Asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 explained

Asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ASGR1 gene.^[1]

Function

This gene encodes a subunit of the asialoglycoprotein receptor. This receptor is a transmembrane protein that plays a critical role in serum glycoprotein homeostasis by mediating the endocytosis and lysosomal degradation of glycoproteins with exposed terminal galactose or N-acetylgalactosamine residues. The asialoglycoprotein receptor may facilitate hepatic infection by multiple viruses including hepatitis B, and is also a target for liver-specific drug delivery. The asialoglycoprotein receptor is a hetero-oligomeric protein composed of major and minor subunits, which are encoded by different genes. The protein encoded by this gene is the more abundant major subunit. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene.

Further reading

• Yik JH, Saxena A, Weigel PH . The minor subunit splice variants, H2b and H2c, of the human asialoglycoprotein receptor are present with the major subunit H1 in different hetero-oligomeric receptor complexes . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 25 . 23076–83 . June 2002 . 11943787 . 10.1074/jbc.M202748200 . free .
• Seow YY, Tan MG, Woo KT . Expression of a functional asialoglycoprotein receptor in human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells . Nephron . 91 . 3 . 431–8 . July 2002 . 12119473 . 10.1159/000064283 . 46876654 .
• Huang T, Deng H, Wolkoff AW, Stockert RJ . Phosphorylation-dependent interaction of the asialoglycoprotein receptor with molecular chaperones . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 40 . 37798–803 . October 2002 . 12167617 . 10.1074/jbc.M204786200 . free .
• Yik JH, Saxena A, Weigel JA, Weigel PH . Palmitoylation-defective asialoglycoprotein receptors are normal in their cellular distribution and ability to bind ligand, but are defective in ligand uptake and degradation . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 297 . 4 . 980–6 . October 2002 . 12359251 . 10.1016/s0006-291x(02)02298-2.
• Yik JH, Weigel PH . The position of cysteine relative to the transmembrane domain is critical for palmitoylation of H1, the major subunit of the human asialoglycoprotein receptor . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 49 . 47305–12 . December 2002 . 12370180 . 10.1074/jbc.M208751200 . free .
• Sørensen AL, Rumjantseva V, Nayeb-Hashemi S, Clausen H, Hartwig JH, Wandall HH, Hoffmeister KM . Role of sialic acid for platelet life span: exposure of beta-galactose results in the rapid clearance of platelets from the circulation by asialoglycoprotein receptor-expressing liver macrophages and hepatocytes . Blood . 114 . 8 . 1645–54 . August 2009 . 19520807 . 2731641 . 10.1182/blood-2009-01-199414 .
• Yang J, Wang F, Tian L, Su J, Zhu X, Lin L, Ding X, Wang X, Wang S . Fibronectin and asialoglyprotein receptor mediate hepatitis B surface antigen binding to the cell surface . Arch. Virol. . 155 . 6 . 881–8 . June 2010 . 20364278 . 10.1007/s00705-010-0657-5 . 20899009 .
• Liu J, Hu B, Yang Y, Ma Z, Yu Y, Liu S, Wang B, Zhao X, Lu M, Yang D . A new splice variant of the major subunit of human asialoglycoprotein receptor encodes a secreted form in hepatocytes . PLOS ONE . 5 . 9 . e12934 . September 2010 . 20886072 . 2944864 . 10.1371/journal.pone.0012934 . 2010PLoSO...512934L . free .
• Zhang X, Lin SM, Chen TY, Liu M, Ye F, Chen YR, Shi L, He YL, Wu LX, Zheng SQ, Zhao YR, Zhang SL . Asialoglycoprotein receptor interacts with the preS1 domain of hepatitis B virus in vivo and in vitro . Arch. Virol. . 156 . 4 . 637–45 . April 2011 . 21207081 . 10.1007/s00705-010-0903-x . 20356590 .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: Asialoglycoprotein receptor 1. 2018-10-02.