| Abd Allah ibn Abbas Mosque | |
| Native Name: | Arabic: مَسْجِد عَبْد ٱللَّٰه ٱبْن ٱلْعَبَّاس |
| Native Name Lang: | ara |
| Map Type: | Saudi Arabia#Middle East#West Asia |
| Map Relief: | 1 |
| Coordinates: | 21.2167°N 70°W |
| Religious Affiliation: | Sunni Islam |
| Location: | Taif |
| Region: | Mecca Province |
| Architecture Style: | Islamic architecture |
| Established: |
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Abd Allah ibn al-Abbas Mosque (Arabic: مَسْجِد عَبْد ٱللَّٰه ٱبْن ٱلْعَبَّاس|translit=Masjid ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-ʿAbbās) is a historic mosque located in the city of Taif within the Mecca Province, Saudi Arabia. The mosque is named after Ibn Abbas, who is buried within the grounds of the mosque.
The original mosque was constructed in 630, at the site where a demolished temple of the goddess al-Lat once stood.[1] Another tradition relates that the mosque is also built over a site where the Islamic prophet Muhammad prayed.[2] [3] Either way, the construction of the mosque is dated to around 630 and is contemporary to the life of Muhammad.[4] [5] A cemetery for the martyrs of those in the siege of Banu Thaqif was established in the same year, on the eastern side of the mosque. The youngest cousin of Muhammad and early Islamic scholar, Ibn Abbas, was buried at the cemetery in 687, followed by the burial of the fourth Kaysani leader, Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya in the year 700.
During the reign of the Abbasid caliph Al-Mustadi, the mosque was rebuilt and then renamed in the name of Ibn Abbas. A domed mausoleum was then constructed around the grave of Ibn Abbas. Subsequent renovations defined the shape of the mosque and is the basis of the present-day structure.
The adjoining cemetery was in use until the rule of the Mamluk Sultanate when Zayd ibn Muhsin, the Sharif of Mecca under the Mamluks, forbade any more burials at the site in 1661, as the capacity of the cemetery was almost full. In 1671, a wall was built which separated the cemetery and Ibn Abbas' tomb from the mosque building.
In 1813, the Swiss traveller Johann Ludwig Burckhardt, who was visiting the Arabian Peninsula just after the takeover of the city by Muhammad Ali Pasha, described the mosque as being in ruin, while the domed mausoleum over Ibn Abbas' tomb had been destroyed by the Wahhabis.[6] In the later years of the Ottoman rule, the mausoleum was repaired with a new wooden cenotaph over the grave and an iron zarih built around the grave.
After Ibn Saud had taken control of the whole of Saudi Arabia, the mausoleums that still existed in his territory, including Mecca and Medina, were demolished. The mosque and mausoleum were demolished and then rebuilt in 1958, this time the grave was returned to its original state without a dome over it.