EMR1 explained

EGF-like module-containing mucin-like hormone receptor-like 1 also known as F4/80 is a protein encoded by the ADGRE1 gene.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] EMR1 is a member of the adhesion GPCR family.[6] [7] Adhesion GPCRs are characterized by an extended extracellular region often possessing N-terminal protein modules that is linked to a TM7 region via a domain known as the GPCR-Autoproteolysis INducing (GAIN) domain.[8]

EMR1 expression in human is restricted to eosinophils and is a specific marker for these cells.[9] The murine homolog of EMR1, F4/80, is a well-known and widely used marker of murine macrophage populations.[10] The N-terminal fragment (NTF) of EMR1 contains 4-6 Epidermal Growth Factor-like (EGF-like) domains in human and 4-7 EGF-like domains in the mouse.[11]

Function

Utilizing F4/80 knockout mice, Lin et al. showed that F4/80 is not necessary for the development of tissue macrophages but is required for the induction of efferent CD8+ regulatory T cells needed for peripheral tolerance.[12]

Clinical significance

Legrand et al. demonstrated that EMR1 can serve as a therapeutic target for depletion of these cells in eosinophilic disorders by using afucosylated antibodies.[13]

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Baud V, Chissoe SL, Viegas-Péquignot E, Diriong S, N'Guyen VC, Roe BA, Lipinski M . EMR1, an unusual member in the family of hormone receptors with seven transmembrane segments . Genomics . 26 . 2 . 334–44 . March 1995 . 7601460 . 10.1016/0888-7543(95)80218-B .
  2. McKnight AJ, Gordon S . The EGF-TM7 family: unusual structures at the leukocyte surface . Journal of Leukocyte Biology . 63 . 3 . 271–80 . March 1998 . 9500513 . 10.1002/jlb.63.3.271. 6497890 .
  3. Web site: Entrez Gene: EMR1 egf-like module containing, mucin-like, hormone receptor-like 1.
  4. Leenen PJ, de Bruijn MF, Voerman JS, Campbell PA, van Ewijk W . Markers of mouse macrophage development detected by monoclonal antibodies . Journal of Immunological Methods . 174 . 1–2 . 5–19 . September 1994 . 8083537 . 10.1016/0022-1759(94)90005-1 . 1765/71089 . free .
  5. Hamann. J. Aust. G. Araç. D. Engel. FB. Formstone. C. Fredriksson. R. Hall. RA. Harty. BL. Kirchhoff. C. Knapp. B. Krishnan. A. Liebscher. I. Lin. HH. Martinelli. DC. Monk. KR. Peeters. MC. Piao. X. Prömel. S. Schöneberg. T. Schwartz. TW. Singer. K. Stacey. M. Ushkaryov. YA. Vallon. M. Wolfrum. U. Wright. MW. Xu. L. Langenhan. T. Schiöth. HB. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. XCIV. Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors.. Pharmacological Reviews. April 2015. 67. 2. 338–67. 25713288. 10.1124/pr.114.009647. 4394687.
  6. Book: Stacey M, Yona S . Adhesion-GPCRs: Structure to Function (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology) . Springer . Berlin . 2011 . 978-1-4419-7912-4 .
  7. Langenhan. T. Aust. G. Hamann. J. Sticky signaling--adhesion class G protein-coupled receptors take the stage.. Science Signaling. 21 May 2013. 6. 276. re3. 23695165. 10.1126/scisignal.2003825. 6958640.
  8. Araç D, Boucard AA, Bolliger MF, Nguyen J, Soltis SM, Südhof TC, Brunger AT . A novel evolutionarily conserved domain of cell-adhesion GPCRs mediates autoproteolysis . The EMBO Journal . 31 . 6 . 1364–78 . March 2012 . 22333914 . 3321182 . 10.1038/emboj.2012.26 .
  9. Hamann J, Koning N, Pouwels W, Ulfman LH, van Eijk M, Stacey M, Lin HH, Gordon S, Kwakkenbos MJ . EMR1, the human homolog of F4/80, is an eosinophil-specific receptor . European Journal of Immunology . 37 . 10 . 2797–802 . October 2007 . 17823986 . 10.1002/eji.200737553 . free .
  10. Austyn JM, Gordon S . F4/80, a monoclonal antibody directed specifically against the mouse macrophage . European Journal of Immunology . 11 . 10 . 805–15 . October 1981 . 7308288 . 10.1002/eji.1830111013 . 8426640 .
  11. Gordon S, Hamann J, Lin HH, Stacey M . F4/80 and the related adhesion-GPCRs . European Journal of Immunology . 41 . 9 . 2472–6 . September 2011 . 21952799 . 10.1002/eji.201141715 . free .
  12. Lin HH, Faunce DE, Stacey M, Terajewicz A, Nakamura T, Zhang-Hoover J, Kerley M, Mucenski ML, Gordon S, Stein-Streilein J . The macrophage F4/80 receptor is required for the induction of antigen-specific efferent regulatory T cells in peripheral tolerance . The Journal of Experimental Medicine . 201 . 10 . 1615–25 . May 2005 . 15883173 . 10.1084/jem.20042307 . 2212925.
  13. Legrand F, Tomasevic N, Simakova O, Lee CC, Wang Z, Raffeld M, Makiya MA, Palath V, Leung J, Baer M, Yarranton G, Maric I, Bebbington C, Klion AD . The eosinophil surface receptor epidermal growth factor-like module containing mucin-like hormone receptor 1 (EMR1): a novel therapeutic target for eosinophilic disorders . The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology . 133 . 5 . 1439–47, 1447.e1–8 . May 2014 . 24530099 . 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.11.041 . 4113341.

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