ARM Cortex-A15 explained

ARM Cortex-A15
Produced-Start:In production late 2011,[1] to market late 2012[2]
Slowest:1.0 GHz
Fastest:2.5 GHz
Size-From:32 nm/28 nm initially[3]
Size-To:22 nm roadmap
Designfirm:ARM Holdings
Arch:ARMv7-A
Numcores:1–4 per cluster, 1–2 clusters per physical chip[4]
L1cache:64 KB (32 KB I-cache, 32 KB D-cache) per core
L2cache:Up to 4 MB[5] per cluster
L3cache:none

The ARM Cortex-A15 MPCore is a 32-bit processor core licensed by ARM Holdings implementing the ARMv7-A architecture. It is a multicore processor with out-of-order superscalar pipeline running at up to 2.5 GHz.[6]

Overview

See main article: article. ARM has claimed that the Cortex-A15 core is 40 percent more powerful than the Cortex-A9 core with the same number of cores at the same speed.[7] The first A15 designs came out in the autumn of 2011, but products based on the chip did not reach the market until 2012.

Key features of the Cortex-A15 core are:

Chips

First implementation came from Samsung in 2012 with the Exynos 5 Dual, which shipped in October 2012 with the Samsung Chromebook Series 3 (ARM version), followed in November by the Google Nexus 10.

Press announcements of current implementations:

Other licensees, such as LG,[22] [23] are expected to produce an A15 based design at some point.

Systems on a chip

Model Number CPU GPU Memory interface Wireless radio technologies Availability Utilizing devices
HiSilicon K3V328 nm HPLbig.LITTLE architecture using
1.8 GHz dual-core ARM Cortex-A15
+ dual-core ARM Cortex-A7
Mali-T628H2 2014
Nvidia Tegra 4 T4028 nm HPL1.9 GHz quad-core ARM Cortex-A15[24] + 1 low power core Nvidia GeForce @ 72 core, 672 MHz, 96.8 GFLOPS = 48 PS + 24 VU × 0.672 × 2 (96.8 GFLOPS)[25] (support DirectX 11+, OpenGL 4.X, and PhysX)32-bit dual-channel DDR3L or LPDDR3 up to 933 MHz (1866 MT/s data rate)Category 3 (100 Mbit/s) LTEQ2 2013Nvidia Shield Tegra Note 7
Nvidia Tegra 4 AP4028 nm HPL1.2-1.8 GHz quad-core + low power coreNvidia GPU 60 cores (support DirectX 11+, OpenGL 4.X, and PhysX)32-bit dual-channel 800 MHz LPDDR3Category 3 (100 Mbit/s) LTEQ3 2013
Nvidia Tegra K128 nm HPm2.3 GHz quad-core + battery saver coreKepler SMX (192 CUDA cores, 8 TMUs, 4 ROPs)32-bit dual-channel DDR3L, LPDDR3 or LPDDR2Q2 2014Jetson TK1 development board,[26] Lenovo ThinkVision 28, Xiaomi MiPad, Shield Tablet
Texas Instruments OMAP543028 nm1.7 GHz dual-corePowerVR SGX544MP2 @ 532 MHz + dedicated 2D graphics accelerator32-bit dual-channel 532 MHz LPDDR2Q2 2013phyCore-OMAP5430[27]
Texas Instruments OMAP543228 nm1.5 GHz dual-corePowerVR SGX544MP2 @ 532 MHz + dedicated 2D graphics accelerator32-bit dual-channel 532 MHz DDR3Q2 2013DragonBox Pyra, SVTronics EVM,[28] Compulab SBC-T54[29]
Texas Instruments AM57x28 nm1.5 GHz single or dual-corePowerVR SGX544MP2 @ 532 MHz + dedicated 2D graphics accelerator32-bit dual-channel 532 MHz DDR3Q4 2015BeagleBoard-X15,[30] BeagleBone AI,[31] Elesar Titanium[32]
Texas Instruments 66AK2x28 nm1.5 GHz single, dual, and quad core devices1-8 C66x DSP cores, radio acceleration, and many other application specific acceleratorsQ4 2015
Exynos 5 Dual[33]
(previously Exynos 5250)[34]
32 nm HKMG1.7 GHz dual-core ARM Cortex-A15 ARM Mali-T604[35] (quad-core) @ 533 MHz; 68.224 GFLOPS 32-bit dual-channel 800 MHz LPDDR3/DDR3 (12.8 GB/sec) or 533 MHz LPDDR2 (8.5 GB/sec)Q3 2012Samsung Chromebook XE303C12,[36] Google Nexus 10, Arndale Board,[37] Huins ACHRO 5250 Exynos,[38] Freelander PD800 HD,[39] Voyo A15, HP Chromebook 11, Samsung Homesync
Exynos 5 Octa[40] [41] [42]
(internally Exynos 5410)
28 nm HKMG1.6 GHz[43] quad-core ARM Cortex-A15 and 1.2 GHz quad-core ARM Cortex-A7 (ARM big.LITTLE)[44] IT PowerVR SGX544MP3 (tri-core) @ 480 MHz 49 GFLOPS (532 MHz in some full-screen apps)[45] 32-bit dual-channel 800 MHz LPDDR3 (12.8 GB/sec)Q2 2013Samsung Galaxy S4 I9500,[46] [47] Hardkernel ODROID-XU,[48] Meizu MX3, ZTE Grand S II TD[49] ODROID-XU
Exynos 5 Octa[50]
(internally Exynos 5420)
28 nm HKMG1.8-1.9 GHz quad-core ARM Cortex-A15 and 1.3 GHz quad-core ARM Cortex-A7 (ARM big.LITTLE with GTS)ARM Mali-T628 MP6 @ 533 MHz; 109 GFLOPS32-bit dual-channel 933 MHz LPDDR3e (14.9 GB/sec)Q3 2013Samsung Chromebook 2 11.6",[51] Samsung Galaxy Note 3,[52] Samsung Galaxy Note 10.1 (2014 Edition), Samsung Galaxy Note Pro 12.2, Samsung Galaxy Tab Pro (12.2 & 10.1), Arndale Octa Board, Galaxy S5 SM-G900H [53]
Exynos 5 Octa[54]
(internally Exynos 5422)
28 nm HKMG2.1 GHz quad-core ARM Cortex-A15 and 1.5 GHz quad-core ARM Cortex-A7 (ARM big.LITTLE with GTS)ARM Mali-T628 MP6 @ 695 MHz (142 Gflops)32-bit dual-channel 933 MHz LPDDR3/DDR3 (14.9 GB/sec)Q2 2014Galaxy S5 SM-G900, Hardkernel ODROID-XU3 & ODROID-XU4[55]
Exynos 5 Octa[56]
(internally Exynos 5800)
28 nm HKMG2.1 GHz quad-core ARM Cortex-A15 and 1.3 GHz quad-core ARM Cortex-A7 (ARM big.LITTLE with GTS)ARM Mali-T628 MP6 @ 695 MHz (142 Gflops)32-bit dual-channel 933 MHz LPDDR3/DDR3 (14.9 GB/sec)Q2 2014Samsung Chromebook 2 13,3"[57]
Exynos 5 Hexa[58]
(internally Exynos 5260)
28 nm HKMG1.7 GHz dual-core ARM Cortex-A15 and 1.3 GHz quad-core ARM Cortex-A7 (ARM big.LITTLE with GTS)ARM Mali-T62432-bit dual-channel 800 MHz LPDDR3 (12.8 GB/sec)Q2 2014Galaxy Note 3 Neo (announced January 31, 2014), Samsung Galaxy K zoom[59]
Allwinner A80 Octa[60] 28 nm HPmQuad-core ARM Cortex-A15 and Quad-core ARM Cortex-A7 (ARM big.LITTLE with GTS)PowerVR G6230 (Rogue)32-bit dual-channel DDR3/DDR3L/LPDDR3 or LPDDR2[61]

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. http://www.anandtech.com/show/4153/ti-reveals-omap-5-the-first-arm-cortex-a15-soc TI Reveals OMAP 5: The First ARM Cortex A15 SoC
  2. Web site: ARM Expects First Cortex-A15 Devices in Late 2012 . 2011-05-22 . 2011-06-25 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110625002618/http://www.pcworld.com/article/225624/arm_expects_first_cortexa15_devices_in_late_2012.html#tk.rss_news . dead .
  3. http://arm.com/about/newsroom/arm-unveils-cortex-a15-mpcore-processor-to-dramatically-accelerate-capabilities.php ARM Unveils Cortex-A15 MPCore Processor to Dramatically Accelerate Capabilities of Mobile, Consumer and Infrastructure Applications
  4. Web site: CoreLink Network Interconnect for AMBA AXI . 2011-05-22 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110405131223/http://mobile.arm.com/products/system-ip/interconnect/axi/index.php . 2011-04-05 . dead .
  5. http://www.arm.com/products/processors/cortex-a/cortex-a15.php Cortex-A15 Processor
  6. http://www.arm.com/products/processors/cortex-a/cortex-a15.php ARM Cortex-A15 - ARM Processor
  7. http://www.itproportal.com/2011/03/14/exclusive-arm-cortex-a15-40-cent-faster-cortex-a9/ Exclusive : ARM Cortex-A15 "40 Per Cent" Faster Than Cortex-A9
  8. Web site: Morgan . Timothy Prickett . Calxeda plots server dominance with ARM SoCs . 2023-06-23 . www.theregister.com . en.
  9. Web site: ARM: Add support for the Large Physical Address Extensions [LWN.net] ]. 2023-06-23 . lwn.net.
  10. Web site: ARM7 40-bit, virtualization . Rick . Merritt . 23 August 2010 . EE Times.
  11. http://www.arm.com/files/pdf/AT-Exploring_the_Design_of_the_Cortex-A15.pdf Exploring the Design of the Cortex-A15 Processor
  12. http://www.arm.com/products/processors/cortex-a/cortex-a15.php "ARM A15 web page, Specification tab"
  13. http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0438e/BABJCIJJ.html "Cortex-A15 MPCore Technical Reference Manual"
  14. https://archive.today/20130505153526/http://www.thinq.co.uk/2011/2/17/broadcom-announces-plans-arms-cortex-a15-soc/ Broadcom announces plans for ARM's Cortex-A15 SoC | thinq
  15. http://www.tomshardware.com/news/Huawei-HiSilicon-K3V3-Chipset-Smartphones,20327.html Huawei Announces HiSilicon K3V3 Chipset For Smartphones
  16. https://web.archive.org/web/20110107082331/http://pressroom.nvidia.com/easyir/customrel.do?easyirid=A0D622CE9F579F09&version=live&prid=705184&releasejsp=release_157&xhtml=true NVIDIA Announces "Project Denver" to Build Custom CPU Cores Based on ARM Architecture, Targeting Personal Computers to Supercomputers - NVIDIA Newsroom
  17. http://www.samsung.com/global/business/semiconductor/newsView.do?news_id=1267 Samsung Announces Industry First ARM Cortex-A15 Processor Samples for Tablet Computers
  18. http://www.stericsson.com/press_releases/NovaThor.jsp Changing the game: ST-Ericsson Unveils NovaThor Family of Smartphone Platforms Combining its Most Advanced Application Processors with the Latest Generation of Modems
  19. Web site: Exclusive : ARM Cortex-A15 "40 Per Cent" Faster Than Cortex-A9 . Desire Athow . 14 March 2011 . 2011-01-22.
  20. Web site: OMAP Applications Processors - OMAP 5 Platform . 2011-06-05 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110212015509/http://www.ti.com/ww/en/omap/omap5/omap5-platform.html?DCMP=OMAP5&HQS=Other+PR+wbu_omap5_pr_v . 2011-02-12 . dead .
  21. http://newscenter.ti.com/2015-10-14-TI-disrupts-the-embedded-market-with-the-most-powerful-SoCs-featuring-real-time-processing-and-multimedia TI disrupts the embedded market with the most powerful SoCs featuring real-time processing and multimedia
  22. http://www.arm.com/about/newsroom/lg-electronics-licenses-arm-processor-technology-to-drive-platform-strategy-in-home-and-mobile-markets.php LG Electronics Licenses ARM Processor Technology to Drive - ARM
  23. http://www.itproportal.com/2011/04/26/why-lg-getting-arm-cortex-a15-license-big-deal/ Why LG Getting ARM Cortex A15 License Is A Big Deal | ITProPortal.com
  24. Web site: NVIDIA Embedded Systems for Next-Gen Autonomous Machines.
  25. Web site: 359GSM Forum • Виж темата - Nvidia Tegra 4 Wayne (FULL) . 2013-04-10 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130515163954/http://www.359gsm.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=127&t=13134&p=26833#p26833 . 2013-05-15 . dead .
  26. Web site: Jetson TK1 development board . 2014-05-02 . 2015-09-05 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150905181415/https://developer.nvidia.com/jetson-tk1 . dead .
  27. Web site: The phyCORE-OMAP5430 System on Module . 8 February 2016 . 2 March 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160302142132/http://phytec.com/products/system-on-modules/phycore/omap5430/ . dead .
  28. Web site: OMAP5432 EVM . 8 February 2016.
  29. Web site: TI OMAP5 System-on-Module (SoM) . 8 February 2016.
  30. Web site: BeagleBoard.org - x15 . 2023-06-23 . beagleboard.org.
  31. Web site: BeagleBoard.org - AI . 2023-06-23 . beagleboard.org.
  32. Web site: Titanium motherboard + Linux operating system . 2023-06-23 . shop.elesar.co.uk.
  33. Web site: Samsung Exynos 5 Dual . Products . Samsung Electronics Co.Ltd. . 7 October 2013.
  34. Web site: Samsung Announces Industry First ARM Cortex-A15 Processor Samples for Tablet Computers . News . Samsung Electronics Co.Ltd. . 30 November 2011 . 7 October 2013.
  35. Web site: Samsung Exynos 5 Dual (Exynos 5250) RISC Microprocessor User's Manual Revision 1.0 . Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. . October 2012 . 7 October 2013.
  36. Web site: Samsung Chromebook . 7 October 2013.
  37. Web site: ArndaleBoard.org . www.arndaleboard.org . 7 October 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130926124911/http://www.arndaleboard.org/wiki/index.php/Main_Page . 2013-09-26 . dead .
  38. Web site: 휴인스 . Huins.com . 2013-07-10.
  39. Web site: Freelander PD800 HD Dual Core Exynos 5250 Android 4.2 Tablet PC 9.7" Retina Capacitive Touch Screen 2048*1536 2GB/16GB BT White . GeekBuying.com . 10 July 2013 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20130719172028/http://www.geekbuying.com/item/Freelander-PD800HD-Dual-Core-Exynos-5250-Android-4-2-Tablet-PC-9-7--Retina-Capacitive-Touch-Screen-2048-1536-2GB-16GB-BT-White-315165.html . 19 July 2013 .
  40. Web site: Samsung Highlights Innovations in Mobile Experiences Driven by Components, in CES Keynote . CES News . SAMSUNG . 9 January 2013 . 7 October 2013.
  41. Web site: 2013 International CES Keynote . Events . SAMSUNG . 9 January 2013 . 7 October 2013.
  42. Web site: Nguyen . Hubert . Samsung Exynos 5 Octa Specs & Details . Uberzigmo . Blogzilla LL . 17 January 2013 . 7 October 2013.
  43. Web site: New Samsung Exynos 5 Octa . Products . Samsung Electronics Co.Ltd. . 7 October 2013.
  44. Web site: Big.LITTLE Processing with ARM Cortex-A15 & Cortex-A7 . Arm.com . 7 October 2013 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120417183714/http://www.arm.com/files/downloads/big.LITTLE_Final.pdf . 17 April 2012 .
  45. Web site: Update on GPU Optimizations in Galaxy S 4 . AnandTech . 7 October 2013.
  46. Web site: Samsung Galaxy S4 32 GB . CaCell . 7 October 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131014042537/http://www.cacell.co.za/Samsung-Galaxy-S4-32Gb . 2013-10-14 . dead .
  47. Web site: Your country will get Exynos or Snapdragon variant of the Galaxy S 4, we have the answer! . SamMobile.com . 20 March 2013 . 17 October 2013.
  48. Web site: Products: Exynos5 Octa . Odroid Platform Developer . Hardkernel Co., Ltd. . 7 October 2013 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131002062352/http://www.hardkernel.com/renewal_2011/products/prdt_info.php?g_code=G137510300620 . 2 October 2013 .
  49. Web site: ZTE Grand S II TD . DeviceSpecifications . 10 January 2014.
  50. Web site: New Samsung Exynos 5 Octa . Products . Samsung Electronics Co.Ltd. . 7 October 2013.
  51. Web site: Samsung Chromebook 2 11.6 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20140815080514/http://www.samsung.com/us/computer/chrome-os-devices/xe503c12-k02us/ . 2014-08-15 .
  52. Web site: Samsung Galaxy Note 3 specs and features now official . Androidauthority.com . 4 September 2013 . 7 October 2013 . 28 September 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130928031135/http://www.androidauthority.com/samsung-galaxy-note-3-specs-and-features-now-official-261958/ . dead .
  53. Web site: Samsung Galaxy S5| Buy Samsung Galaxy S5 Online - Samsung India eStore . 2014-05-02 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140710182635/https://www.samsungindiaestore.com/products/mobiles/Galaxy_S5_SM-G900HZWA . 2014-07-10 . dead .
  54. Web site: Samsung Unveils New Products from its System LSI Business at Mobile World Congress . Samsung Tomorrow . 26 February 2013 . 16 March 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140316044700/http://global.samsungtomorrow.com/?p=34630 . dead .
  55. Web site: Products: Exynos5 Octa . Odroid Platform Developer . Hardkernel Co., Ltd. . 24 December 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150102021810/http://www.hardkernel.com/main/products/prdt_info.php?g_code=G140448267127 . 2 January 2015 . dead .
  56. Web site: Samsung Exynos . Samsung Tomorrow . 28 April 2014.
  57. Web site: Samsung Chromebook 2 13.3.
  58. Web site: Samsung Unveils New Products from its System LSI Business at Mobile World Congress . 26 February 2014 . 2 May 2014 . 16 March 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140316044700/http://global.samsungtomorrow.com/?p=34630 . dead .
  59. Web site: Samsung Galaxy K zoom . DeviceSpecifications . 29 April 2014.
  60. Web site: Allwinner UltraOcta A80 processor packs a PowerVR Series6 GPU with 64 cores . March 2014 . Imagination . 2014-05-02 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140903052616/http://withimagination.imgtec.com/powervr/allwinner-ultraocta-a80-processor-packs-powervr-series6-gpu-64-cores . 2014-09-03 . dead .
  61. Web site: A80 . May 2014 . Allwinner . 2014-05-02 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140502043230/http://allwinnertech.com/en/clq/processora/2014/0223/261.html . 2014-05-02 . dead .