ATP5G1 explained

The ATP5MC1 gene is one of three human paralogs that encode membrane subunit c of the mitochondrial ATP synthase.^{[1] [2]}

Function

This gene encodes a subunit of mitochondrial ATP synthase. Mitochondrial ATP synthase catalyzes ATP synthesis, utilizing an electrochemical gradient of protons across the inner membrane during oxidative phosphorylation. ATP synthase is composed of two linked multi-subunit complexes: the soluble catalytic core, F1, and the membrane-spanning component, Fo, comprising the proton channel. The catalytic portion of mitochondrial ATP synthase consists of 5 different subunits (alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon) assembled with a stoichiometry of 3 alpha, 3 beta, and a single representative of the other 3. The proton channel seems to have nine subunits (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, F6 and 8). This gene is one of three genes that encode subunit c of the proton channel. Each of the three genes have distinct mitochondrial import sequences but encode the identical mature protein. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been identified.

Further reading

• Farrell LB, Nagley P . Human liver cDNA clones encoding proteolipid subunit 9 of the mitochondrial ATPase complex . Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications . 144 . 3 . 1257–64 . May 1987 . 2883974 . 10.1016/0006-291X(87)91446-X .
• Yan WL, Lerner TJ, Haines JL, Gusella JF . Sequence analysis and mapping of a novel human mitochondrial ATP synthase subunit 9 cDNA (ATP5G3) . Genomics . 24 . 2 . 375–7 . Nov 1994 . 7698763 . 10.1006/geno.1994.1631 .
• Higuti T, Kawamura Y, Kuroiwa K, Miyazaki S, Tsujita H . Molecular cloning and sequence of two cDNAs for human subunit c of H(+)-ATP synthase in mitochondria . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression . 1173 . 1 . 87–90 . Apr 1993 . 8485160 . 10.1016/0167-4781(93)90249-D .
• Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB . Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery . Genome Research . 6 . 9 . 791–806 . Sep 1996 . 8889548 . 10.1101/gr.6.9.791 . free .
• Elston T, Wang H, Oster G . Energy transduction in ATP synthase . Nature . 391 . 6666 . 510–3 . Jan 1998 . 9461222 . 10.1038/35185 . 1998Natur.391..510E . 4406161 .
• Wang H, Oster G . Energy transduction in the F1 motor of ATP synthase . Nature . 396 . 6708 . 279–82 . Nov 1998 . 9834036 . 10.1038/24409 . 1998Natur.396..279W . 4424498 .
• Hartley JL, Temple GF, Brasch MA . DNA cloning using in vitro site-specific recombination . Genome Research . 10 . 11 . 1788–95 . Nov 2000 . 11076863 . 310948 . 10.1101/gr.143000 .
• Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R, Gassenhuber J, Glassl S, Ansorge W, Böcher M, Blöcker H, Bauersachs S, Blum H, Lauber J, Düsterhöft A, Beyer A, Köhrer K, Strack N, Mewes HW, Ottenwälder B, Obermaier B, Tampe J, Heubner D, Wambutt R, Korn B, Klein M, Poustka A . Toward a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs . Genome Research . 11 . 3 . 422–35 . Mar 2001 . 11230166 . 311072 . 10.1101/gr.GR1547R .
• Cross RL . Molecular motors: turning the ATP motor . Nature . 427 . 6973 . 407–8 . Jan 2004 . 14749816 . 10.1038/427407b . 2004Natur.427..407C . 52819856 . free .
• Wiemann S, Arlt D, Huber W, Wellenreuther R, Schleeger S, Mehrle A, Bechtel S, Sauermann M, Korf U, Pepperkok R, Sültmann H, Poustka A . From ORFeome to biology: a functional genomics pipeline . Genome Research . 14 . 10B . 2136–44 . Oct 2004 . 15489336 . 528930 . 10.1101/gr.2576704 .
• Wang HL, Zhu ZM, Yerle M, Wu X, Wang H, Yang SL, Li K . Full-length coding sequences and mapping of porcine ATP6VOE and ATP5G1 genes . Cytogenetic and Genome Research . 109 . 4 . 533 . 2005 . 15906478 . 10.1159/000084223 . free .
• Mehrle A, Rosenfelder H, Schupp I, del Val C, Arlt D, Hahne F, Bechtel S, Simpson J, Hofmann O, Hide W, Glatting KH, Huber W, Pepperkok R, Poustka A, Wiemann S . The LIFEdb database in 2006 . Nucleic Acids Research . 34 . Database issue . D415–8 . Jan 2006 . 16381901 . 1347501 . 10.1093/nar/gkj139 .

Notes and References

1. Dyer MR, Walker JE . Sequences of members of the human gene family for the c subunit of mitochondrial ATP synthase . The Biochemical Journal . 293 . Pt 1 . 51–64 . Jul 1993 . 8328972 . 1134319 . 10.1042/bj2930051.
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: ATP5MC1 ATP synthase membrane subunit c locus 1.