API5 explained

The human gene API5 encodes the protein Apoptosis inhibitor 5.^{[1] [2]}

This gene encodes an apoptosis inhibitory protein whose expression prevents apoptosis after growth factor deprivation. This protein suppresses the transcription factor E2F1-induced apoptosis and also interacts with, and negatively regulates acinus, a nuclear factor involved in apoptotic DNA fragmentation. Its depletion enhances the cytotoxic action of chemotherapeutic drugs. Crystal structure of API5 exhibited the function for protein-protein interaction ^[3]

Diseases associated with API5 include colon adenocarcinoma, and cervical cancer.

API5 functions in nuclear export of mRNA.^[4]

Further reading

• Gianfrancesco F, Esposito T, Ciccodicola A, D'Esposito M, Mazzarella R, D'Urso M, Forabosco A . Molecular cloning and fine mapping of API5L1, a novel human gene strongly related to an antiapoptotic gene . Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics . 84 . 3–4 . 164–6 . 1999 . 10393420 . 10.1159/000015247 . 44601647 .
• Kim JW, Cho HS, Kim JH, Hur SY, Kim TE, Lee JM, Kim IK, Namkoong SE . AAC-11 overexpression induces invasion and protects cervical cancer cells from apoptosis . Laboratory Investigation; A Journal of Technical Methods and Pathology . 80 . 4 . 587–94 . April 2000 . 10780674 . 10.1038/labinvest.3780008 . free .
• Van den Berghe L, Laurell H, Huez I, Zanibellato C, Prats H, Bugler B . FIF [fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2)-interacting-factor], a nuclear putatively antiapoptotic factor, interacts specifically with FGF-2 . Molecular Endocrinology . 14 . 11 . 1709–24 . November 2000 . 11075807 . 10.1210/me.14.11.1709 . free .
• Sutherland HG, Mumford GK, Newton K, Ford LV, Farrall R, Dellaire G, Cáceres JF, Bickmore WA . Large-scale identification of mammalian proteins localized to nuclear sub-compartments . Human Molecular Genetics . 10 . 18 . 1995–2011 . September 2001 . 11555636 . 10.1093/hmg/10.18.1995 . free .
• Li Z, Hu CY, Mo BQ, Xu JD, Zhao Y . [Effect of beta-carotene on gene expression of breast cancer cells] . AI Zheng = Aizheng = Chinese Journal of Cancer . 22 . 4 . 380–4 . April 2003 . 12703993 .
• Andersen JS, Lam YW, Leung AK, Ong SE, Lyon CE, Lamond AI, Mann M . Nucleolar proteome dynamics . Nature . 433 . 7021 . 77–83 . January 2005 . 15635413 . 10.1038/nature03207 . 2005Natur.433...77A . 4344740 .
• Kim JE, Tannenbaum SR, White FM . Global phosphoproteome of HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells . Journal of Proteome Research . 4 . 4 . 1339–46 . 2005 . 16083285 . 10.1021/pr050048h .
• Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, Macek B, Kumar C, Mortensen P, Mann M . Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks . Cell . 127 . 3 . 635–48 . November 2006 . 17081983 . 10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026 . 7827573 . free .
• Morris EJ, Michaud WA, Ji JY, Moon NS, Rocco JW, Dyson NJ . Functional identification of Api5 as a suppressor of E2F-dependent apoptosis in vivo . PLOS Genetics . 2 . 11 . e196 . November 2006 . 17112319 . 1636698 . 10.1371/journal.pgen.0020196 . free .
• Han BG, Kim KH, Lee SJ, Jeong KC, Cho JW, Noh KH, Kim TW, Kim SJ, Yoon HJ, Suh SW, Lee S, Lee BI . Helical repeat structure of apoptosis inhibitor 5 reveals protein-protein interaction modules . J Biol Chem . 287 . 10727–37 . 10.1074/jbc.M111.317594 . 3322819 . 22334682 . 2012. 14 . free .
• Bong SM, Bae SH, Song B, Gwak H, Yang SW, Kim S, Nam S, Rajalingam K, Oh SJ, Kim TW, Park S, Jang H, Lee BI . Regulation of mRNA Export Through API5 and Nuclear FGF2 Interaction. . Nucleic Acids Res. . 10.1093/nar/gkaa335 . 32383752 . 2020. free . 48 . 11 . 7293033 . 6340–6352 .

Notes and References

1. Tewari M, Yu M, Ross B, Dean C, Giordano A, Rubin R . AAC-11, a novel cDNA that inhibits apoptosis after growth factor withdrawal . Cancer Research . 57 . 18 . 4063–9 . September 1997 . 9307294 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: API5 apoptosis inhibitor 5.
3. Han BG, Kim KH, Lee SJ, Jeong KC, Cho JW, Noh KH, Kim TW, Kim SJ, Yoon HJ, Suh SW, Lee S, Lee BI . Helical repeat structure of apoptosis inhibitor 5 reveals protein-protein interaction modules . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 287 . 14 . 10727–37 . March 2012 . 22334682 . 10.1074/jbc.M111.317594 . 3322819 . free .
4. Bong SM, Bae SH, Song B, Gwak H, Yang SW, Kim S, Nam S, Rajalingam K, Oh SJ, Kim TW, Park S, Jang H, Lee BI . Regulation of mRNA Export Through API5 and Nuclear FGF2 Interaction. . Nucleic Acids Res. . 10.1093/nar/gkaa335 . 32383752 . 2020. free . 48 . 11 . 7293033 . 6340–6352 .