Aam Aadmi Party Explained

Party Name:Aam Aadmi Party
Party Logo:Aam Aadmi Party logo (English).svg
Abbreviation:AAP
Leader:Arvind Kejriwal
Rajyasabha Leader:Sanjay Singh
Spokesperson:Saurabh Bhardwaj and others[1]
Founder:Arvind Kejriwal and others
Headquarters:206, Deen Dayal Upadhyay Marg, New Delhi, Delhi India-110002[2]
Eci:National Party[3]
Position:Centre[4] [5] to centre-left[6] [7]
Membership:10.05 million (2014)[8]
Youth:AAP Youth Wing (AYW)[9]
Students:Chhatra Yuva Sangharsh Samiti (CYSS)[10]
Women:AAP Mahila Shakti (AMS)[11]
Labour:Shramik Vikas Sangathan (SVS)[12] [13] [14] [15]
Flag:Aam Aadmi Party flag (2).svg
State Seats Name:State Legislative Assemblies
Colours: Blue
Alliance:

The Aam Aadmi Party (; AAP) is a political party in India. It was founded on 26 November 2012 by Arvind Kejriwal and his then-companions,[16] following the 2011 Indian anti-corruption movement against then Indian government of Indian National Congress. The AAP is currently the governing party in the Indian state of Punjab and the union territory of Delhi. On 10 April 2023, the AAP was officially granted the status of national party by the ECI.[17] The party's election symbol is a broom.[18] The party is currently part of the coalition I.N.D.I.A. Alliance.[19] [20]

The party came into existence following a difference of opinion between Kejriwal and activist Anna Hazare regarding the incorporation of electoral politics into the popular 2011 Indian anti-corruption movement, which had been demanding a Jan Lokpal Bill since 2011.[21] Hazare preferred the movement should remain politically unaligned, whereas Kejriwal felt the failure of the agitation route necessitated changes in the government's representation itself.[21] On 3 December 2015, the Jan Lokpal Bill was passed by the AAP government with a majority in the Delhi legislative assembly.[22] [23]

Making its electoral debut in the 2013 Delhi Legislative Assembly election, the AAP emerged as the second-largest party and managed to form the government with support from INC members of the assembly.[24] Kejriwal became the Chief Minister of Delhi,[25] but his government resigned 49 days after he could not pass the Jan Lokpal Bill in the assembly, because of the lack of support from the INC.[26] After the President's rule in Delhi, in the following 2015 elections, the AAP won 67 of the 70 seats in the assembly and Kejriwal was again sworn in as the Chief Minister of Delhi.[27] In the subsequent 2020 Delhi Legislative Assembly election, AAP was re-elected as the governing party after winning 62 seats out of 70.

Outside Delhi, the AAP cemented its popularity when it emerged as the principal opposition party in the 2017 Punjab Legislative Assembly election after securing 20 seats. Later, in the subsequent 2022 Punjab Legislative Assembly election, AAP was elected as the main governing party after winning 92 seats.[28] [29] Following this, its member Bhagwant Mann was sworn in as the Chief Minister of Punjab.[30] In December 2022, the party emerged as the third front in the politics of Gujarat after 2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election. It secured 12.92% of the votes polled and five seats in the Assembly.[31] Apart from Gujarat, AAP is also accorded the status of state party in Goa.[32] [33]

History

Formation

Massive anti-corruption protests and strikes in 2011 were initiated by a well known social activist Anna Hazare in response to exposure of unprecedented financial scams and corruption by erstwhile UPA government. The aim was to press the government to enact a strong and effective Lokpal (Federal Ombudsman) through a Jan Lokpal Bill. Hazare was supported by a clutch of activists and professionals which became popularly known as Team Anna. Team Anna also included a civil-servant turned activist Arvind Kejriwal.[34] Hazare had wanted to keep the movement politically neutral but Kejriwal considered that direct involvement in politics was necessary because attempts to obtain progress regarding the Jan Lokpal Bill through talks with existing political parties had, in his opinion, achieved nothing. A survey conducted on a Facebook page that purported to be operated by India Against Corruption[35] and other social networking services had indicated that there was wide support for politicisation.[36] [37] Hazare rejected the poll, saying "elections require huge funds, which will be tough for activists to organise without compromising on their values". He also said it would be difficult to ensure that candidates are not corrupted once elected.[38] [39] Hazare and Kejriwal agreed on 19 September 2012 that their differences regarding a role in politics were irreconcilable. Kejriwal had support from some anti-corruption movement activists, such as Prashant Bhushan and Shanti Bhushan, but was opposed by others such as Kiran Bedi and Santosh Hegde. On 2 October,[40] Kejriwal announced that he was forming a political party and that he intended the formal launch to be on 26 November, coinciding with the anniversary of India's adoption of its Constitution in 1949.

The party's name reflects the phrase Aam Aadmi, whose interests Kejriwal proposed to represent. A party constitution was adopted on 24 November 2012, when a National Council comprising 320 people and a National Executive of 23 were also formed. Both the Council and the Executive were expected to have more members in due course, with the intention being that all districts and all classes of people would have a voice. Various committees were proposed to be formed to draft proposals for adoption by the party in a process that was expected to take several months. Although one aim was to limit nepotism, there were complaints at this initial meeting that the selection of people invited to attend was itself an example of such practices.[41] The party was formally launched in Delhi on 26 November[42] and in March 2013, it was registered as a political party by the Election Commission of India.[43]

Funding

On 26 November 2012, the formal launch day of the AAP, former law minister Shanti Bhushan donated to the party. Prashant Bhushan, his son, was a member of the party's National Executive Committee. The party raised by November 2013 and received in 2015 assembly polls.

Initial period

On 18 May 2013, a group of Indian Americans from 20 different cities in the US held a convention in Chicago and extended support to the AAP. The convention was attended by two AAP leaders, Kumar Vishwas and Yogendra Yadav, and Kejriwal addressed it via video conferencing.[44] Aruna Roy and Medha Patkar, who had differences with Kejriwal on certain issues, supported him after his 15-day fast against inflated electricity bills.

On 22 March 2014, the Janata Dal (Secular) party of Delhi announced it would merge with the Aam Aadmi Party, citing Kejriwal's tenure as Chief Minister of Delhi.[45] [46]

Two of the founders of the party, Prashant Bhushan and Yogendra Yadav, left the Aam Aadmi Party and formed Swaraj Abhiyan.

Protests

On 23 March 2013, Kejriwal began an indefinite fast in an attempt to mobilise people against inflated power and electricity bills at a house in Sundar Nagri, a low-income group resettlement colony in North-East Delhi.[47] During the protest, he urged Delhi citizens not to pay "inflated" water and electricity bills.[48] The AAP also demanded an audit of power and electricity supply in Delhi by the Comptroller and Auditor General of India, something that was also supported by civil society groups like the National Alliance of People's Movement (NAPM).[49] The AAP claimed that the protest gathered support from people in Delhi on a single day and more than people up to 28 March 2013.[50] Anna Hazare urged Kejriwal to end the fast on 29 March and he did so on 6 April.[51]

On 10 June 2013, Kejriwal supported agitation by Delhi auto rickshaw drivers, who were protesting the Delhi government's ban on advertisements on auto rickshaws. Kejriwal claimed the government's ban was because the drivers supported his party and carried AAP's advertisements on their vehicles. He said that the AAP would put 10,000 advertisements on auto rickshaws as a protest.[52] In retrospect, after Kejriwal had been elected and then resigned his position, a union representing the drivers expressed dissatisfaction, saying: "Arvind Kejriwal, who had won the elections because of the support of the auto drivers, has betrayed them by not fulfilling any of the promises made before the elections".[53]

On 22 April 2015, the AAP organised a rally in Delhi against a land acquisition bill.[54]

Ideology

At the time of formation, the AAP said that the promise of equality and justice that forms a part of the Constitution of India and of its preamble has not been fulfilled and that the Independence of India has replaced enslavement to an oppressive foreign power with that to a political elite. It claimed that the common people of India remain unheard and unseen except when it suits politicians. The AAP's goal is to reverse the way that government accountability operates, and the party takes an interpretation of the Gandhian socialist concept of swaraj as a tenet. It believes that through swaraj, the government will be directly accountable to the people instead of higher officials. The swaraj model lays stress on self-governance, community building, and decentralization.[55] [56]

Kejriwal has stated that the AAP refuses to be guided by ideologies and that they are entering politics to change the system, saying, "We are common men. If we find our solution in the left, we are happy to borrow it from there. If we find our solution in the right, we are happy to borrow it from there."[57] Kejriwal has put forward 3 pillars of Aam Aadmi Party's core ideology: staunch patriotism, staunch honesty and humanity.[58]

The party advocates scrapping Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code and legalizing both homosexuality and same-sex marriage.[59] The party is also regarded as being populist, and centrist.[60] [61]

During AAP government's tenure, Delhi has replaced Bengaluru as the start-up capital of India.[62] The AAP government has facilitated various start-up policies in Delhi from time to time during its tenure.[63]

Organisation

The party leadership consists of the following bodies:

Political Affairs Committee

Political Affairs Committee is the highest decision-making body of the party.[64] The current member of the PAC are Arvind Kejriwal, Manish Sisodia, Sanjay Singh, Gopal Rai, Atishi, Imran Hussain, Durgesh Pathak, Raghav Chadha and Rakhi Bidlan. Pankaj Kr Gupta (National Secretary) and Narain Dass Gupta (National Treasurer) are the ex officio members of the PAC.[65]

National Executive Committee

The party's National Executive Committee had 34 members in 2022.[66]

State Leadership

The AAP has state wings in Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chandigarh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Mizoram,[67] Punjab, Puducherry, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand and West Bengal.

State/UTState PresidentState General SecretaryState InchargeState Co-incharge
Andhra PradeshMani Naidu
Arunachal PradeshYamra TayaToko NikamRajesh Sharma
AssamVictor GogoiRajesh Sharma[68]
Bihar
ChhattisgarhKomal HupendiAmolak Singh, Amritpal Singh Sukhanand
GoaAmit Palekar
Gujarat
HaryanaSushil Gupta
Himachal PradeshSurjeet Singh Thakur
JharkhandDr. Ajay Kumar singh
KarnatakaH. N. Chandrashekhar
KeralaAdv. Vinod Wilson Mathew
Madhya PradeshRani AgrawalRajnish Kumar Dahiya, Jagtar Singh Diyalpura
Maharashtra
Manipur
Meghalaya
MizoramAndrew Lalremkima PachuauRajesh Sharma
NagalandAsu KeyhoRajesh Sharma
OdishaNishikanta Mohapatra
PunjabBudh Ram
RajasthanNaveen Paliwal Vinay Mishra
Sikkim
Tamil Nadu
Telangana
Tripura
Uttar Pradesh
UttarkhandDeepak BaliDinesh Mohaniya
West BengalSanjoy Basu
Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Chandigarh
Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
Lakshadweep
Delhi
Jammu and Kashmir
Ladakh
Puducherry

Electoral performance

General election results

Election YearLok Sabha LeaderSeats contestedSeats won+/- seatsOverall VotesPercentage of votes+/- VoteRef.
201416thArvind Kejriwal432New11,325,6352.1%New[69]
201917th35 32,716,6290.4% 1.7%[70]
202418th22 27,147,8001.11% 0.71[71]

State assembly elections

Election YearLeaderseats contestedseats won+/- in seatsOverall votes% of overall votes+/- in vote shareSitting side
Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly
2018
85123,5250.87
2023Komal Hupendi57144,7100.930.06
Delhi Legislative Assembly
2013
Arvind Kejriwal692,322,33029.49Right
201569 394,838,39754.3 24.8Right
202070 54,974,52253.57 0.73Right
Goa Legislative Assembly
2017
3957,4206.3
2022Amit Palekar 39264,3546.77[72] 0.5Left
Gujarat Legislative Assembly
2017
2929,5090.10
2022Isudan Gadhvi18054,112,055 12.9212.82Left
Haryana Legislative Assembly
2019
4659,8390.48
Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly
2022
Surjeet Singh Thakur6746,270 1.10
Jharkhand Legislative Assembly
2019
2635,2520.23
Karnataka Legislative Assembly
2018
2823,4680.06
2023Prithvi Reddy209225,8690.580.42
Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly
2018
Alok Agrawal208253,1060.66
2023Rani Agrawal69233,4580.540.12
Maharashtra Legislative Assembly
2019
2457,8550.10
Meghalaya Legislative Assembly
2018
61,4100.09
Mizoram Legislative Assembly
2023
Andrew Lalremkima 49150.09
Nagaland Legislative Assembly
2018
37,4910.75
Odisha Legislative Assembly
2019
1514,9160.06
2024TBDTBDTBDTBD
Punjab Legislative Assembly
2017
Gurpreet Ghuggi1123,662,66523.7Left
2022Bhagwant Mann117726,538,78342.0118.3Right
Rajasthan Legislative Assembly
2018
142136,3450.38
2023Naveen Paliwal85148,7090.38
Telangana Legislative Assembly
2018
4113,1340.06
Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly
2022
Ajay Kothiyal70178,1343.31
Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly
2022
Sanjay Singh349347,1870.38

Municipal corporation election results

YearMunicipal Corporation Seats contestedSeats wonChange in seatsPercentage of votesVote swingRef.
Assam
2022Guwahati39110.69
Chandigarh
2021Chandigarh351427.08
Delhi
2017North Delhi1042127.88
South Delhi1041626.44
East Delhi641223.40
2022Delhi2508542.0515.82
Gujarat
2021Surat1202728.47
2021Gandhinagar40121.77
Madhya Pradesh
2022 Singrauli[73] [74]
Punjab
2018Amritsar859
2018Ludhiana951
2021Batala514
2021Moga508
Uttar Pradesh
2023Ayodhya601
2023Firozabad701
2023Ghaziabad1003
2023Jhansi601
2023Kanpur1101

Delhi Assembly election, 2013

See main article: 2013 Delhi Legislative Assembly election. The 2013 Delhi state assembly elections were the party's first electoral contest. The Election Commission approved the symbol of a broom for use by the AAP in that campaign.[75] The party said that its candidates were honest and had been screened for potential criminal backgrounds.[76] It published its central manifesto on 20 November 2013, promising to implement the Jan Lokpal Bill within 15 days of coming to power.[77]

In November 2013, a sting operation conducted by Media Sarkar alleged that several leaders of the AAP, including Kumar Vishwas and Shazia Ilmi, had agreed to extend their support to some people seeking assistance with land deals and other financial arrangements in return for donations in cash to the AAP.[78] Ilmi offered to withdraw her candidature as a result, but the party refused to accept her offer, describing the footage as fabricated and a violation of the Model Code of Conduct.[79] The Election Commission ordered an inquiry regarding the legitimacy of the video.[80]

The AAP emerged as the second-largest party in Delhi, winning 28 of the 70 Assembly seats; the Bharatiya Janata Party, as the largest party, won 31, while its ally Shiromani Akali Dal, won 1; Indian National Congress won 8, and two were won by others.[81] [82] On 28 December 2013, the AAP formed a minority government in the hung Assembly, with what Sheila Dikshit describes as "not unconditional" support from Indian National Congress.[83] Kejriwal became the second-youngest Chief Minister of Delhi.[84] As a result of the Delhi elections, the AAP became a recognised state party in Delhi.[85]

General election, 2014

See main article: 2014 Indian general election. The AAP fielded 434 candidates in the 2014 Indian general election, in which it did not expect to do well. It recognised that its support was based primarily in urban areas and that different strategies might be required for different regions of the country. The party pointed out that its funding was limited and that there were too many demands for local visits from Kejriwal. The intention was to field candidates in large numbers to maximise the likelihood of recognition as a national party by the Election Commission.[86] [87] The outcome was that four AAP candidates won, all from Punjab.[88] Consequently, the AAP became a recognised state party in Punjab.[89] The party obtained 2% of all votes cast nationwide and 414 of its candidates forfeited their deposit by failing to secure one-sixth of the vote in their constituencies.[90] Although the party secured 32.9 per cent of the votes in Delhi, it failed to win any seats there.[91]

AAP convenor, Arvind Kejriwal fought from Varanasi against BJP's Prime Ministerial candidate Narendra Modi, but lost by a margin of 371,784 (20.30%) votes and came second ahead of BSP, Congress, SP.[92]

Immediately after the elections, Shazia Ilmi (PAC member) resigned from the party.[93] The National Executive member Yogendra Yadav in a letter to his party members criticised Kejriwal's style of leadership.[94]

After the National Executive meeting on 8 June, the party and Kejriwal acknowledged these differences and announced the launch of "Mission Vistar" (Mission Expand), to include more people in local as well as national decision making.[95]

Delhi Assembly election, 2015

See main article: 2015 Delhi Legislative Assembly election.

The Delhi state assembly elections for the Sixth Legislative Assembly of Delhi were held on 7 February 2015, as declared by the Election Commission of India.[96] The Aam Aadmi Party scored a landslide victory by winning a majority of 67 of the 70 seats. The BJP was able to win 3 seats and the Congress party saw all its candidates lose.[97] Kejriwal became the Chief Minister for the second time.[98] The AAP had started campaigning in Delhi in November 2014 and declared candidates for all 70 seats.[99]

During the campaign, Kejriwal claimed that the BJP had been trying to bribe AAP volunteers. He asked Delhi voters to not deny the bribes offered to them. He suggested that voters should accept the bribe from others and yet vote for AAP through the secret ballot in the election.[100] The situation caused the Election Commission of India to instruct Kejriwal to desist from breaking laws governing the model code of conduct for elections in India,[101] but the Delhi court then allowed Kejriwal to challenge this.[102]

The President's Rule was subsequently rescinded and Kejriwal became the Chief Minister of Delhi with six cabinet ministers (Manish Sisodia, Asim Ahmed Khan, Sandeep Kumar, Satyendar Jain, Gopal Rai, and Jitender Singh Tomar).[103] [104]

Major differences surfaced within the party leadership soon after its victory. It created deep fissures between the founding members who had together championed the anti-corruption movement. Problems emerged in February 2015 when Yogendra Yadav and Prashanth Bhushan wrote a joint letter to the National Executive, highlighting Kejriwal's tendency to unilateral decision-making, which they alleged had compromised the party's core principle of Swaraj.[105] After continued allegations, counter-allegations and several failed attempts at reconciliation between the two sides, Yadav and Bhushan were first removed from the PAC and later from the National Executive after the party's National Council passed a resolution to expel them for their alleged anti-party activities.[106] [107] [108] Party leaders refuted accusations made by Yadav and Bhushan at the meeting that the party was murdering democracy and resorting to intimidation.[109] [110] In April 2015, Yadav, Bhushan, Anand Kumar, and Ajit Jha were removed from the party.[111]

Assembly elections, 2017

For the first time, the AAP contested the 2017 Goa Legislative Assembly election and 2017 Punjab Legislative Assembly election. In Goa the AAP could not win any seat, and 38 out of 39 candidates failed to save their security deposits.

For the 2017 Punjab Legislative Assembly election, the Lok Insaaf Party allied with the AAP. This alliance was called the AAP Alliance and was represented on news channels as AAP+. It won 22 seats in total, two of which were won by the Lok Insaaf Party and the other twenty by the AAP.

General election, 2019

See main article: 2019 Indian general election. Unlike the 2014 Indian general election, the Political Affairs Committee (PAC) of the party decided to contest elections on limited seats of some of the states and all the seats in Delhi, Goa,[112] and Punjab.[113] In the state of Haryana, the AAP formed an alliance with Dushyant Chautala's Jannayak Janata Party to contest three Lok Sabha constituencies.[114] [115] The PAC also decided to support and campaign for CPI (M) in Kerala.[116] The party also fielded its first transgender candidate from Allahabad in Uttar Pradesh.[117] The AAP won only 1 constituency of Sangrur.

Delhi Assembly election, 2020

Voting for the Delhi Assembly elections took place on 8 February 2020, following vehement campaigns run by the major political parties contesting the election.[118] The counting of votes and subsequent announcement of results happened on 11 February.

The Aam Aadmi Party retained the government as the party won 62 out of 70 seats.[119] [120] Arvind Kejriwal became the Chief Minister of Delhi for the third consecutive time. The party's vote share was 53.5%, according to the results.[121]

2021 Chandigarh elections

The AAP contested in 2021 Chandigarh Municipal Corporation election for the first time, won 14 seats and became the single largest party in the council of total 35 elected seats.[122] Sitting mayor Ravi Kant Sharma from BJP lost his seat to AAP candidate Damanpreet Singh.[123] In ward number 21, former mayor and BJP candidate Davesh Moudgil was defeated by AAP's Jasbir.[124]

Assembly elections in 2022

In January 2021, Arvind Kejriwal announced that AAP would be contesting six state elections in 2022. The six states were Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Goa, Gujarat, Uttarakhand, and Punjab.[125] The party won a landslide victory in Punjab, defeating the incumbent Congress government of Charanjit Singh Channi, and state party convener Bhagwant Mann was sworn in as the new CM. The party also gained two seats in Goa and five seats in Gujarat.

List of State Governments from AAP

NCT of Delhi

AssemblyChief MinisterMinistryDeputy Chief MinisterTenure
5th
Arvind Kejriwal		Kejriwal IVacant28 December 201314 February 201448 days
6thKejriwal II
Manish Sisodia
14 February 201515 February 20205 years, 1 day
7thKejriwal III16 February 2020Incumbent
Vacant

Punjab

List of MPs from AAP

Rajya Sabha

StateNamePortraitTerm startTerm end
DelhiSushil Kumar Gupta28 January 201827 January 2024
Sanjay Singh28 January 201827 January 2024
28 January 202427 January 2030
N. D. Gupta28 January 201827 January 2024
28 January 202427 January 2030
Swati Maliwal28 January 202427 January 2030
PunjabHarbhajan Singh10 April 20229 April 2028
Raghav Chadha10 April 20229 April 2028
Sandeep Pathak10 April 20229 April 2028
Ashok Mittal10 April 20229 April 2028
Sanjeev Arora10 April 20229 April 2028
Balbir Singh Seechewal5 July 20224 July 2028
Vikramjit Singh Sahney5 July 20224 July 2028

Lok Sabha

StateLok sabhaConstituencyPortraitNameElection
Punjab16thSangrurBhagwant Mann2014
Fatehgarh Sahib (SC)Harinder Singh Khalsa
Faridkot (SC)Sadhu Singh
PatialaDharamvir Gandhi
17thSangrurBhagwant Mann2019
JalandharSushil Kumar Rinku2023 (by poll)[126]
18thSangrurGurmeet Singh Meet Hayer2024
HoshiarpurRaj Kumar Chabbewal
Anandpur SahibMalvinder Singh Kang

Further reading

See also

References

Sources

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Official Spokespersons – Aam Aadmi Party. 7 July 2017. 17 August 2020. 15 August 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200815071446/https://aamaadmiparty.org/official-spokespersons/. live.
  2. Web site: Party's Address on Website. 5 May 2018. 6 April 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180406044404/http://aamaadmiparty.org. live.
  3. Web site: Election Commission grants national party status to AAP Dated 10.04.2023. The Hindu. 10 April 2023. India. 2013. 10 April 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230410144849/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/election-commission-grants-national-party-status-to-aap-withdraws-status-of-trinamool-congress-cpi/article66721271.ece. live.
  4. News: No soft Hindutva, no Left Revolution, Kejriwal establishing a new centre in Indian politics. 3 February 2020. Rama. Lakshmi. 20 June 2024. ThePrint. 23 October 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20221023071209/https://theprint.in/opinion/no-soft-hindutva-no-left-revolution-kejriwal-establishing-a-new-centre-in-indian-politics/358776/. live.
  5. News: The rise of AAP and a central question . 29 March 2022 . Asmin . Ali . . 20 June 2024 . 6 May 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220506023225/https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/the-rise-of-aap-and-a-central-question/article65268456.ece . live .
  6. 2015-02-21. On the Verge of Extinction. Economic & Political Weekly. 50. 8. 1 January 2023. 18 August 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220818113501/https://www.epw.in/journal/2015/8/editorials/verge-extinction.html. live.
  7. Web site: Understanding the Social Content of the Aam Aadmi Party. 27 November 2022. 27 November 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20221127152032/https://thewire.in/politics/aam-aadmi-party-social-content. live.
  8. News: Aam Aadmi Party has a crore members and counting. India Today. 27 January 2014. 26 August 2019. 26 August 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190826120321/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/aam-aadmi-party-has-a-crore-members-and-counting-178600-2014-01-27. live.
  9. Web site: AAP to launch youth wing on Sept 27. Our Bureau. Business Line. 21 September 2014. 6 July 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230706090915/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/national/. live.
  10. News: CYSS. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20140626192841/http://www.firstpost.com/politics/aaps-outing-in-du-north-campus-gets-tepid-response-1202799.html. 26 June 2014.
  11. Web site: Richa Pandey Mishra, President, AAP Mahila Shakti. 5 August 2018. 5 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180805052455/http://aamaadmiparty.org/teams/richa-pandey-mishra/. dead.
  12. Web site: आप ने बनाई नई टीम मिला नया टास्क. 26 September 2017. 22 December 2017. 8 May 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190508103757/https://www.bhaskar.com/news/CHH-RAI-HMU-MAT-latest-raipur-news-021503-135335-NOR.html. live.
  13. Web site: श्रमिक विकास संगठन का हस्ताक्षर अभियान शुरू. 22 December 2017. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20171107022134/http://www.jagran.com/odisha/rourkela-sramik-vikas-sangathan-14921138.html. 7 November 2017.
  14. Web site: श्रम विकास संगठन ने मांगों को लेकर हस्ताक्षर अभियान शुरू किया. 16 October 2016. 22 December 2017. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20161016154237/http://www.bhaskar.com/news/MP-OTH-MAT-latest-ganjbasoda-news-042503-1190635-NOR.html. 16 October 2016.
  15. Web site: श्रमिकों के 14052 रुपए वेतन को दिल्ली सरकार ने दी मंजूरी. bhaskar.com. 4 October 2022. 15 October 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20221015121840/https://www.bhaskar.com/news/UT-DEL-HMU-NEW-MAT-latest-new-delhi-news-040503-1076887-NOR.html. live.
  16. Prasant Bhushan, Yogendra Yadav, Kumar Vishwas, etc.
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  126. Joined BJP in 2024
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