ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal V0 subunit a1 explained

V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a isoform 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ATP6V0A1 gene.^{[1] [2]}

This gene encodes a component of vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme that mediates acidification of eukaryotic intracellular organelles. V-ATPase dependent organelle acidification is necessary for such intracellular processes as protein sorting, zymogen activation, receptor-mediated endocytosis, and synaptic vesicle proton gradient generation. V-ATPase is composed of a cytosolic V1 domain and a transmembrane V0 domain. The V1 domain consists of three A and three B subunits, two G subunits plus the C, D, E, F, and H subunits. The V1 domain contains the ATP catalytic site. The V0 domain consists of five different subunits: a, c, c', c", and d. Additional isoforms of many of the V1 and V0 subunit proteins are encoded by multiple genes or alternatively spliced transcript variants. This gene encodes one of three A subunit proteins and the encoded protein is associated with clathrin-coated vesicles. The occurrence of splice variants encoding different protein products has been reported, but the full-length natures of these transcripts have not been determined.^[2]

Further reading

• Finbow ME, Harrison MA . The vacuolar H+-ATPase: a universal proton pump of eukaryotes. . Biochem. J. . 324 . 3. 697–712 . 1997 . 9210392 . 1218484 . 10.1042/bj3240697.
• Stevens TH, Forgac M . Structure, function and regulation of the vacuolar (H+)-ATPase. . Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. . 13 . 779–808 . 1998 . 9442887 . 10.1146/annurev.cellbio.13.1.779 .
• Nelson N, Harvey WR . Vacuolar and plasma membrane proton-adenosinetriphosphatases. . Physiol. Rev. . 79 . 2 . 361–85 . 1999 . 10221984 . 10.1152/physrev.1999.79.2.361. 1477911 .
• Forgac M . Structure and properties of the vacuolar (H+)-ATPases. . J. Biol. Chem. . 274 . 19 . 12951–4 . 1999 . 10224039 . 10.1074/jbc.274.19.12951. free .
• Kane PM . Introduction: V-ATPases 1992-1998. . J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. . 31 . 1 . 3–5 . 1999 . 10340843 . 10.1023/A:1001884227654.
• Wieczorek H, Brown D, Grinstein S . Animal plasma membrane energization by proton-motive V-ATPases. . BioEssays . 21 . 8 . 637–48 . 1999 . 10440860 . 10.1002/(SICI)1521-1878(199908)21:8<637::AID-BIES3>3.0.CO;2-W . 23505139 . etal.
• Nishi T, Forgac M . The vacuolar (H+)-ATPases--nature's most versatile proton pumps. . Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. . 3 . 2 . 94–103 . 2002 . 11836511 . 10.1038/nrm729 . 21122465 .
• Kawasaki-Nishi S, Nishi T, Forgac M . Proton translocation driven by ATP hydrolysis in V-ATPases. . FEBS Lett. . 545 . 1 . 76–85 . 2003 . 12788495 . 10.1016/S0014-5793(03)00396-X. 10507213 .
• Morel N . Neurotransmitter release: the dark side of the vacuolar-H+ATPase. . Biol. Cell . 95 . 7 . 453–7 . 2004 . 14597263 . 10.1016/S0248-4900(03)00075-3. 17519696 . free .
• Perin MS, Fried VA, Stone DK . Structure of the 116-kDa polypeptide of the clathrin-coated vesicle/synaptic vesicle proton pump. . J. Biol. Chem. . 266 . 6 . 3877–81 . 1991 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)67875-0 . 1704894 . etal. free .
• Maruyama K, Sugano S . Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides. . Gene . 138 . 1–2 . 171–4 . 1994 . 8125298 . 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 .
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K . Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library. . Gene . 200 . 1–2 . 149–56 . 1997 . 9373149 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. etal.

Notes and References

1. Brody LC, Abel KJ, Castilla LH, Couch FJ, McKinley DR, Yin G, Ho PP, Merajver S, Chandrasekharappa SC, Xu J . Construction of a transcription map surrounding the BRCA1 locus of human chromosome 17 . Genomics . 25 . 1 . 238–47 . Jul 1995 . 7774924 . 10.1016/0888-7543(95)80131-5 . etal. free .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: ATP6V0A1 ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal V0 subunit a1.