ACAT2 explained

Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, cytosolic, also known as cytosolic acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ACAT2 (acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase 2) gene^[1]

Acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase 2 is an acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase enzyme.

Gene

This gene shows complementary overlapping with the 3-prime region of the TCP1 gene in both mouse and human. These genes are encoded on opposite strands of DNA, as well as in opposite transcriptional orientation.^[1]

References

Further reading

• Locke JA, Wasan KM, Nelson CC, Guns ES, Leon CG . Androgen-mediated cholesterol metabolism in LNCaP and PC-3 cell lines is regulated through two different isoforms of acyl-coenzyme A:Cholesterol Acyltransferase (ACAT) . The Prostate . 68 . 1 . 20–33 . Jan 2008 . 18000807 . 10.1002/pros.20674 . 40860952 . free .
• Reynolds CA, Hong MG, Eriksson UK, Blennow K, Wiklund F, Johansson B, Malmberg B, Berg S, Alexeyenko A, Grönberg H, Gatz M, Pedersen NL, Prince JA . Analysis of lipid pathway genes indicates association of sequence variation near SREBF1/TOM1L2/ATPAF2 with dementia risk . Human Molecular Genetics . 19 . 10 . 2068–78 . May 2010 . 20167577 . 2860895 . 10.1093/hmg/ddq079 .
• He X, Lu Y, Saha N, Yang H, Heng CK . Acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase-2 gene polymorphisms and their association with plasma lipids and coronary artery disease risks . Human Genetics . 118 . 3–4 . 393–403 . Dec 2005 . 16195894 . 10.1007/s00439-005-0055-3 . 13637004 .
• Yamada Y, Matsuo H, Warita S, Watanabe S, Kato K, Oguri M, Yokoi K, Metoki N, Yoshida H, Satoh K, Ichihara S, Aoyagi Y, Yasunaga A, Park H, Tanaka M, Nozawa Y . Prediction of genetic risk for dyslipidemia . Genomics . 90 . 5 . 551–8 . Nov 2007 . 17919884 . 10.1016/j.ygeno.2007.08.001 .
• Kursula P, Sikkilä H, Fukao T, Kondo N, Wierenga RK . High resolution crystal structures of human cytosolic thiolase (CT): a comparison of the active sites of human CT, bacterial thiolase, and bacterial KAS I . Journal of Molecular Biology . 347 . 1 . 189–201 . Mar 2005 . 15733928 . 10.1016/j.jmb.2005.01.018 .
• Lu Y, Dollé ME, Imholz S, van 't Slot R, Verschuren WM, Wijmenga C, Feskens EJ, Boer JM . Multiple genetic variants along candidate pathways influence plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations . Journal of Lipid Research . 49 . 12 . 2582–9 . Dec 2008 . 18660489 . 10.1194/jlr.M800232-JLR200 . free .
• Parini P, Jiang ZY, Einarsson C, Eggertsen G, Zhang SD, Rudel LL, Han TQ, Eriksson M . ACAT2 and human hepatic cholesterol metabolism: identification of important gender-related differences in normolipidemic, non-obese Chinese patients . Atherosclerosis . 207 . 1 . 266–71 . Nov 2009 . 19467657 . 2784173 . 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.04.010 .
• Pramfalk C, Angelin B, Eriksson M, Parini P . Cholesterol regulates ACAT2 gene expression and enzyme activity in human hepatoma cells . Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications . 364 . 2 . 402–9 . Dec 2007 . 17950700 . 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.10.028 .
• Suzuki Y, Yamashita R, Shirota M, Sakakibara Y, Chiba J, Mizushima-Sugano J, Nakai K, Sugano S . Sequence comparison of human and mouse genes reveals a homologous block structure in the promoter regions . Genome Research . 14 . 9 . 1711–8 . Sep 2004 . 15342556 . 515316 . 10.1101/gr.2435604 .
• Yoshida T, Kato K, Yokoi K, Watanabe S, Metoki N, Satoh K, Aoyagi Y, Nishigaki Y, Nozawa Y, Yamada Y . Association of candidate gene polymorphisms with chronic kidney disease in Japanese individuals with hypertension . Hypertension Research . 32 . 5 . 411–8 . May 2009 . 19282863 . 10.1038/hr.2009.22 . free .
• Matsumoto K, Fujiwara Y, Nagai R, Yoshida M, Ueda S . Expression of two isozymes of acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase-1 and -2 in clear cell type renal cell carcinoma . International Journal of Urology . 15 . 2 . 166–70 . Feb 2008 . 18269457 . 10.1111/j.1442-2042.2007.01947.x . 205487158 .
• Yao XM, Wang CH, Song BL, Yang XY, Wang ZZ, Qi W, Lin ZX, Chang CC, Chang TY, Li BL . Two human ACAT2 mRNA variants produced by alternative splicing and coding for novel isoenzymes . Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica . 37 . 12 . 797–806 . Dec 2005 . 16331323 . 10.1111/j.1745-7270.2005.00118.x . 14399559 .
• Ohta T, Takata K, Katsuren K, Fukuyama S . The influence of the acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase-1 gene (−77G→A) polymorphisms on plasma lipid and apolipoprotein levels in normolipidemic and hyperlipidemic subjects. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids. 1682 . 1–3 . 56–62 . Jun 2004 . 15158756 . 10.1016/j.bbalip.2004.01.008 .
• Ruaño G, Bernene J, Windemuth A, Bower B, Wencker D, Seip RL, Kocherla M, Holford TR, Petit WA, Hanks S . Physiogenomic comparison of edema and BMI in patients receiving rosiglitazone or pioglitazone . Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry . 400 . 1–2 . 48–55 . Feb 2009 . 18996102 . 10.1016/j.cca.2008.10.009 .
• Jiang ZY, Jiang CY, Wang L, Wang JC, Zhang SD, Einarsson C, Eriksson M, Han TQ, Parini P, Eggertsen G . Increased NPC1L1 and ACAT2 expression in the jejunal mucosa from Chinese gallstone patients . Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications . 379 . 1 . 49–54 . Jan 2009 . 19071091 . 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.11.131 .
• Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, Li H, Taylor P, Climie S, McBroom-Cerajewski L, Robinson MD, O'Connor L, Li M, Taylor R, Dharsee M, Ho Y, Heilbut A, Moore L, Zhang S, Ornatsky O, Bukhman YV, Ethier M, Sheng Y, Vasilescu J, Abu-Farha M, Lambert JP, Duewel HS, Stewart II, Kuehl B, Hogue K, Colwill K, Gladwish K, Muskat B, Kinach R, Adams SL, Moran MF, Morin GB, Topaloglou T, Figeys D . Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry . Molecular Systems Biology . 3 . 1 . 89 . 2007 . 17353931 . 1847948 . 10.1038/msb4100134 .

Notes and References

1. Web site: ACAT2 acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 2 [Homo sapiens (human) ]].