APOBEC3D explained

Probable DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3D is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOBEC3D gene.^{[1] [2]}

This gene is a member of the cytidine deaminase gene family. It is one of seven related genes or pseudogenes found in a cluster, thought to result from gene duplication, on chromosome 22. Members of the cluster encode proteins that are structurally and functionally related to the C to U RNA-editing cytidine deaminase APOBEC1 and inhibit retroviruses, such as HIV, by deaminating cytosine residues in nascent retroviral cDNA.

References

Identification of APOBEC3DE as another antiretroviral factor from the human APOBEC family.Dang Y, Wang X, Esselman WJ, Zheng YH.J Virol. 2006 Nov;80(21):10522-33. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01123-06. Epub 2006 Aug 18.

Further reading

• Wedekind JE, Dance GS, Sowden MP, Smith HC . Messenger RNA editing in mammals: new members of the APOBEC family seeking roles in the family business . Trends Genet. . 19 . 4 . 207–16 . 2003 . 12683974 . 10.1016/S0168-9525(03)00054-4 .
• Harris RS, Liddament MT . Retroviral restriction by APOBEC proteins . Nat. Rev. Immunol. . 4 . 11 . 868–77 . 2004 . 15516966 . 10.1038/nri1489 . 10789405 .
• Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA . The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22 . Nature . 402 . 6761 . 489–95 . 1999 . 10591208 . 10.1038/990031 . 1999Natur.402..489D . etal. free .
• Dias Neto E, Correa RG, Verjovski-Almeida S . Shotgun sequencing of the human transcriptome with ORF expressed sequence tags . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 97 . 7 . 3491–6 . 2000 . 10737800 . 10.1073/pnas.97.7.3491 . 16267 . 2000PNAS...97.3491D . etal. free .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . etal. free .
• Mariani R, Chen D, Schröfelbauer B . Species-specific exclusion of APOBEC3G from HIV-1 virions by Vif . Cell . 114 . 1 . 21–31 . 2003 . 12859895 . 10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00515-4 . etal. free .
• Sawyer SL, Emerman M, Malik HS . Ancient adaptive evolution of the primate antiviral DNA-editing enzyme APOBEC3G . PLOS Biol. . 2 . 9 . E275 . 2006 . 15269786 . 10.1371/journal.pbio.0020275 . 479043 . free .
• Collins JE, Wright CL, Edwards CA . A genome annotation-driven approach to cloning the human ORFeome . Genome Biol. . 5 . 10 . R84 . 2005 . 15461802 . 10.1186/gb-2004-5-10-r84 . 545604 . etal . free .
• Dang Y, Wang X, Esselman WJ, Zheng YH . Identification of APOBEC3DE as another antiretroviral factor from the human APOBEC family . J. Virol. . 80 . 21 . 10522–33 . 2006 . 16920826 . 10.1128/JVI.01123-06 . 1641744 .
• Kinomoto M, Kanno T, Shimura M . All APOBEC3 family proteins differentially inhibit LINE-1 retrotransposition . Nucleic Acids Res. . 35 . 9 . 2955–64 . 2007 . 17439959 . 10.1093/nar/gkm181 . 1888823. etal.

Notes and References

1. Jarmuz A, Chester A, Bayliss J, Gisbourne J, Dunham I, Scott J, Navaratnam N . An anthropoid-specific locus of orphan C to U RNA-editing enzymes on chromosome 22 . Genomics . 79 . 3 . 285–96 . Feb 2002 . 11863358 . 10.1006/geno.2002.6718 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: APOBEC3D apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3D (putative).