A Journey Charm Explained

The so-called "Journey Charm" (English, Old (ca.450-1100);: Færeld Spell) is one of the 12 Anglo-Saxon metrical charms written in Old English. It is a prayer written to summon protection from God and various other Christian figures from the hazards of the road.[1] It is of particular interest as evidence for popular Anglo-Saxon Christian religion.[2]

Content

A Journey Charm was a Speech Act, or a performative incantation, chant or prayer that was performed before a journey to ward off evil on the journey.[3] It mainly deals with a list of biblical characters, invoking their blessing, including everyone from Adam to Christ to Peter and Paul. The poem reflects the martial character of Anglo-Saxon Christian culture: Luke gives the journeyer a sword, Seraphim give him a "glorious spear of radiant good light", and he is well armed, with mail and shield too. The text gives us a unique insight into popular religious practices of Anglo-Saxon culture, and the particular rituals prescribed for journeys.

History

The charm survives in only one manuscript: the eleventh-century Cambridge, Corpus Christi College MS 41, where it is written into the margins of pp. 350-53.[1]

This text is part of the movement from Oral Tradition to a Writing tradition, and so is marked as Transitional Literature- a type of go-between in which oral performances are copied, but some of the performance parts are lost, assumed to be inferred, or hinted at.[4]

Facsimiles and Editions

Notes and References

  1. Stuart . Heather . 'Ic me on þisse gyrde beluce': the Structure and Meaning of the Old English Journey Charm . Medium Ævum . 1981 . 50 . 2 . 259–273 . . 10.2307/43628610 . 43628610 .
  2. Amies . Marion . The Journey Charm: A lorica for life's journey . Neophilologus . July 1983 . 67 . 3 . 448–462 . . 10.1007/BF01878311 . 161523196 .
  3. Garner . Lori Ann . Anglo-Saxon Charms in Performance . Oral Tradition . 2004 . 19 . 1 . 20–42 . 10.1353/ort.2004.0089 . 10355/64982 . 56119069 . free.
  4. Rupp . Katrin . The Anxiety of Writing: A Reading of the Old English Journey Charm . Oral Tradition . 2008 . 23 . 2 . 255–266 . 10.1353/ort.0.0026 . 10.1.1.558.3817 . 162443661 .