AKAP1 explained

A kinase anchor protein 1, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AKAP1 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Function

The A-kinase anchor proteins (AKAPs) are a group of structurally diverse proteins that have the common function of binding to the regulatory subunit of protein kinase A (PKA) and confining the holoenzyme to discrete locations within the cell. This gene encodes a member of the AKAP family. The encoded protein binds to type I and type II regulatory subunits of PKA and anchors them to the mitochondrion. This protein is speculated to be involved in the cAMP-dependent signal transduction pathway and in directing RNA to a specific cellular compartment.

Interactions

AKAP1 has been shown to interact with:

• C3orf15,
• MYCBP,^{[4] [5]}
• PRKAR1A,^{[6] [7]}
• PRKAR1B,^[6] and
• PRKAR2A.^{[7] [8]}

Further reading

• Lester LB, Scott JD . Anchoring and scaffold proteins for kinases and phosphatases . Recent Prog. Horm. Res. . 52 . 409–29; discussion 429–30 . 1997 . 9238861 .
• Michel JJ, Scott JD . AKAP mediated signal transduction . Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. . 42 . 235–57 . 2002 . 11807172 . 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.42.083101.135801 .
• Huang LJ, Durick K, Weiner JA . Identification of a novel protein kinase A anchoring protein that binds both type I and type II regulatory subunits . J. Biol. Chem. . 272 . 12 . 8057–64 . 1997 . 9065479 . 10.1074/jbc.272.12.8057 . etal. free .
• Huang LJ, Wang L, Ma Y . NH2-Terminal Targeting Motifs Direct Dual Specificity A-Kinase–anchoring Protein 1 (D-AKAP1) to Either Mitochondria or Endoplasmic Reticulum . J. Cell Biol. . 145 . 5 . 951–9 . 1999 . 10352013 . 10.1083/jcb.145.5.951 . 2133123 . etal.
• Herberg FW, Maleszka A, Eide T . Analysis of A-kinase anchoring protein (AKAP) interaction with protein kinase A (PKA) regulatory subunits: PKA isoform specificity in AKAP binding . J. Mol. Biol. . 298 . 2 . 329–39 . 2000 . 10764601 . 10.1006/jmbi.2000.3662 . etal.
• Steen RL, Martins SB, Taskén K, Collas P . Recruitment of Protein Phosphatase 1 to the Nuclear Envelope by a-Kinase Anchoring Protein Akap149 Is a Prerequisite for Nuclear Lamina Assembly . J. Cell Biol. . 150 . 6 . 1251–62 . 2000 . 10995432 . 10.1083/jcb.150.6.1251 . 2150688 .
• Furusawa M, Ohnishi T, Taira T . AMY-1, a c-Myc-binding protein, is localized in the mitochondria of sperm by association with S-AKAP84, an anchor protein of cAMP-dependent protein kinase . J. Biol. Chem. . 276 . 39 . 36647–51 . 2001 . 11483602 . 10.1074/jbc.M103885200 . etal. free .
• Razani B, Lisanti MP . Two distinct caveolin-1 domains mediate the functional interaction of caveolin-1 with protein kinase A . Am. J. Physiol., Cell Physiol. . 281 . 4 . C1241–50 . 2001 . 11546661 . 10.1152/ajpcell.2001.281.4.C1241. 34190425 .
• Yukitake H, Furusawa M, Taira T . AAT-1, a novel testis-specific AMY-1-binding protein, forms a quaternary complex with AMY-1, A-kinase anchor protein 84, and a regulatory subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase and is phosphorylated by its kinase . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 47 . 45480–92 . 2003 . 12223483 . 10.1074/jbc.M206201200 . etal. free .
• Furusawa M, Taira T, Iguchi-Ariga SM, Ariga H . AMY-1 interacts with S-AKAP84 and AKAP95 in the cytoplasm and the nucleus, respectively, and inhibits cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity by preventing binding of its catalytic subunit to A-kinase-anchoring protein (AKAP) complex . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 52 . 50885–92 . 2003 . 12414807 . 10.1074/jbc.M206387200 . free .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . etal. free .
• Carlson CR, Ruppelt A, Taskén K . A kinase anchoring protein (AKAP) interaction and dimerization of the RIalpha and RIbeta regulatory subunits of protein kinase a in vivo by the yeast two hybrid system . J. Mol. Biol. . 327 . 3 . 609–18 . 2003 . 12634056 . 10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00093-7 .
• Steen RL, Beullens M, Landsverk HB . AKAP149 is a novel PP1 specifier required to maintain nuclear envelope integrity in G1 phase . J. Cell Sci. . 116 . Pt 11 . 2237–46 . 2004 . 12697839 . 10.1242/jcs.00432 . etal. free .
• Hillman RT, Green RE, Brenner SE . An unappreciated role for RNA surveillance . Genome Biol. . 5 . 2 . R8 . 2005 . 14759258 . 10.1186/gb-2004-5-2-r8 . 395752 . free .
• Cardone L, Carlucci A, Affaitati A . Mitochondrial AKAP121 Binds and Targets Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase D1, a Novel Positive Regulator of src Signaling . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 24 . 11 . 4613–26 . 2004 . 15143158 . 10.1128/MCB.24.11.4613-4626.2004 . 416429 . etal.
• Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D . Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 101 . 33 . 12130–5 . 2004 . 15302935 . 10.1073/pnas.0404720101 . 514446 . 2004PNAS..10112130B . etal. free .

Notes and References

1. Trendelenburg G, Hummel M, Riecken EO, Hanski C . Molecular characterization of AKAP149, a novel A kinase anchor protein with a KH domain . Biochem Biophys Res Commun . 225 . 1 . 313–9 . Sep 1996 . 8769136 . 10.1006/bbrc.1996.1172 .
2. Lin RY, Moss SB, Rubin CS . Characterization of S-AKAP84, a novel developmentally regulated A kinase anchor protein of male germ cells . J Biol Chem . 270 . 46 . 27804–11 . Jan 1996 . 7499250 . 10.1074/jbc.270.46.27804 . free .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: AKAP1 A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 1.
4. Nov 2002 . Yukitake H, Furusawa M, Taira T, Iguchi-Ariga SM, Ariga H . AAT-1, a novel testis-specific AMY-1-binding protein, forms a quaternary complex with AMY-1, A-kinase anchor protein 84, and a regulatory subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase and is phosphorylated by its kinase . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 47 . 45480–92 . 12223483 . 10.1074/jbc.M206201200. free .
5. Sep 2001 . Furusawa M, Ohnishi T, Taira T, Iguchi-Ariga SM, Ariga H . AMY-1, a c-Myc-binding protein, is localized in the mitochondria of sperm by association with S-AKAP84, an anchor protein of cAMP-dependent protein kinase . J. Biol. Chem. . 276 . 39 . 36647–51 . 11483602 . 10.1074/jbc.M103885200. free .
6. Mar 2003 . Carlson CR, Ruppelt A, Taskén K . A kinase anchoring protein (AKAP) interaction and dimerization of the RIalpha and RIbeta regulatory subunits of protein kinase a in vivo by the yeast two hybrid system . J. Mol. Biol. . 327 . 3 . 609–18 . 12634056 . 10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00093-7.
7. April 2000 . Herberg FW, Maleszka A, Eide T, Vossebein L, Tasken K . Analysis of A-kinase anchoring protein (AKAP) interaction with protein kinase A (PKA) regulatory subunits: PKA isoform specificity in AKAP binding . J. Mol. Biol. . 298 . 2 . 329–39 . 10764601 . 10.1006/jmbi.2000.3662.
8. Aug 1999 . Kapiloff MS, Schillace RV, Westphal AM, Scott JD . mAKAP: an A-kinase anchoring protein targeted to the nuclear membrane of differentiated myocytes . J. Cell Sci. . 112 . 16. 2725–36 . 10.1242/jcs.112.16.2725 . 10413680 .