ATP5L explained

Symbol:	ATP-synt_G
ATP-synt_G
Pfam:	PF04718
Interpro:	IPR006808

ATP synthase subunit g, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ATP5MG gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Mitochondrial ATP synthase catalyzes ATP synthesis, utilizing an electrochemical gradient of protons across the inner membrane during oxidative phosphorylation. It is composed of two linked multi-subunit complexes: the soluble catalytic core, F1, and the membrane-spanning component, Fo, which comprises the proton channel. The F1 complex consists of 5 different subunits (alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon) assembled in a ratio of 3 alpha, 3 beta, and a single representative of the other 3. The Fo seems to have nine subunits (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, F6 and 8). This gene encodes the g subunit of the F0 complex.^[3]

The function of subunit G is currently unknown. There is no counterpart in chloroplast or bacterial F-ATPases identified so far.^[4]

Further reading

• Kinosita K, Yasuda R, Noji H . F1-ATPase: a highly efficient rotary ATP machine. . Essays Biochem. . 35 . 3–18 . 2003 . 12471886 . 10.1042/bse0350003.
• Oster G, Wang H . Rotary protein motors. . Trends Cell Biol. . 13 . 3 . 114–21 . 2003 . 12628343 . 10.1016/S0962-8924(03)00004-7 .
• Leyva JA, Bianchet MA, Amzel LM . Understanding ATP synthesis: structure and mechanism of the F1-ATPase (Review). . Mol. Membr. Biol. . 20 . 1 . 27–33 . 2003 . 12745923 . 10.1080/0968768031000066532 . 218895820 . free .
• Elston T, Wang H, Oster G . Energy transduction in ATP synthase. . Nature . 391 . 6666 . 510–3 . 1998 . 9461222 . 10.1038/35185 . 1998Natur.391..510E . 4406161 .
• Wang H, Oster G . Energy transduction in the F1 motor of ATP synthase. . Nature . 396 . 6708 . 279–82 . 1998 . 9834036 . 10.1038/24409 . 1998Natur.396..279W . 4424498 .
• Hartley JL, Temple GF, Brasch MA . DNA cloning using in vitro site-specific recombination. . Genome Res. . 10 . 11 . 1788–95 . 2001 . 11076863 . 10.1101/gr.143000 . 310948 .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . etal. free .
• Cross RL . Molecular motors: turning the ATP motor. . Nature . 427 . 6973 . 407–8 . 2004 . 14749816 . 10.1038/427407b . 2004Natur.427..407C . 52819856 . free .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 . etal.
• Wiemann S, Arlt D, Huber W . From ORFeome to biology: a functional genomics pipeline. . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2136–44 . 2004 . 15489336 . 10.1101/gr.2576704 . 528930 . etal.
• Mehrle A, Rosenfelder H, Schupp I . The LIFEdb database in 2006. . Nucleic Acids Res. . 34 . Database issue . D415–8 . 2006 . 16381901 . 10.1093/nar/gkj139 . 1347501 . etal.
• Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F . Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry. . Mol. Syst. Biol. . 3 . 1. 89 . 2007 . 17353931 . 10.1038/msb4100134 . 1847948 . etal.

Notes and References

1. Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R, Gassenhuber J, Glassl S, Ansorge W, Bocher M, Blocker H, Bauersachs S, Blum H, Lauber J, Dusterhoft A, Beyer A, Kohrer K, Strack N, Mewes HW, Ottenwalder B, Obermaier B, Tampe J, Heubner D, Wambutt R, Korn B, Klein M, Poustka A . Toward a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs . Genome Res . 11 . 3 . 422–35 . Mar 2001 . 11230166 . 311072 . 10.1101/gr.GR1547R .
2. Zhang QH, Ye M, Wu XY, Ren SX, Zhao M, Zhao CJ, Fu G, Shen Y, Fan HY, Lu G, Zhong M, Xu XR, Han ZG, Zhang JW, Tao J, Huang QH, Zhou J, Hu GX, Gu J, Chen SJ, Chen Z . Cloning and functional analysis of cDNAs with open reading frames for 300 previously undefined genes expressed in CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells . Genome Res . 10 . 10 . 1546–60 . Nov 2000 . 11042152 . 310934 . 10.1101/gr.140200 .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: ATP5MG ATP synthase membrane subunit g.
4. Collinson IR, Runswick MJ, Buchanan SK, Fearnley IM, Skehel JM, van Raaij MJ, Griffiths DE, Walker JE . Fo membrane domain of ATP synthase from bovine heart mitochondria: purification, subunit composition, and reconstitution with F1-ATPase . Biochemistry . 33 . 25 . 7971–8 . June 1994 . 8011660 . 10.1021/bi00191a026.