| Honorific-Prefix: | Maulvi Md. |
| Abdul Jabbar Palwan | |
| Native Name: | আব্দুল জব্বার পাহলোয়ান |
| Native Name Lang: | bn |
| Office: | Member of the Bengal Legislative Council |
| Term Start: | 1921 |
| Term End: | 1937 |
| Monarch2: | George VI |
| Office2: | Member of the Bengal Legislative Assembly |
| Term Start2: | 1937 |
| Term End2: | 1945 |
| Constituency2: | Jamalpur North |
| Birth Date: | 16 December 1895 |
| Birth Place: | Chinaiduli, Jamalpur subdivision, Mymensingh district, Bengal Presidency |
| Death Date: | Dhaka, Bangladesh |
| Restingplace: | Guthail Bazar, Islampur |
| Party: | Swaraj Party |
| Children: | Ashraf Ud-Doullah Pahloan |
Md. Abdul Jabbar Palwan (Bengali: মোহাম্মদ আব্দুল জব্বার পাহলোয়ান; 16 December 1895 – 16 April 1976) was a Bengali politician who served as a member in both the Bengal Legislative Council and the Bengal Legislative Assembly.
Palwan was born on 16 December 1895 to a Bengali family from Chinaiduli in Islampur, Jamalpur subdivision, Mymensingh district, Bengal Presidency. He was the only son of Abul Mansur Palwan. His family was one of the few Muslim families at the time to attain the status of an elite political family.[1]
Palwan began his education at the Guthail Minor English School. He then enrolled at the Jamalpur Government School, but was later expelled due to his involvement in the independence movement.[2] After that, he enrolled at the Mrityunjayi School in Mymensingh where he passed his entrance examinations for seven subjects.
Palwan participated in the 1920 Indian general election, which was the first set of elections in the subcontinent's modern history. He won a seat in the Mymensingh East constituency as an independent candidate. Aged only 26 years, he became the youngest member of the Bengal Legislative Council.[3] For the 1923 Indian general election, he joined the Swaraj Party. His campaign expenditure was 1203 taka whereas his main rival Syed Nawab Ali Chowdhury's expenditure was 3608 taka.[4] Palwan won that election despite a huge cost difference and managed to regained his seat.[5] In the assembly, he presented his arguments for reducing the price of quinine. On 21 November 1921, Palwan strongly condemned and protested the indiscriminate firing by the police on the people during the hartal in Calcutta.[6] He was elected to the Jamalpur North constituency at the 1937 Bengal elections.[7] He was introducing a bill to tax the income of landlords.[8]
Palwan was the father of eleven sons and three daughters. His fourth son, Ashraf Ud-Doullah Pahloan, was a member of the Jatiya Sangsad.
Palwan died in Dhaka, Bangladesh on 16 April 1976.