| Bodystyle: | width:320px |
| ACL2 | |
| Paradigm: | Functional, meta |
| Designer: | Robert S. Boyer, J Strother Moore and Matt Kaufmann |
| Developer: | Matt Kaufmann and J Strother Moore |
| Year: | 1990[1] (limited distribution), 1996 (public distribution) |
| Latest Release Version: | 8.5 |
| Typing: | Dynamic |
| Influenced By: | Common Lisp, Nqthm |
| License: | BSD |
| Operating System: | Cross-platform |
ACL2 (A Computational Logic for Applicative Common Lisp) is a software system consisting of a programming language, an extensible theory in a first-order logic, and an automated theorem prover. ACL2 is designed to support automated reasoning in inductive logical theories, mostly for software and hardware verification. The input language and implementation of ACL2 are written in Common Lisp. ACL2 is free and open-source software.
The ACL2 programming language is an applicative (side-effect free) variant of Common Lisp. ACL2 is untyped. All ACL2 functions are total — that is, every function maps each object in the ACL2 universe to another object in its universe.
ACL2's base theory axiomatizes the semantics of its programming language and its built-in functions. User definitions in the programming language that satisfy a definitional principle extend the theory in a way that maintains the theory's logical consistency.
The core of ACL2's theorem prover is based on term rewriting, and this core is extensible in that user-discovered theorems can be used as ad hoc proof techniques for subsequent conjectures.
ACL2 is intended to be an "industrial strength" version of the Boyer–Moore theorem prover, NQTHM. Toward this goal, ACL2 has many features to support clean engineering of interesting mathematical and computational theories. ACL2 also derives efficiency from being built on Common Lisp; for example, the same specification that is the basis for inductive verification can be compiled and run natively.
In 2005, the authors of the Boyer-Moore family of provers, which includes ACL2, received the ACM Software System Award "for pioneering and engineering a most effective theorem prover (...) as a formal methods tool for verifying safety-critical hardware and software."[2] [3]
ACL2 has had numerous industrial applications.[4] [5] In 1995, J Strother Moore, Matt Kaufmann and Tom Lynch used ACL2 to prove the correctness of the floating point division operation of the AMD K5 microprocessor in the wake of the Pentium FDIV bug.[6]
Industrial users of ACL2 include AMD, Arm, Centaur Technology, IBM, Intel, Oracle, and Collins Aerospace.