ATMOS 2000 explained

ATMOS
Origin:	Israel
Manufacturer:	Soltam Systems (now Elbit Systems)
Type:	Self-propelled howitzer
Is Vehicle:	yes
Is Artillery:	yes
Service:	2001
Wars:	2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
Caliber:
Max Range:	> with ERFB-BB
Crew:	2 to 6

ATMOS (Autonomous Truck Mounted howitzer System) is a 155 mm/52 calibre self-propelled gun system manufactured by Israeli military manufacturer Soltam Systems.

The system is long range, fast moving, truck mounted with high firepower and mobility, rapid deployment, short response time, operable in all terrain areas. The system is integrated with a fully computerized system, providing an automatic control, accurate navigation and target acquisition, the system is offered with various gun barrel lengths, ranging from 39 to 52 calibre, in order to meet different customer requirements.

Overview

The ATMOS is fitted with a 155 mm/52 calibre ordnance which conforms to NATO Joint Ballistic Memorandum of Understanding (JBMoU), and is mounted on a 6 × 6 cross-country truck chassis. The breech mechanism is horizontal sliding which automatically opens to the right with a self-sealing metal obturating ring. The buffer is a hydraulic cylinder with a hydro-pneumatic recuperator, and the recoil length is variable from 850 to 1,100 mm. Two pneumatic equilibrators balance the barrel, weapon elevation and traverse are all hydraulic and computer controlled. The gun's aiming gears, load assist systems and spades are operated by a hydraulic power pack. With a 155 mm/52 barrel, a 41km (25miles) maximum range can be achieved, using Extended Range Full-Bore - Base Bleed (ERFB-BB) projectile,^[1] 30km (20miles) firing the NATO L15 High Explosive (HE) projectile and 24.5km (15.2miles) firing the older M107 HE projectile.

The ATMOS 2000 carries a total of 27 155 mm projectiles and associated charges^[2] and can be operated by a 4-man crew, consisting of two loaders positioned on either side at the rear. The system provides a rate of fire of between 4 and 9 rds/min.

Development

Late in 2001, Soltam Systems released details of the latest version of its ATMOS 2000 whose existence was first revealed late in 1999.^[3] At that time, it was also referred to as the 155 mm Self-Propelled Wheeled Gun (SPWG). The ATMOS was developed as a private venture and is aimed mainly for export markets, although it has already been demonstrated to the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). Wheeled self-propelled guns are usually cheaper to procure than their more common tracked counterparts, have lower life cycle costs and are easier to operate and maintain. In addition, they also have greater strategic mobility and do not rely on Heavy Equipment Transporters (HETs). By late 2001, the system fired over 1,000 rounds, during extensive trials in Israel.

In mid-2003, an undisclosed export customer had placed a contract with the company worth USD5 million for an undisclosed batch of ATMOS 2000 systems. From late 2004 the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) carried out extensive field tests the ATMOS 155 mm/39 calibre system.^[4]

Variants

• ATROM – Romanian version that uses the same Soltam M-17 155 mm gun on a locally developed ROMAN 26.360 DFAEG 6x6 truck chassis.^[5] The system never entered production and the project was put on hold after three prototypes were built.^[6]
• AHS Kryl – Polish version on a Jelcz 663 armoured 6×6 chassis and integrating WB Electronics "Topaz" artillery fire control system. Production was planned for 2021, but never started.
• M758 ATMG - Thai version on a Tatra armoured 6×6 chassis jointly developed by Soltam and DTI. 24 systems were in service as of 2023.^[7]

Operators

Current operators

• Azerbaijani Army: 6 systems^[8]

• Botswana Defence Force: 5 systems in 2018^[9]

• Cameroonian Army: 18 systems^[10]

• Royal Danish Army: 1 system - 18 systems under construction.^[11] To replace the 19 ordered units of French produced CAESAR 8x8 howitzers that has been pledged to the Ukrainian armed forces.^{[12] [13]}

• Philippine Army: 12 systems^[14]

• Royal Thai Army: M758 ATMG - 24 systems+6 systems on order^[15]
• Royal Thai Marine Corps: ATMOS 2000 - 6 systems + 6 systems on order^[16]

• Rwandan Defence Force: at least 5 ATMOS 2000 systems^{[17] [18]}

• UPDF Land Forces: 6 systems^[19]

• Zambian Army: 6 systems^[20]

Future operators

• ATMOS 2000 was selected by the Brazilian Army in April 2024 for the acquisition of 36 systems.^[21]

• Colombian Army: The Colombian Army will acquire 18 units of the self-propelled howitzer developed by the Elbit Systems.^[22]

• As of 2017, a development of the ATMOS 2000 was selected to replace the M109s operated by the Israel Defense Forces.^[23]

Potential operators

• Of the five self-propelled artillery battalions, three are to be tracked and two are to be wheeled.^[24] According to Gen. Incicaș, the chief of the General Directorate for Armaments, the wheeled battalions are intended for the Vânători de munte, while the tracked battalions are intended for the heavy infantry units and the 282nd Armored Brigade.^[25] As of 2023, Elbit Systems is confirmed to participate with the ATMOS system in the contract bid.^[24]

• ATMOS is one of the favourites to win The Bulgarian Ministry of Defence's contract for new 155 mm Self-propelled howitzer.^[26]

Evaluation only

• The Polish Land Forces planned but never ordered the AHS Kryl 155mm Howitzer, a domestically made version of the ATMOS 2000^[27]

• ATROM variant prototypes only, the system never entered production.^[5]

• The US Army is interested in a more mobile artillery platforms. Some "Mobile Howitzer Trials and Shoot-Off" had been occurring in 2021.^[28] The systems tested were the CAESAR, the ATMOS 2000, the Archer and the Nora B-52. The Army was impressed by the Archer,^[29] also very positive with the CAESAR.^[30] But not much has filtered about potentially ordering one of these systems. As some M777 howitzers were donated to Ukraine, it is certainly possible that the Army would consider a truck mounted variant to compensate as a gap filler to cover the donated howitzers. But ultimately decided to not move forward with the decision.

External links

• ATMOS brochure on Elbit Systems web site

Video

Notes and References

1. Web site: ATMOS 155mm truck-mounted howitzer for increased mobility and enhanced firing capabilities . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230605004635/https://elbitsystems.com/media/Atmos-Poland_4_Web.pdf . 5 June 2023 . Elbit Systems.
2. Web site: Atmos 2000 155mm Self-Propelled Artillery System . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20231201130421/https://www.army-technology.com/projects/atmos2000/ . 1 December 2023 . Army Technology.
3. Web site: ATMOS 2000 155 mm self-propelled gun-howitzer . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230807124119/https://www.militarytoday.com/artillery/atmos_2000.htm . 7 August 2023 . militarytoday.com.
4. Web site: Pengelley . Rupert . Soltam offers ATMOS as mobile modular 155mm fire support solution . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110629103317/http://www.faqs.org/abstracts/Military-and-naval-science/Soltam-offers-ATMOS-as-mobile-modular-155mm-fire-support-solution.html . 29 June 2011 . faqs.org.
5. Web site: ATROM 155 mm self-propelled gun-howitzer . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20231114151148/https://www.militarytoday.com/artillery/atrom.htm . 14 November 2023 . 16 September 2023 . militarytoday.com.
6. Encyclopedia: Modern Romanian Armour . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20240107215350/https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/modern/romania/ . 7 January 2024 . 16 September 2023 . tanks-encyclopedia.com.
7. Web site: Grevatt . Jon . 31 August 2022 . Defense & Security 2022: Royal Thai Army expands artillery production . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230320111538/https://www.janes.com/amp/defense-security-2022-royal-thai-army-expands-artillery-production/ZnlJK3dHVU9mZ28xajRJVkc5dVI5VFp1cVMwPQ2 . 20 March 2023 . Janes.
8. Web site: SIPRI Arms Transfers Database . 7 December 2013 . Stockholm International Peace Research Institute.
9. Book: The Military Balance 2018 . 14 February 2018 . Routledge . 9781857439557 . 1st . 463 . en.
10. Book: The Military Balance 2010 . 2 February 2010 . Routledge . 9781857435573 . 1st . 298.
11. Web site: Fiorenza . Nicholas . 4 August 2023 . Denmark receives first ATMOS SPHs and PULS MRLs . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20231224175958/https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/denmark-receives-first-atmos-sphs-and-puls-mrls . 24 December 2023 . Janes.
12. Web site: Jørgensen . Lars Bach . 26 January 2023 . Denmarks buys artillery system and rocket launchers from Israel . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20231003232756/https://nyheder.tv2.dk/udland/2023-01-26-danmark-koeber-artillerisystemer-og-raketkastere-af-israel . 3 October 2023 . TV2 . Danish.
13. Web site: 26 January 2023 . Se video af nyt ildstøttesystem til Forsvaret . See video of new fire support system for the Armed Forces . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230929062836/https://www.fmi.dk/da/nyheder/2023/se-video-af-nyt-ildstoettesystem-til-forsvaret/ . 29 September 2023 . The Ministry of Defence's Materiel and Procurement Agency . Danish.
14. Web site: Mangosing . Francis . 5 January 2022 . Israeli self-propelled howitzers delivered to PH Army . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20231115205614/https://globalnation.inquirer.net/201590/israeli-self-propelled-howitzers-delivered-to-ph-army . 15 November 2023 . 8 January 2022 . INQUIRER.net.
15. Web site: Grevatt . Jon . 4 November 2013 . Elbit, Thai industry collaborate on ATMOS 155 mm SP howitzer . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131109095036/http://www.janes.com/article/29460/elbit-thai-industry-collaborate-on-atmos-155-mm-sp-howitzer . 9 November 2013 . 7 November 2013 . Janes.
16. Web site: 14 November 2023 . Royal Thai Army Expands M758 Autonomous Truck-Mounted Gun (ATMG) Production . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20231114151121/https://militaryleak.com/2023/11/14/royal-thai-army-expands-m758-autonomous-truck-mounted-gun-atmg-production/ . 14 November 2023 . 14 November 2023 . MilitaryLeak . en-US.
17. Web site: Binnie . Jeremy . 7 November 2016 . Rwanda exercises new ATMOS 2000 howitzers . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20161108132543/http://www.janes.com/article/65338/rwanda-exercises-new-atmos-2000-howitzers . 8 November 2016 . 7 November 2016 . Janes.
18. Web site: 20 November 2017 . Rwanda armed forces equipped with ATMOS and PLZ-89 howitzers . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230926185016/https://armyrecognition.com/november_2017_global_defense_security_news_industry/rwanda_armed_forces_equipped_with_atmos_and_plz-89_howitzers.html . 26 September 2023 . Army Recognition.
19. Book: The Military Balance 2010 . 2 February 2010 . Routledge . 9781857435573 . 1st . 331.
20. Web site: Cherisey . Erwan de . 22 June 2021 . Zambian military parades new equipment . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230529211233/https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/zambian-military-parades-new-equipment . 29 May 2023 . Janes.
21. Web site: Bastos . Paulo . 36 vehículos blindados ATMOS: el nuevo sniper de la Artillería del Ejército de Brasil . 29 April 2024 . Pucará Defensa . es.
22. Web site: Saumeth . Erich . 3 January 2023 . Colombia da marcha atrás en el último minuto y opta por el Atmos en lugar del Caesar . Colombia backs down at the last minute and opts for the Atmos instead of the Caesar . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230512012347/https://www.infodefensa.com/texto-diario/mostrar/4126461/-colombia-da-marcha-atras-ultimo-minuto-opta-atmos-lugar-caesar . 12 May 2023 . 4 January 2023 . Infodefensa . es.
23. News: Azulai . Yuval . 4 April 2017 . Elbit selected to develop IDF artillery capability . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230902003400/https://en.globes.co.il/en/article-elbit-systems-selected-to-develop-idf-artillery-capability-1001184031 . 2 September 2023 . Globes.
24. Web site: Mașina de luptă ASCOD și obuzierul pe roți ATMOS pot ajunge în România via Automecanica Moreni. Parteneriatele urmează să fie parafate. ro. 31 October 2023.
25. Podcasturile Observatorul militar, ep.31, invitat general-lt. dr. ing. Teodor Incicaș . . Studioul Multimedia - Observatorul militar . ro . video . 4 September 2023 . 31:55.
26. Web site: Ангелов . Георги А. . 12 September 2023 . Ракети, радари, бронирани машини. Как България се разбърза да превъоръжи армията заради агресията на Русия . Missiles, radars, armored vehicles. How Bulgaria hastened to rearm the army because of Russia's aggression . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20231201221025/http://www.svobodnaevropa.bg/a/32585458.html . 1 December 2023 . 24 September 2023 . Свободна Европа . bg.
27. Web site: Dombe . Ami Rojkes . 10 March 2016 . The Polish Army Will Receive Self-Propelled Howitzer Based on Elbit's ATMOS . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230416031050/https://www.israeldefense.co.il/en/content/polish-army-will-receive-self-propelled-howitzer-based-elbits-atmos . 16 April 2023 . Israel Defense.
28. Web site: Lye . Harry . 19 May 2021 . UK eyes US mobile howitzer shoot-off to inform Mobile Fires Platform . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20231002155128/https://www.army-technology.com/news/uk-eyes-us-mobile-howitzer-shoot-off-to-inform-mobile-fires-platform/ . 2 October 2023 . 15 April 2023 . Army Technology . en-US.
29. Web site: 11 October 2021 . BAE Systems' 155mm ARCHER successfully completes U.S. Army's shoot-off evaluation . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230415015143/https://www.baesystems.com/en/article/bae-systems-155mm-archer-successfully-completes-us-armys-shoot-off-evaluation . 15 April 2023 . BAE Systems.
30. Web site: Lagneau . Laurent . 19 January 2022 . Artillerie : Le CAESAr du français Nexter se distingue aux États-Unis en tirant des obus "Excalibur" . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230419043024/https://www.opex360.com/2022/01/19/artillerie-le-caesar-du-francais-nexter-se-distingue-aux-etats-unis-en-tirant-des-obus-excalibur/ . 19 April 2023 . 15 April 2023 . Zone Militaire . fr-FR.