A Moveable Feast Explained

A Moveable Feast
Author:Ernest Hemingway
Country:United States
Language:English
Genre:Memoir/Autobiography
Publisher:Scribner's (USA)
Jonathan Cape (UK)
Release Date:1964
External Url:https://www.fadedpage.com/showbook.php?pid=20141111

A Moveable Feast is a memoir by Ernest Hemingway about his years as a struggling expatriate journalist and writer in Paris during the 1920s. It was published posthumously in 1964.[1] The book chronicles Hemingway's first marriage to Hadley Richardson and his relationships with other cultural figures of the Lost Generation in interwar France.

Hemingway's memoir references many notable figures of the time including Sylvia Beach, Hilaire Belloc, Bror von Blixen-Finecke, Aleister Crowley, John Dos Passos, F. Scott and Zelda Fitzgerald, Ford Madox Ford, James Joyce, Wyndham Lewis, Pascin, Ezra Pound, Evan Shipman, Gertrude Stein, Alice B. Toklas, and Hermann von Wedderkop. The work mentions many bars, cafes, and hotels that still exist in Paris today.

Ernest Hemingway's suicide in July 1961 delayed the publication of the book, but the memoir was published posthumously in 1964 by his fourth wife and widow, Mary Hemingway, from the original manuscripts and notes. Another edition, with revisions by his grandson Seán Hemingway, was published in 2009.

Background

In November 1956, Hemingway recovered two small steamer trunks containing his notebooks from the 1920s that he had stored in the basement of the Hôtel Ritz Paris in March 1928. Hemingway's friend and biographer A. E. Hotchner, who was with him in Paris in 1956, recalled the event:

Hemingway had the notebooks transcribed and began to turn them into the memoir that would eventually become A Moveable Feast. After Hemingway's death in 1961, his widow Mary Hemingway made final copy-edits to the manuscript before its publication in 1964. In a "note" in the 1964 edition of the work, she wrote:

Researchers, including literary scholar Gerry Brenner from the University of Montana, examined Hemingway's notes and initial drafts of A Moveable Feast in the collection the John F. Kennedy Library in Boston, Massachusetts. In a 1982 paper titled "Are We Going to Hemingway's Feast?", Brenner documented Mary Hemingway's editing process and questioned its validity. He concluded that some of her changes were misguided and that others had questionable motives.[2] Brenner suggested that the changes contradicted Mary's "hands off" policy as executor.[3] Brenner stated that Mary had changed the order of the chapters in Hemingway's final draft to "preserve chronology" and disrupted the juxtaposition of character sketches of individuals like Sylvia Beach, owner of the bookstore Shakespeare and Company, and Gertrude Stein. Mary reinserted a chapter titled "Birth of a New School", which Hemingway had dropped from his draft. Brenner's most serious change was that the 1964 book deleted Hemingway's lengthy apology to Hadley, his first wife, which had appeared in various forms in every draft of the book. Brenner suggested that Mary deleted it because it impugned her role as wife.

Biographer Hotchner said that he had received a near final draft of A Moveable Feast in 1959, and that the version Mary Hemingway published was essentially the draft he had read then. In Hotchner's view, the original 1964 publication was the version that Hemingway intended and Mary Hemingway carried out Ernest's intentions.[4] Hotchner described Hemingway's memoir as "a serious work", which Hemingway "certainly intended it for publication", and contended: "Because Mary was busy with matters relating to Ernest’s estate, she had little involvement with the book.... What I read on the plane coming back from Cuba [in 1959] was essentially what was published. There was no extra chapter created by Mary.[4]

Title

The title, A Moveable Feast (a play on words for the term used for a holy day for which the date is not fixed), was suggested by Hemingway's friend and biographer A. E. Hotchner, who remembered Hemingway using the term in 1950. Hotchner's recollection of Hemingway's words became the source of the epigraph on the title page for the 1964 edition.[5]

The phrase appears in a 1946 English translation of The Stranger by Albert Camus: "Masson remarked that we’d had a very early lunch, but really lunch was a movable feast, you had it when you felt like it."[6]

Chapters

The 1964 edition of Hemingway's memoir consists of a preface by Hemingway (pg. ix), a "note" by his widow (pg. xi), and 20 independent chapters or sections. Each one can be read as a stand-alone piece or entity, not dependent upon the context of the whole work, nor necessarily arranged in any chronological order:[7]

Publishing history

The first edition was edited from Hemingway's manuscripts and notes by Mary Hemingway, his fourth wife and widow, and published posthumously in 1964, three years after Hemingway's death.[4] [3]

In 2009, another edition, titled the "Restored Edition", was published by Hemingway's grandson Seán Hemingway, curator at the Metropolitan Museum of Art,[8] and Pauline Pfeiffer. The 2009 edition made numerous changes:

From the new foreword by Patrick Hemingway:

"[H]ere is the last bit of professional writing by my father, the true foreword to A Moveable Feast: 'This book contains material from the remises of my memory and of my heart. Even if the one has been tampered with and the other does not exist'."[10]

Reception

Reactions to the 2009 edition

A.E. Hotchner alleged, among his other criticisms of the 2009 edition, that Seán Hemingway had edited it, in part, to exclude references to his grandmother (Hemingway's second wife Pauline Pfeiffer) that he found less than flattering.[4] On the 2009 edition, Hotchner said:

"Ernest was very protective of the words he wrote, words that gave the literary world a new style of writing. Surely he has the right to have these words protected against frivolous incursion, like this reworked volume that should be called “A Moveable Book”.[4]

Other critics have found fault with some of Seán Hemingway's editorial changes.[11] Irene Gammel wrote about the new edition: "Ethically and pragmatically, restoring an author's original intent is a slippery slope when the published text has stood the test of time and when edits have been approved by authors or their legal representatives." Pointing to the complexity of authorship, she concluded that “Mary's version should be considered the definitive one, while the 'restored' version provides access to important unpublished contextual sources that illuminate the evolution of the 1964 edition.”[12]

Legacy

Adaptations

On September 15, 2009, Variety reported that Mariel Hemingway, a granddaughter of Ernest Hemingway and his first wife, had acquired the film and television rights to the memoir with American film producer John Goldstone.[13] In 2019, it was reported that a television series was being developed through Village Roadshow Entertainment Group, but there was no planned release date.[14] [15]

Cultural references

In films

In literature

In stage performances

Revival in France

A Moveable Feast became a bestseller in France following the November 13, 2015 terrorist attacks in Paris.[17] In the context of the attacks, the book's French-language title, Paris est une fête, was seen as a symbol of defiance and celebration. Bookstore sales of the volume surged and copies of the book appeared in makeshift memorials across the city in honor of victims of the attacks.[17] [18]

Hemingway's wine

In A Moveable Feast, Hemingway described what life was like for aspiring writers in 1920s Paris. In addition to writing about his friendships, marriage, and writing routine in Parisian cafes, Hemingway also discussed his love of good wine, noting the different wines he and his friends enjoyed with their meals.[19]

With Pascin at the Dôme, "At home, over the sawmill, we had a Corsican wine that had a great authority and a low price. It was a very Corsican wine and you could dilute it by half with water and still receive its message."[22]

In September 2020, Chiswick Book Festival featured a wine and literature event celebrating Hemingway's wine in A Moveable Feast presented by Victoria Daskal.[24]

Bibliography

Further reading

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: A Case of Identity: Ernest Hemingway . Anders Hallengren . 28 August 2001 . www.nobelprize.org.
  2. Brenner, Gerry. Are We Going To Hemingway's Feast?. American Literature. 54. 4. December 1982. 528–544 . 10.2307/2926004 . 2926004 .
  3. Book: Hemingway, Mary. How It Was. New York. Ballantine. 1977.
  4. News: Don't Touch 'A Moveable Feast' . The New York Times . A. E. . Hotchner . 2009-07-19 . 2015-12-08.
  5. Book: Hotchner, A.E.. Papa Hemingway. New York. Random House. 1966. 57.
  6. Book: Camus . Albert . Gilbert . Stuart . The Stranger . 1946 . Alfred A. Knopf . New York . 34 . Vintage Books . 2 July 2022.
  7. Hemingway, Ernest - A Moveable Feast, Charles Scribner's Sons, New York, 1964.
  8. Web site: Meet the Staff . 2024-07-04 . The Metropolitan Museum of Art . en.
  9. Book: Hemingway, Ernest. Hemingway, Seán. Hemingway, Seán . A Moveable Feast: The Restored Edition. Scribner's. New York. 2009. 4.
  10. Hemingway, Seán (ed.) (2009), p. xiv
  11. News: Massie, Allan . August 5, 2009 . Rewrites and Wrongs . The Spectator . February 16, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120329053638/http://www.spectator.co.uk/books/5244378/life-and-letters.thtml . March 29, 2012 . dead . mdy-all .
  12. News: Gammel, Irene . August 21, 2009. A Changeable Feast. The Globe and Mail. February 16, 2013.
  13. News: Fleming. Mike. September 15, 2009. Hemingway's 'Feast' Heads to Screen. Variety. https://web.archive.org/web/20090924112247/http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118008666.html?categoryid=13&cs=1. September 24, 2009.
  14. Web site: Hemingway's 'A Moveable Feast' in the Works as TV Series. 2020-07-09. The Hollywood Reporter. 13 August 2019 . en.
  15. Web site: Petski. Denise. 2019-08-13. Ernest Hemingway's 'A Moveable Feast' In Works For TV With Village Roadshow Entertainment Group, Mariel Hemingway Among Producers. 2020-07-09. Deadline. en.
  16. News: Buchanan, Kyle. March 14, 2012. Fifty Years Ago Woody Allen Plotted Midnight in Paris in this Stand Up Routine. Vulture. May 9, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140901003416/http://www.vulture.com/2012/03/fifty-years-ago-woody-allen-plotted-midnight-in-paris-in-this-stand-up-routine.html. September 1, 2014. dead. mdy-all.
  17. News: A Moveable Feast: Sales surge for Hemingway's Paris memoir. Watson, Ivan. Sandrine, Amiel. amp. CNN . November 22, 2015.
  18. News: How Hemingway's A Moveable Feast Has Become a Bestseller in France; Following the deadly attacks in Paris, the author's memoir about life in the city has sold out of bookstores. Chandler, Adam. The Atlantic . November 23, 2015.
  19. Web site: A Moveable Feast Box & Tasting. 2020-09-16. Mummy Wine Club. en.
  20. Web site: Sancere Gérard Fiou. 2020-09-16. Mummy Wine Club. en.
  21. Web site: Domaine Corsin Macon. 2020-09-16. Mummy Wine Club. en.
  22. Web site: Domaine Culombu Corse. 2020-09-16. Mummy Wine Club. en.
  23. Web site: Chateau Chambert Cahors. 2020-09-16. Mummy Wine Club. en.
  24. Web site: Speakers 2020 -. 2020-09-16. en-US.

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