-8 |
| E | 50%-60% | 5-6 |
| F-Fx | 0%-50% | 1-5 | |
University
For ordinary exams, universities in Italy use a 30-point scale that can be divided into failing (0 to 17) and passing (18 to 30 cum laude) grades. For final assessment of the entire degree, a 110-point scale is used, which is divided into two as well, with 66 being the minimum for a degree to be awarded. The 110-point scale incorporates scores both on course exams and for the final thesis. For outstanding results, lode, "praise" or "cum laude," is added to the maximum grade. 30L means 30 cum laude in Latin, 30 con lode in Italian, and 30 with honors in English.[1] [2] [3] Some Universities in Italy used a 100-point scale instead of 110.
The table is purely indicative: there are significant differences between different universities and above all between bachelor's and master's degrees. The grades received by master's degree students are statistically higher than those received by bachelor's degrees.
Italian grades with corresponding ECTS and United States grading| Italian grades | ECTS Grade | ECTS Definition | % of successful students | U.S. Grade | U.S. Definition |
|---|
| 26-30, 30 con Lode | A | Excellent | 5% | - 30, 30 con Lode: A+
- 28-29: A
- 26-27: A−
| Excellent |
| 21-25 | B | Very Good | 10% | | Good |
| 19-21 | C | Good | 20% | | Satisfactory |
| 18 | D | Satisfactory | 40% | D | Passing |
| 14-17 | Fx | Fail | | E or F | Fail |
| 0-13 | F | |
Italian grade conversion tables for Erasmus
Belgium
Italy| Belgium |
| 30 cum laude | over 16 |
| 30 | 15-16 |
| 29 | 14 |
| 28 | 13 |
| 27 | 12 |
| 26 | 11,5 |
| 25 |
| 24 | 11 |
| 23 |
| 22 | 10,5 |
| 21 |
| 20 |
| 19 |
| 18 | 10 | |
Denmark
Italy| Denmark |
| 30 cum laude | 12 |
| 30 |
| 29 | 11,9-10 |
| 28 |
| 27 |
| 26 | 9,9-7 |
| 25 |
| 24 |
| 23 | 6,9-4 |
| 22 |
| 21 |
| 20 | 3,9-2 |
| 19 |
| 18 | |
Finland
Italy| Finland |
| 30 cum laude | 90-100 or 5 |
| 30 |
| 29 | 80-89 or 4 |
| 28 |
| 27 |
| 26 | 70-79 or 3 |
| 25 |
| 24 |
| 23 | 60-69 or 2 |
| 22 |
| 21 |
| 20 | 50-59 or 1 |
| 19 |
| 18 | |
France
Italy| France |
| 30 cum laude | over 16 |
| 30 | 15-16 |
| 29 | 14 |
| 28 | 13 |
| 27 | 12 |
| 26 | 11,5 |
| 25 |
| 24 | 11 |
| 23 |
| 22 | 10,5 |
| 21 |
| 20 |
| 19 |
| 18 | 10 | |
Germany
Italy| Germany |
| 30 cum laude | < 1.0 |
| 30 | 1.0 |
| 29 | 1.3 |
| 28 | 1.5 |
| 27 | 1.7 |
| 26 | 2.0 |
| 25 | 2.3 |
| 24 | 2.5 |
| 23 | 2.7 |
| 22 | 3.0 |
| 21 | 3.3 |
| 20 | 3.5 |
| 19 | 3.7 |
| 18 | 4.0 | |
Hungary
Italy| Hungary |
| 30 | 5 |
| 29 |
| 28 |
| 27 |
| 26 | 4 |
| 25 |
| 24 |
| 23 |
| 22 | 3 |
| 21 |
| 20 |
| 19 | 2 |
| 18 |
| 18> | 1 | |
Ireland
Italy| Ireland |
| 30 cum laude | A |
| 30 |
| 29 | B+ |
| 28 | B |
| 27 | B- |
| 26 | C+ |
| 25 | C |
| 24 | C- |
| 23 | D+ |
| 22 | D |
| 21 |
| 20 | D- |
| 19 |
| 18 | |
Romania
Italy| Romania |
| 30 cum laude | 10 |
| 30 | 9 |
| 29 |
| 28 | 8 |
| 27 |
| 26 | 7 |
| 25 |
| 24 | 6 |
| 23 |
| 22 |
| 21 | 5 |
| 20 |
| 19 |
| 18 | |
The Netherlands
Italy| The Netherlands |
| 30 cum laude | 10+ |
| 30 | 9.3-10 |
| 29 |
| 28 |
| 27 | 8.3-9 |
| 26 |
| 25 |
| 24 | 6-8 |
| 23 |
| 22 |
| 21 |
| 20 |
| 19 |
| 18 | |
Portugal
Italy| Portugal |
| 30 cum laude | 19-20 |
| 30 | 17-18 |
| 29 | 14-16 |
| 28 |
| 27 |
| 26 | 12-13 |
| 25 |
| 24 |
| 23 | 10-11 |
| 22 |
| 21 |
| 20 |
| 19 |
| 18 | |
Spain
Italy| Spain |
| 30 cum laude | Matricula de honor | 10 |
| 30 | Sobre saliente | 9 |
| 29 |
| 28 | Notable | 8-7 |
| 27 |
| 26 |
| 25 |
| 24 |
| 23 | Aprobado | 6-5 |
| 22 |
| 21 |
| 20 |
| 19 |
| 18 | |
United Kingdom
Italy| United Kingdom |
| 30 cum laude | A |
| 30 |
| 29 | B1 |
| 28 | B2 |
| 27 | B3 |
| 26 | C1 |
| 25 | C2 |
| 24 | C3 |
| 23 | D1 |
| 22 | D2 |
| 21 |
| 20 | D3 |
| 19 |
| 18 | |
See also
References
- https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/032415/what-difference-between-magnum-cum-laude-and-summa-cum-laude.asp
- https://www.scholaro.com/db/Countries/Italy/Grading-System
- https://corsi.unibo.it/2cycle/InternationalCooperation/exams-and-grading-system
