ADCY4 explained

Adenylyl cyclase type 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ADCY4 gene.^{[1] [2]}

Function

This gene encodes a member of the family of adenylyl cyclases, which are membrane-associated enzymes that catalyze the formation of the secondary messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Mouse studies show that adenylyl cyclase 4, along with adenylyl cyclases 2 and 3, is expressed in olfactory cilia, suggesting that several different adenylyl cyclases may couple to olfactory receptors and that there may be multiple receptor-mediated mechanisms for the generation of cAMP signals.

Further reading

• Gaudin C, Homcy CJ, Ishikawa Y . Mammalian adenylyl cyclase family members are randomly located on different chromosomes . Hum. Genet. . 94 . 5 . 527–9 . 1994 . 7959689 . 10.1007/BF00211020 . 40521157 .
• Barcova M, Speth C, Kacani L . Involvement of adenylate cyclase and p70(S6)-kinase activation in IL-10 up-regulation in human monocytes by gp41 envelope protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 . Pflügers Arch. . 437 . 4 . 538–46 . 1999 . 10089566 . 10.1007/s004240050815 . 7620262 . etal.
• Speth C, Joebstl B, Barcova M, Dierich MP . HIV-1 envelope protein gp41 modulates expression of interleukin-10 and chemokine receptors on monocytes, astrocytes and neurones . AIDS . 14 . 6 . 629–36 . 2000 . 10807185 . 10.1097/00002030-200004140-00001 . 22105709 . free .
• Patke CL, Shearer WT . gp120- and TNF-alpha-induced modulation of human B cell function: proliferation, cyclic AMP generation, Ig production, and B-cell receptor expression . J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. . 105 . 5 . 975–82 . 2000 . 10808179 . 10.1067/mai.2000.105315 . free .
• Wong ST, Trinh K, Hacker B . Disruption of the type III adenylyl cyclase gene leads to peripheral and behavioral anosmia in transgenic mice . Neuron . 27 . 3 . 487–97 . 2000 . 11055432 . 10.1016/S0896-6273(00)00060-X . etal. free .
• Patrizio M, Colucci M, Levi G . Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat protein decreases cyclic AMP synthesis in rat microglia cultures . J. Neurochem. . 77 . 2 . 399–407 . 2001 . 11299302 . 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00249.x . free .
• Côté M, Guillon G, Payet MD, Gallo-Payet N . Expression and regulation of adenylyl cyclase isoforms in the human adrenal gland . J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. . 86 . 9 . 4495–503 . 2001 . 10.1210/jcem.86.9.7837 . 11549699 . free .
• Speth C, Schabetsberger T, Mohsenipour I . Mechanism of human immunodeficiency virus-induced complement expression in astrocytes and neurons . J. Virol. . 76 . 7 . 3179–88 . 2002 . 11884542 . 10.1128/JVI.76.7.3179-3188.2002 . 136041 . etal.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . etal. free .
• Ludwig MG, Seuwen K . Characterization of the human adenylyl cyclase gene family: cDNA, gene structure, and tissue distribution of the nine isoforms . J. Recept. Signal Transduct. Res. . 22 . 1–4 . 79–110 . 2003 . 12503609 . 10.1081/RRS-120014589 . 36697419 .
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T . Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs . Nat. Genet. . 36 . 1 . 40–5 . 2004 . 14702039 . 10.1038/ng1285 . etal. free .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 . etal.

Notes and References

1. Edelhoff S, Villacres EC, Storm DR, Disteche CM . Mapping of adenylyl cyclase genes type I, II, III, IV, V, and VI in mouse . Mamm Genome . 6 . 2 . 111–3 . Jul 1995. 7766992 . 10.1007/BF00303253 . 27766000 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: ADCY4 adenylate cyclase 4.