ATP6V1F explained

Symbol:	ATP-synt_F
ATP-synt_F
Pfam:	PF01990
Interpro:	IPR008218

V-type proton ATPase subunit F is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ATP6V1F gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

This gene encodes a component of vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme that mediates acidification of eukaryotic intracellular organelles. V-ATPase dependent organelle acidification is necessary for such intracellular processes as protein sorting, zymogen activation, receptor-mediated endocytosis, and synaptic vesicle proton gradient generation. V-ATPase is composed of a cytosolic V1 domain and a transmembrane V0 domain. The V1 domain consists of three A and three B subunits, two G subunits plus the C, D, E, F, and H subunits. The V1 domain contains the ATP catalytic site. The V0 domain consists of five different subunits: a, c, c', c", and d. Additional isoforms of many of the V1 and V0 subunit proteins are encoded by multiple genes or alternatively spliced transcript variants. This encoded protein is the V1 domain F subunit protein.

Subunit F is a 16 kDa protein that is required for the assembly and activity of V-ATPase, and has a potential role in the differential targeting and regulation of the enzyme for specific organelles. This subunit is not necessary for the rotation of the ATPase V1 rotor, but it does promote catalysis.^[4]

Further reading

• Finbow ME, Harrison MA . The vacuolar H+-ATPase: a universal proton pump of eukaryotes . Biochem. J. . 324 . 3. 697–712 . 1997 . 9210392 . 10.1042/bj3240697. 1218484 .
• Stevens TH, Forgac M . Structure, function and regulation of the vacuolar (H+)-ATPase . Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. . 13 . 779–808 . 1998 . 9442887 . 10.1146/annurev.cellbio.13.1.779 .
• Nelson N, Harvey WR . Vacuolar and plasma membrane proton-adenosinetriphosphatases . Physiol. Rev. . 79 . 2 . 361–85 . 1999 . 10221984 . 10.1152/physrev.1999.79.2.361. 1477911 .
• Forgac M . Structure and properties of the vacuolar (H+)-ATPases . J. Biol. Chem. . 274 . 19 . 12951–4 . 1999 . 10224039 . 10.1074/jbc.274.19.12951 . free .
• Kane PM . Introduction: V-ATPases 1992-1998 . J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. . 31 . 1 . 3–5 . 1999 . 10340843 . 10.1023/A:1001884227654 .
• Wieczorek H, Brown D, Grinstein S . Animal plasma membrane energization by proton-motive V-ATPases . BioEssays . 21 . 8 . 637–48 . 1999 . 10440860 . 10.1002/(SICI)1521-1878(199908)21:8<637::AID-BIES3>3.0.CO;2-W . 23505139 . etal.
• Nishi T, Forgac M . The vacuolar (H+)-ATPases--nature's most versatile proton pumps . Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. . 3 . 2 . 94–103 . 2002 . 11836511 . 10.1038/nrm729 . 21122465 .
• Kawasaki-Nishi S, Nishi T, Forgac M . Proton translocation driven by ATP hydrolysis in V-ATPases . FEBS Lett. . 545 . 1 . 76–85 . 2003 . 12788495 . 10.1016/S0014-5793(03)00396-X . 10507213 .
• Morel N . Neurotransmitter release: the dark side of the vacuolar-H+ATPase . Biol. Cell . 95 . 7 . 453–7 . 2004 . 14597263 . 10.1016/S0248-4900(03)00075-3 . 17519696 . free .
• Cross SH, Charlton JA, Nan X, Bird AP . Purification of CpG islands using a methylated DNA binding column . Nat. Genet. . 6 . 3 . 236–44 . 1994 . 8012384 . 10.1038/ng0394-236 . 12847618 .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . etal. free .

Notes and References

1. Fujiwara T, Kawai A, Shimizu F, Hirano H, Okuno S, Takeda S, Ozaki K, Shimada Y, Nagata M, Watanabe T . Cloning, sequencing and expression of a novel cDNA encoding human vacuolar ATPase (14-kDa subunit) . DNA Res . 2 . 3 . 107–11 . Mar 1996 . 8581736 . 10.1093/dnares/2.3.107 . etal. free .
2. Peng SB, Crider BP, Tsai SJ, Xie XS, Stone DK . Identification of a 14-kDa subunit associated with the catalytic sector of clathrin-coated vesicle H+-ATPase . J Biol Chem . 271 . 6 . 3324–7 . Jun 1996 . 8621738 . 10.1074/jbc.271.6.3324 . free .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: ATP6V1F ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 14kDa, V1 subunit F.
4. Imamura H, Ikeda C, Yoshida M, Yokoyama K . The F subunit of Thermus thermophilus V1-ATPase promotes ATPase activity but is not necessary for rotation . J. Biol. Chem. . 279 . 17 . 18085–90 . April 2004 . 14963028 . 10.1074/jbc.M314204200 . free .