AP2S1 explained

AP-2 complex subunit sigma is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AP2S1 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

One of two major clathrin-associated adaptor complexes, AP-2, is a heterotetramer which is associated with the plasma membrane. This complex is composed of two large chains, a medium chain, and a small chain. This gene encodes the small chain of this complex. Alternative splicing has been observed in this gene and results in two known transcripts.^[3]

Further reading

• Pearse BM, Smith CJ, Owen DJ . Clathrin coat construction in endocytosis . Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. . 10 . 2 . 220–8 . 2000 . 10753805 . 10.1016/S0959-440X(00)00071-3 .
• Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F . Large-scale mapping of human protein–protein interactions by mass spectrometry . Mol. Syst. Biol. . 3 . 1. 89 . 2007 . 17353931 . 10.1038/msb4100134 . 1847948 . etal.
• Byland R, Vance PJ, Hoxie JA, Marsh M . A Conserved Dileucine Motif Mediates Clathrin and AP-2–dependent Endocytosis of the HIV-1 Envelope Protein . Mol. Biol. Cell . 18 . 2 . 414–25 . 2007 . 17108326 . 10.1091/mbc.E06-06-0535 . 1783771 .
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T . Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network . Nature . 437 . 7062 . 1173–8 . 2005 . 16189514 . 10.1038/nature04209 . etal . 2005Natur.437.1173R. 4427026 .
• Batonick M, Favre M, Boge M . Interaction of HIV-1 Gag with the clathrin-associated adaptor AP-2 . Virology . 342 . 2 . 190–200 . 2006 . 16139856 . 10.1016/j.virol.2005.08.001 . etal. free .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA . The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 . etal.
• Vendeville A, Rayne F, Bonhoure A . HIV-1 Tat Enters T Cells Using Coated Pits before Translocating from Acidified Endosomes and Eliciting Biological Responses . Mol. Biol. Cell . 15 . 5 . 2347–60 . 2005 . 15020715 . 10.1091/mbc.E03-12-0921 . 404028 . etal.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . etal . 2002PNAS...9916899M. free .
• Collins BM, McCoy AJ, Kent HM . Molecular architecture and functional model of the endocytic AP2 complex . Cell . 109 . 4 . 523–35 . 2002 . 12086608 . 10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00735-3 . 483953 . etal. free .
• Berlioz-Torrent C, Shacklett BL, Erdtmann L . Interactions of the Cytoplasmic Domains of Human and Simian Retroviral Transmembrane Proteins with Components of the Clathrin Adaptor Complexes Modulate Intracellular and Cell Surface Expression of Envelope Glycoproteins . J. Virol. . 73 . 2 . 1350–61 . 1999 . 9882340 . 10.1128/JVI.73.2.1350-1361.1999. 103959 . etal.
• Page LJ, Robinson MS . Targeting signals and subunit interactions in coated vesicle adaptor complexes . J. Cell Biol. . 131 . 3 . 619–30 . 1995 . 7593184 . 10.1083/jcb.131.3.619 . 2120623 .
• Kirchhausen T, Nathanson KL, Matsui W . Structural and functional division into two domains of the large (100- to 115-kDa) chains of the clathrin-associated protein complex AP-2 . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 86 . 8 . 2612–6 . 1989 . 2495531 . 10.1073/pnas.86.8.2612 . 286967 . 1989PNAS...86.2612K . etal. free .
• Kirchhausen T, Davis AC, Frucht S . AP17 and AP19, the mammalian small chains of the clathrin-associated protein complexes show homology to Yap17p, their putative homolog in yeast . J. Biol. Chem. . 266 . 17 . 11153–7 . 1991 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)99141-6 . 2040623 . etal. free .

Notes and References

1. Winterpacht A, Endele S, Enklaar T, Fuhry M, Zabel B . Human CLAPS2 encoding AP17, a small chain of the clathrin-associated protein complex: cDNA cloning and chromosomal assignment to 19q13.2→q13.3 . Cytogenet Cell Genet . 75 . 2–3 . 132–5 . Mar 1997 . 9040778 . 10.1159/000134463.
2. Holzmann K, Poltl A, Sauermann G . A novel spliced transcript of human CLAPS2 encoding a protein alternative to clathrin adaptor protein AP17 . Gene . 220 . 1–2 . 39–44 . Nov 1998 . 9767099 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(98)00406-5 .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: AP2S1 adaptor-related protein complex 2, sigma 1 subunit.