ARMCX5 is an armadillo repeat–containing protein that is encoded by the X-linked ARMCX5 gene. It is conserved only in Eutheria,[1] a specific group of placental mammals, but no further back in evolutionary time. ARMCX5 contains 3 ARM-like repeats, DUF364, and ARM-type fold.[2]
| Accession Number | NC_0002.10 | |
|---|---|---|
| Aliases | FLJ12969, FLJ13382, and RP4-769N13.3 | |
| Chromosomal location | Xq22.1-q22.3 | |
| Gene size | 4991 base pairs | |
| mRNA size | 2924 base pairs | |
| Protein size | 588 amino acids |
ARMCX5 has 6 splice variants.
| Splice isoform/transcript variant | mRNA sequence length | Accession number | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2924 | NM_001168479.1 | |
| 2 | 2695 | NM_022838.3 | |
| 3 | 2808 | NM_001168478.1 | |
| 4 | 2918 | NM_001168480.1 | |
| 5 | 2805 | NM_001168485.1 | |
| 6 | 2707 | NM_001168482.1 |
ARMCX5 has ten orthologs.
| Ortholog genus name | Common name | Accession number | Sequence length | Sequence identity | Sequence similarity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pongo abelli | Orangatuan | XP_002831961.1 | 547 | 97.1% | 99% |
| Macaca mulata | Rhesus monkey | EHH30927.1 | 558 | 95.3% | 97% |
| Macaca fascicularis | Crab eating macaque | EHH61076.1 | 558 | 95% | 97% |
| Callithrix Jacchus | Common marmoset | XP_002763850.1 | 568 | 89.4% | 93% |
| Equus caballus | Horse | NC009175.2 | 609 | 80% | 85% |
| Canis lupus familiaris | dog | XP_538116.2 | 608 | 79% | 85% |
| Sus scrofa | Common pig | XP_003135327.2 | 732 | 78% | 85% |
| Oryctolagus cuniculus | Common rabbit | XP_00272091.1 | 547 | 76.8% | 85% |
| Rattus norvegicus | Common rat | XP_001499348.2 | 567 | 61.1% | 76% |
| Mus musculus | Mouse | NP_001009575.2 | 606 | 57% | 71% |
ARMCX5 has 8 paralogs listed by genecards: GPRASP2, ARMCX1, BHLHB9, ARMCX2, GPRASP1, ARMCX6, ARMCX10, and ARMCX3.[2]
Proteins containing this ARMCX5 domain interact with numerous other proteins. Through these interactions, they are involved in a wide variety of processes including carcinogenesis, control of cellular ageing and survival, regulation f circadian rhythm and lysosomal sorting of G-protein coupled receptors.[2]
Because DUF364 contains a PLP-dependent transferase-like fold, the genomic context suggests that it may have a role in anaerobic vitamin B12 biosynthesis.[5]
ARMCX5 is a highly ubiquitously expressed gene that has shown expression in many tissues.
| Body Site | Transcripts per million | Gene EST/Total EST in pool |
|---|---|---|
| Brain | 25 | 28/1092524 |
| Bone marrow | 82 | 4/48711 |
| Mouth | 60 | 4/66139 |
| Vascular | 58 | 3/51637 |
| Spleen | 56 | 3/53365 |
| Mammary gland | 52 | 8/151228 |
| Esophagus | 49 | 1/20152 |
| Larynx | 42 | 1/23489 |
| Trachea | 38 | 2/51769 |
| Muscle | 37 | 4/106323 |
| Testes | 33 | 11/327305 |