| AMSAT-OSCAR 51 (AO-51) | |
| Mission Type: | Amateur radio |
| Operator: | AMSAT-NA |
| Website: | The Echo Project Page |
| Cospar Id: | 2004-025K |
| Satcat: | 28375 |
| Launch Mass: | 11.14kg (24.56lb) |
| Launch Date: | UTC[1] |
| Launch Site: | Baikonur 109/95 |
| Launch Contractor: | ISC Kosmotras |
| Orbit Epoch: | 4 December 2013, 10:20:06 UTC[2] |
| Orbit Reference: | Geocentric |
| Orbit Regime: | Low Earth |
| Orbit Semimajor: | 7132.45km (4,431.9miles) |
| Orbit Eccentricity: | 0.0082657 |
| Orbit Periapsis: | 702km (436miles) |
| Orbit Apoapsis: | 820km (510miles) |
| Orbit Inclination: | 98.22 degrees |
| Orbit Period: | 99.91 minutes |
| Apsis: | gee |
AMSAT-OSCAR 51 or AO-51 is the in-orbit name designation of a now defunct (following battery failure) LEO amateur radio satellite of the OSCAR series; formerly known as ECHO, built by AMSAT. It was launched on June 29, 2004 from Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan on a Dnepr launch vehicle. It is in Sun synchronous low Earth orbit.
AO-51 contained an FM repeater with both 144 MHz (VHF) and 1.2 GHz (L band) uplinks and 435 MHz (UHF) and 2.4 GHz (S band) downlinks. It also contained a digital subsystem that transmitted telemetry on 70 cm and provided a complete PACSAT BBS that could be configured on both V band and S band uplinks. As well, there was a 10-meter PSK uplink.
AO-51 had four VHF receivers, two UHF transmitters, six modems, and 56 channels of telemetry. The two UHF transmitters were connected to four phased antennas, yielding right-hand circular polarization for the 435.300 downlink and left-hand circular polarization for the 435.150 downlink.
The AO-51 FM satellite was easily workable with an amateur radio VHF dual band hand-held radio, as long as you knew when the satellite's footprint was within reach. Transatlantic contacts had been made without much effort, as long as the satellite was approximately mid-Atlantic so that the edge of the satellites footprint was within reach on either continent.
As of May 2011 the satellite faced problems with the battery.[3] By September, a work around for the battery issue was found, bringing the repeater back in use. On November 29, 2011, the AO-51 Command Team announced that AO-51 has ceased transmission and is not responding to commands.[4]